Gabardine
Gab•ar•dine´, Gab•er•dine´, n. [Sp. gabardina; cf. It. gavardina, OF. galvardine, calvardine, gavardine, galeverdine; perh. akin to Sp. & OF. gaban a sort of cloak or coat for rainy weather, F. caban great coat with a hood and sleeves, It. gabbano and perh. to E. cabin.] A coarse frock or loose upper garment formerly worn by Jews; a mean dress. Shak.

Gabber
Gab´ber, n.
1. A liar; a deceiver. [Obs.]
2. One addicted to idle talk.

Gabble
Gab´ble, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gabbled p. pr. & vb. n. Gabbling ] [Freq. of gab. See Gab, v. i.]
1. To talk fast, or to talk without meaning; to prate; to jabber. Shak.
2. To utter inarticulate sounds with rapidity; as gabbling fowls. Dryden.

Gabble
Gab´ble, n.
1. Loud or rapid talk without meaning.
"Forthwith a hideous gabble rises loud Among the builders." Milton.
2. Inarticulate sounds rapidly uttered; as of fowls.

Gabbler
Gab´bler, n. One who gabbles; a prater.

Gabbro
Gab´bro, n. [It.] (Geol.) A name originally given by the Italians to a kind of serpentine, later to the rock called euphotide, and now generally used for a coarsely crystalline, igneous rock consisting of lamellar pyroxene (diallage) and labradorite, with sometimes chrysolite (olivine gabbro).

Gabel
Ga´bel, n. [F. gabelle, LL. gabella, gabulum, gablum; of uncertain origin. Cf.Gavel tribute.] (O. Eng. Law) A rent, service, tribute, custom, tax, impost, or duty; an excise. Burrill.
"He enables St. Peter to pay his gabel by the ministry of a fish." Jer. Taylor.

Gabelle
Ga•belle´, n. [F. See Gabel.] A tax, especially on salt. [France] Brande & C.

Gaberdine
Gab•er•dine´, n. See Gabardine.

Gabert
Gab´ert, n. [Cf.F. gabare, Arm. kobar, gobar.] A lighter, or vessel for inland navigation. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Gabion
Ga´bi•on, n. [F., from It. gabbione a large cage, gabion, from gabbia cage, L. cavea. See Cage.]
1. (Fort.) A hollow cylinder of wickerwork, like a basket without a bottom. Gabions are made of various sizes, and filled with earth in building fieldworks to shelter men from an enemy’s fire.
2. (Hydraul. Engin.) An openwork frame, as of poles, filled with stones and sunk, to assist in forming a bar dyke, etc., as in harbor improvement.

Gabionage
Ga´bi•on•age, n. [F. gabionnage.] (Mil.) The part of a fortification built of gabions.

Gabioned
Ga´bi•oned, p. a. Furnished with gabions.

Gabionnade
Ga•bion•nade´, n. See Gabionade.

Gablock
Gab´lock, n. [See Gavelock.] A false spur or gaff, fitted on the heel of a gamecock. Wright.

Gadbee
Gad´bee, n. (Zoöl.) The gadfly.

Gadder
Gad´der, n. One who roves about idly, a rambling gossip.

Gadding
Gad´ding, a. & n. Going about much, needlessly or without purpose.
"Envy is a gadding passion, and walketh the streets." Bacon.
"The good nuns would check her gadding tongue." Tennyson. Gadding car, in quarrying, a car which carries a drilling machine so arranged as to drill a line of holes.

Gaddingly
Gad´ding•ly, adv. In a roving, idle manner.

Gaddish
Gad´dish, a. Disposed to gad. — Gad´dish•nes, n. "Gaddishness and folly." Abp. Leighton.

Gade, n. [Cf. Cod the fish.] (Zoöl.) (a) A small British fish ( Motella argenteola) of the Cod family. (b) A pike, so called at Moray Firth; — called also gead. [Prov. Eng.]

Gadere
Gad´er•e, Gad´re, v. t. & i. To gather. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gadfly
Gad´fly, n. ; pl. Gadflies (#). [ Gad + fly.] (Zoöl.) Any dipterous insect of the genus Oestrus, and allied genera of botflies. The sheep gadfly ( Oestrus ovis) deposits its young in the nostrils of sheep, and the larvae develop in the frontal sinuses. The common species which infests cattle ( Hypoderma bovis) deposits its eggs upon or in the skin where the larvae or bots live and produce sores called wormels. The gadflies of the horse produce the intestinal parasites called bots. See Botfly, and Bots. The true horseflies are often erroneously called gadflies, and the true gadflies are sometimes incorrectly called breeze flies. Gadfly petrel (Zoöl.), one of several small petrels of the genus Oestrelata.

Gaditanian
Gad•i•ta•ni•an, a. [L. Gaditanus, fr. Gades Cadiz.] Of or relating to Cadiz, in Spain. — n. A native or inhabitant of Cadiz.

Gadling
Gad´ling, n. [ Gad, n. + - ling.] (Mediaeval Armor) [R.] See Gad, n. , 4.

Gadling
Gad´ling, a. [See Gad, v. i.] Gadding about. [Obs.]

Gadling
Gad´ling, n. A roving vagabond. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Gadman, n. A gadsman.

Gadoid
Ga´doid ( 277), a. [NL. gadus cod + -oid: cf. F. gadoïde gadoid, Gr. a sort of fish, F. gade.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the family of fishes ( Gadidae) which includes the cod, haddock, and hake. — n. One of the Gadidae. [Written also gadid.]

Gadolinia
Gad•o•lin´i•a, n. [NL. See Gadolinite.] (Chem.) A rare earth, regarded by some as an oxide of the supposed element gadolinium, by others as only a mixture of the oxides of yttrium, erbium, ytterbium, etc.

Gadolinia
Gad•o•lin´i•a, n. [NL. See Gadolinite.] A rare earth associated with yttria and regarded as the oxide (Gd₂O₃) of a metallic element, Gad•o•lin´i•um, with an assigned atomic weight of 153.3.

Gadolinite
Gad´o•lin•ite, n. [Named after Gadolin, a Russian chemist.] (Min.) A mineral of a nearly black color and vitreous luster, and consisting principally of the silicates of yttrium, cerium, and iron.

Gadolinium
Gad•o•lin´i•um, n. [NL. See Gadolinite.] (Chem.) A supposed rare metallic element, with a characteristic spectrum, found associated with yttrium and other rare metals. Its individuality and properties have not yet been determined.

Gaduin
Gad´u•in, n. [NL. gadus codfish.] (Chem.) A yellow or brown amorphous substance, of indifferent nature, found in cod-liver oil.

Gadwall
Gad´wall, n. [ Gad to walk about + well.] (Zoöl.) A large duck ( Anas strepera), valued as a game bird, found in the northern parts of Europe and America; — called also gray duck. [Written also gaddwell.]

Gaekwar
Gaek´war, n. [Also Gaikwar, Guicowar.] [Marathi gaekwar, prop., a cowherd.] The title of the ruling Prince of Baroda, in Gujarat, in Bombay, India.

Gael, n.sing. & pl. [See Gaelic.] (Ethnol.) A Celt or the Celts of the Scotch Highlands or of Ireland; now esp., a Scotch Highlander of Celtic origin.

Gaff, n. [OE. gaffe, F. gaffe an iron hook with which seamen pull great fishes into their ships; cf. Ir. gaf, gafa hook; perh. akin to G. gabel fork, Skr. gabhasti. Cf. Gaffle, Gable.]
1. A barbed spear or a hook with a handle, used by fishermen in securing heavy fish.
2. (Naut.) The spar upon which the upper edge of a fore-and-aft sail is extended.
3. Same as Gaffle, 1. Wright.

Gaff, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gaffed p. pr. & vb. n. Gaffing.] To strike with a gaff or barbed spear; to secure by means of a gaff; as to gaff a salmon.

Gag, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gagged p. pr. & vb. n. Gagging ] [Prob. fr. W. cegio to choke or strangle, fr. ceg mouth, opening, entrance.]
1. To stop the mouth of, by thrusting sometimes in, so as to hinder speaking; hence, to silence by authority or by violence; not to allow freedom of speech to. Marvell.
"The time was not yet come when eloquence was to be gagged, and reason to be hood winked." Maccaulay.
2. To pry or hold open by means of a gag.
"Mouths gagged to such a wideness." Fortescue (Transl.).
3. To cause to heave with nausea.

Gag, v. i.
1. To heave with nausea; to retch.
2. To introduce gags or interpolations. See Gag, n. , 3. [Slang] Cornill Mag.

Gag, n.
1. Something thrust into the mouth or throat to hinder speaking.
2. A mouthful that makes one retch; a choking bit; as a gag of mutton fat. Lamb.
3. A speech or phrase interpolated offhand by an actor on the stage in his part as written, usually consisting of some seasonable or local allusion. [Slang] Gag rein (Harness), a rein for drawing the bit upward in the horse’s mouth. — Gag runner (Harness), a loop on the throat latch guiding the gag rein.

Gag law. (Parliamentary Law) A law or ruling prohibiting proper or free debate, as in closure. [Colloq. or Cant]

Gagate
Gag´ate ( 48), n. [L. gagates. See Jet a black mineral.] Agate. [Obs.] Fuller.

Gaggle
Gag´gle, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gaggled p. pr. & vb. n. Gaggling ] [Of imitative origin; cf. D. gaggelen, gagelen, G. gackeln, gackern, MHG. ggen, E. giggle, cackle.] To make a noise like a goose; to cackle. Bacon.

Gaggle
Gag´gle, n. [Cf. Gaggle v. i.] (Zoöl.) A flock of wild geese. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Gahnite
Gahn´ite, n. [Named after Gahn, a Swedish chemist.] (Min.) Zinc spinel; automolite.

Gaidic
Ga•id´ic, a. [Gr. earth.] (Chem.) Pertaining to hypogeic acid; — applied to an acid obtained from hypogeic acid.

Gaiety
Gai´e•ty, n. Same as Gayety.

Gaillard
Gail•lard´, a. [F. See Galliard.] Gay; brisk; merry; galliard. Chaucer.

Gainable
Gain´a•ble, a. [CF. F. gagnable. See Gain, v. t.] Capable of being obtained or reached. Sherwood.

Gainful
Gain´ful, a. Profitable; advantageous; lucrative. "A gainful speculation." Macaulay. — Gain´ful•ly, adv. — Gain´ful•ness, n.

Gaingiving
Gain´giv•ing, n. [See Again, and Give.] A misgiving. [Obs.]

Gainly
Gain´ly, adv. [See Gain, a. ] Handily; readily; dexterously; advantageously. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Gainsay
Gain•say´ (? or 277), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gainsaid ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gainsaying.] [OE. geinseien, ageinseien. See Again, and Say to utter.] To contradict; to deny; to controvert; to dispute; to forbid.
"I will give you a mouth and wisdom which all your adversaries shall not be able to gainsay nor resist." Luke xxi. 15.
"The just gods gainsay That any drop thou borrow’dst from thy mother, My sacred aunt, should by my mortal sword Be drained." Shak.

Gainsborough hat
Gains"borough hat A woman’s broad-brimmed hat of a form thought to resemble those shown in portraits by Thomas Gainsborough, the English artist (1727-88).

Gainsome
Gain´some, a.
1. Gainful.
2. Prepossessing; well-favored. [Obs.] Massinger.

Gainstand
Gain´stand, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gainstood; p. pr. & vb. n. gainstanding.] [See Again, and Stand.] To withstand; to resist. [Obs.]
"Durst … gainstand the force of so many enraged desires." Sir P. Sidney.

Gaiter
Gait´er, n. [F. guêtre, cf. Armor. gweltren; or perh. of German origin, and akin to E. wear, v.]
1. A covering of cloth or leather for the ankle and instep, or for the whole leg from the knee to the instep, fitting down upon the shoe.
2. A kind of shoe, consisting of cloth, and covering the ankle.

Gaiter
Gai´ter, v. t. To dress with gaiters.

Gaitre
Gai´tre, Gay´tre, n. [OE. Cf. Gatten tree.] The dogwood tree. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Galactic
Ga•lac´tic, a. [Gr. milky, fr.,, milk. See Galaxy, and cf. Lactic.]
1. Of or pertaining to milk; got from milk; as galactic acid.
2. Of or pertaining to the galaxy or Milky Way. Galactic circle (Astron.), the great circle of the heavens, to which the course of the galaxy most nearly conforms. Herschel. — Galactic poles, the poles of the galactic circle.

Galactophagous
Gal•ac•toph´a•gous, a. [Gr. : cf. F. galactophade.] Feeding on milk.

Galactophorous
Gal•ac•toph´o•rous, a. [Gr. ;,, milk + to bear: cf. F. galactophore. Cf. Lactiferous.] (Anat.) Milk-carrying; lactiferous; — applied to the ducts of mammary glands.

Galactose
Ga•lac´tose, n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline sugar, C₆H₁₂O₆, isomeric with dextrose, obtained by the decomposition of milk sugar, and also from certain gums. When oxidized it forms mucic acid. Called also lactose (though it is not lactose proper).

Galage
Ga•lage´, n. (Obs.) See Galoche. Spenser.

Galantine
Gal´an•tine, n. [F. galantine.] A dish of veal, chickens, or other white meat, freed from bones, tied up, boiled, and served cold. Smart.

Galapee tree
Gal"a•pee• tree", (Bot.) The West Indian Sciadophyllum Brownei, a tree with very large digitate leaves.

Galatea
Gal•a•te´a, n. [After Galatea, a British man-of-war, the material being used for children’s sailor suits.] A kind of striped cotton fabric, usually of superior quality and striped with blue or red on white.

Galatian
Ga•la´tian, a. Of or pertaining to Galatia or its inhabitants. — A native or inhabitant of Galatia, in Asia Minor; a descendant of the Gauls who settled in Asia Minor.

Galaxy
Gal´ax•y, n. ; pl. Galaxies (#). [F. galaxie, L. galaxias, fr. Gr. (sc. circle), fr.,, milk; akin to L. lac. Cf. Lacteal.]
1. (Astron.) The Milky Way; that luminous tract, or belt, which is seen at night stretching across the heavens, and which is composed of innumerable stars, so distant and blended as to be distinguishable only with the telescope. The term has recently been used for remote clusters of stars. Nichol.
2. A splendid assemblage of persons or things. { Gal´ban, Gal´ba•num } n. [L. galbanum, Gr., prob. from Heb. klekb’nh: cf. F. galbanum.] A gum resin exuding from the stems of certain Asiatic umbelliferous plants, mostly species of Ferula. The Bubon Galbanum of South Africa furnishes an inferior kind of galbanum. It has an acrid, bitter taste, a strong, unpleasant smell, and is used for medical purposes, also in the arts, as in the manufacture of varnish.

Galeas
Gal´e•as, n. See Galleass. { Ga´le•ate, Ga´le•a•ted } a. [L. galeatus, p. p. of galeare helmet.]
1. Wearing a helmet; protected by a helmet; covered, as with a helmet.
2. (Biol.) Helmeted; having a helmetlike part, as a crest, a flower, etc.; helmet-shaped.

Galena
Ga•le´na, n. [L. galena lead ore, dross that remains after melting lead: cf. F. galène sulphide of lead ore, antidote to poison, stillness of the sea, calm, tranquility.]
1. (Med.) A remedy or antidote for poison; theriaca. [Obs.] Parr.
2. (Min.) Lead sulphide; the principal ore of lead. It is of a bluish gray color and metallic luster, and is cubic in crystallization and cleavage. False galena. See Blende.

Galenism
Ga´len•ism, n. The doctrines of Galen.

Galenist
Ga•len•ist, n. A follower of Galen.

Galenite
Ga•le´nite, n. (Min.) Galena; lead ore.

Galeopithecus
Ga•le•o•pi•the´cus (ga•le•o•pi•the"kus), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gale•h a weasel + pi•qhkos an ape.] (Zoöl.) A genus of flying Insectivora, formerly called flying lemurs. See Colugo.

Galerite
Gal´er•ite, n. [L. galerum a hat, cap: cf. F. galerite.] (Paleon.) A cretaceous fossil sea urchin of the genus Galerites.

Galician
Ga•li´cian, a. [Cf. Sp. Galiciano, Gallego, fr. L. Gallaecus, Gallaicus, fr. Gallaeci a people in Western Spain.] Of or pertaining to Galicia, in Spain, or to Galicia, the kingdom of Austrian Poland. — n. A native of Galicia in Spain; — called also Gallegan.

Galilean
Gal•i•le´an, a. Of or pertaining to Galileo; as the Galilean telescope. See Telescope.

Galilean
Gal•i•le´an, a. [L. Galilaeus, fr. Galilaea Galilee, Gr. : cf. F. galileen.] Of or relating to Galilee.

Galilean
Gal•i•le´an, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Galilee, the northern province of Palestine under the Romans.
2. (Jewish Hist.) One of the party among the Jews, who opposed the payment of tribute to the Romans; — called also Gaulonite.
3. A Christian in general; — used as a term of reproach by Mohammedans and Pagans. Byron.

Galilee
Gal´i•lee, n. [Supposed to have been so termed in allusion to the scriptural "Galilee of the Gentiles." cf. OF. galilee.] (Arch.) A porch or waiting room, usually at the west end of an abbey church, where the monks collected on returning from processions, where bodies were laid previous to interment, and where women were allowed to see the monks to whom they were related, or to hear divine service. also frequently applied to the porch of a church, as at Ely and Durham cathedrals. Gwilt.

Galimatias
Gal•i•ma´tias, n. [F.] Nonsense; gibberish; confused and unmeaning talk; confused mixture.
"Her dress, like her talk, is a galimatias of several countries." Walpole.

Galingale
Gal´in•gale, n. [See Galangal.] (Bot.) A plant of the Sedge family ( Cyperus longus) having aromatic roots; also any plant of the same genus. Chaucer.
"Meadow, set with slender galingale." Tennyson.

Gall (gal), n. [OE. galle, gal, AS. gealla; akin to D. gal, OS. & OHG. galla, Icel. gall, SW. galla, Dan. galde, L. fel, Gr., and prob. to E. yellow. rad.49. See Yellow, and cf. Choler]
1. (Physiol.) The bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found in the gall bladder, beneath the liver. It consists of the secretion of the liver, or bile, mixed with that of the mucous membrane of the gall bladder.
2. The gall bladder.
3. Anything extremely bitter; bitterness; rancor.
"He hath … compassed me with gall and travail." Lam. iii. 5.
"Comedy diverted without gall." Dryden.
4. Impudence; brazen assurance. [Slang] Gall bladder (Anat.), the membranous sac, in which the bile, or gall, is stored up, as secreted by the liver; the cholecystis. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus. — Gall duct, a duct which conveys bile, as the cystic duct, or the hepatic duct. — Gall sickness, a remitting bilious fever in the Netherlands. Dunglison. — Gall of the earth (Bot.), an herbaceous composite plant with variously lobed and cleft leaves, usually the Prenanthes serpentaria.

Gall, n. [F. galle, noix de galle, fr. L. galla.] (Zoöl.) An excrescence of any form produced on any part of a plant by insects or their larvae. They are most commonly caused by small Hymenoptera and Diptera which puncture the bark and lay their eggs in the wounds. The larvae live within the galls. Some galls are due to aphids, mites, etc. See Gallnut. The galls, or gallnuts, of commerce are produced by insects of the genus Cynips, chiefly on an oak ( Quercus infectoria or Lusitanica) of Western Asia and Southern Europe. They contain much tannin, and are used in the manufacture of that article and for making ink and a black dye, as well as in medicine. Gall insect (Zoöl.), any insect that produces galls. — Gall midge (Zoöl.), any small dipterous insect that produces galls. — Gall oak, the oak ( Quercus infectoria) which yields the galls of commerce. — Gall of glass, the neutral salt skimmed off from the surface of melted crown glass; — called also glass gall and sandiver. Ure. — Gall wasp. (Zoöl.) See Gallfly.

Gall, v. t. (Dyeing) To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts. Ure.

Gall, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Galled p. pr. & vb. n. Galling.] [OE. gallen; cf. F. galer to scratch, rub, gale scurf, scab, G. galle a disease in horses’ feet, an excrescence under the tongue of horses; of uncertain origin. Cf. Gall gallnut.]
1. To fret and wear away by friction; to hurt or break the skin of by rubbing; to chafe; to injure the surface of by attrition; as a saddle galls the back of a horse; to gall a mast or a cable.
"I am loth to gall a new-healed wound." Shak.
2. To fret; to vex; as to be galled by sarcasm.
"They that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh." Shak.
3. To injure; to harass; to annoy; as the troops were galled by the shot of the enemy.
"In our wars against the French of old, we used to gall them with our longbows, at a greater distance than they could shoot their arrows." Addison.

Gall, v. i. To scoff; to jeer. [R.] Shak.

Gall, n. A wound in the skin made by rubbing.

Gallant
Gal´lant, a. [F. gallant, prop. p. pr. of OF. galer to rejoice, akin to OF. gale amusement, It. gala ornament; of German origin; cf. OHG. geil merry, luxuriant, wanton, G. geil lascivious, akin to AS. gl wanton, wicked, OS. gl merry, Goth. gailjan to make to rejoice, or perh. akin to E. weal. See Gala, Galloon.]
1. Showy; splendid; magnificent; gay; well- dressed.
"The town is built in a very gallant place." Evelyn.
"Our royal, good and gallant ship." Shak.
2. Noble in bearing or spirit; brave; high- spirited; courageous; heroic; magnanimous; as a gallant youth; a gallant officer.
"That gallant spirit hath aspired the clouds." Shak.
"The gay, the wise, the gallant, and the grave." Waller.
Syn. — Gallant, Courageous, Brave. Courageous is generic, denoting an inward spirit which rises above fear; brave is more outward, marking a spirit which braves or defies danger; gallant rises still higher, denoting bravery on extraordinary occasions in a spirit of adventure. A courageous man is ready for battle; a brave man courts it; a gallant man dashes into the midst of the conflict.

Gallant
Gal•lant´ ( 277), a. Polite and attentive to ladies; courteous to women; chivalrous.

Gallant
Gal•lant´ ( 277), n.
1. A man of mettle or spirit; a gay, fashionable man; a young blood. Shak.
2. One fond of paying attention to ladies.
3. One who wooes; a lover; a suitor; in a bad sense, a seducer. Addison. In the first sense it is by some orthoëpists (as in Shakespeare) accented on the first syllable.

Gallant
Gal•lant´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gallanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Gallanting.]
1. To attend or wait on, as a lady; as to gallant ladies to the play.
2. To handle with grace or in a modish manner; as to gallant a fan. [Obs.] Addison.

Gallantness
Gal´lant•ness, n. The quality of being gallant.

Gallantry
Gal´lant•ry, n. ; pl. Gallantries (#). [F. galanterie.]
1. Splendor of appearance; ostentatious finery. [Archaic]
"Guess the gallantry of our church by this … when the desk whereon the priest read was inlaid with plates of silver." Fuller.
2. Bravery; intrepidity; as the troops behaved with great gallantry.
3. Civility or polite attention to ladies; in a bad sense, attention or courtesy designed to win criminal favors from a female; freedom of principle or practice with respect to female virtue; intrigue.
4. Gallant persons, collectively. [R.]
"Helenus, Antenor, and all the gallantry of Troy." Shak.
Syn. — See Courage, and Heroism.

Galleass
Gal´le•ass ( 135), n. [F. galeasse, galeace; cf. It. galeazza, Sp. galeaza; LL. galea a galley. See Galley.] (Naut.) A large galley, having some features of the galleon, as broadside guns; esp., such a vessel used by the southern nations of Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. See Galleon, and Galley. [Written variously galeas, gallias, etc.] "The galleasses … were a third larger than the ordinary galley, and rowed each by three hundred galley slaves. They consisted of an enormous towering structure at the stern, a castellated structure almost equally massive in front, with seats for the rowers amidships." Motley. { Gal•le´gan (gal•le"g an), Gal•le´go (gal•le"go or ga•lya"go), } n. [Sp. Gallego.] A native or inhabitant of Galicia, in Spain; a Galician.

Galleon
Gal´le•on, n. [Sp. galeon, cf. F. galion; fr. LL. galeo, galio. See Galley.] (Naut.) A sailing vessel of the 15th and following centuries, often having three or four decks, and used for war or commerce. The term is often rather indiscriminately applied to any large sailing vessel.
"The galleons … were huge, round-stemmed, clumsy vessels, with bulwarks three or four feet thick, and built up at stem and stern, like castles." Motley.

Galley-bird
Gal´ley-bird, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.) The European green woodpecker; also the spotted woodpecker. [Prov. Eng.]

Galley-worm
Gal´ley-worm, n. [Prob. so called because the numerous legs along the sides move rhythmically like the oars of a galley.] (Zoöl.) A chilognath myriapod of the genus Iulus, and allied genera, having numerous short legs along the sides; a milliped or "thousand legs." See Chilognatha.

Gallian
Gal´li•an, a. [See Gallic.] Gallic; French. [Obs.] Shak.

Galliass
Gal´li•ass, n. Same as Galleass.

Gallican
Gal´li•can, a. [L. Gallicanus: cf. F. gallican.] Of or pertaining to Gaul or France; Gallic; French; as the Gallican church or clergy.

Gallican
Gal´li•can, n. An adherent to, and supporter of, Gallicanism. Shipley.

Gallicanism
Gal´li•can•ism, n. The principles, tendencies, or action of those, within the Roman Catholic Church in France, who (esp. in 1682) sought to restrict the papal authority in that country and increase the power of the national church. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

Gallicism
Gal´li•cism, n. [F. gallicisme.] A mode of speech peculiar to the French; a French idiom; also in general, a French mode or custom.

Gallicize
Gal´li•cize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gallicized p. pr. & vb. n. Gallicizing ] To conform to the French mode or idiom.

Galliform
Gal´li•form, a. (Zoöl.) Like the Gallinae (or Galliformes) in structure.

Galligaskins
Gal•li•gas´kins, n. pl. [Prob. corrupted fr. It. Grechesco Grecian, a name which seems to have been given in Venice, and to have been afterwards confused with Gascony, as if they came from Gascony.] Loose hose or breeches; leather leg quards. The word is used loosely and often in a jocose sense.

Gallimatia
Gal•li•ma´ti•a, n. Senseless talk. [Obs. or R.] See Galimatias.

Gallin
Gal´lin, n. (Chem.) A substance obtained by the reduction of galleïn.

Gallinaceae
Gal´li•nace•ae, n. pl. [NL. See Gallinaceous.] (Zoöl.) Same as Gallinae.

Gallinaceous
Gal•li•na´ceous, a. [L. gallinaceus, fr. gallina hen, fr. gallus cock.] (Zoöl.) Resembling the domestic fowls and pheasants; of or pertaining to the Gallinae.

Gallinae
Gal•li´nae, n. ; pl. [NL., fr. L. gallina a hen, gallus a cock.] (Zoöl.) An order of birds, including the common domestic fowls, pheasants, grouse, quails, and allied forms; — sometimes called Rasores.

Galling
Gall´ing, a. Fitted to gall or chafe; vexing; harassing; irritating. — Gall´ing•ly, adv.

Gallinipper
Gal´li•nip•per, n. A large mosquito.

Gallinule
Gal´li•nule, n. [L. gallinula chicken, dim. of gallina hen: cf. F. gallinule.] (Zoöl.) One of several wading birds, having long, webless toes, and a frontal shield, belonging to the family Rallidae. They are remarkable for running rapidly over marshes and on floating plants. The purple gallinule of America is Ionornis Martinica, that of the Old World is Porphyrio porphyrio. The common European gallinule ( Gallinula chloropus) is also called moor hen, water hen, water rail, moor coot, night bird, and erroneously dabchick. Closely related to it is the Florida gallinule ( Gallinula galeata). The purple gallinule of Southern Europe and Asia was formerly believed to be able to detect and report adultery, and for that reason, chiefly, it was commonly domesticated by the ancients.

Galliot
Gal´li•ot, n. See Galiot.

Gallipot
Gal´li•pot, n. [Prob. fr. OD. gleypot, the first part of which is possibly akin to E. glad. See Glad, and Pot.] A glazed earthen pot or vessel, used by druggists and apothecaries for containing medicines, etc.

Gallivant
Gal´li•vant, v. i. [From Gallant.] To play the beau; to wait upon the ladies; also to roam about for pleasure without any definite plan. [Slang] Dickens.

Galliwasp
Gal´li•wasp, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.) A West Indian lizard ( Celestus occiduus), about a foot long, imagined by the natives to be venomous.

Gallize
Gal´lize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gallized p. pr. & vb. n. Gallizing ] [After Dr. L. Gall, a French chemist, who invented the process.] In wine making, to add water and sugar to (unfermented grape juice) so as to increase the quantity of wine produced. — Gal•li•za´tion (#), n.

Gallon
Gal´lon, n. [OF galon, jalon, LL. galo, galona, fr. galum a liquid measure; cf. F. jale large bowl. Cf. Gill a measure.] A measure of capacity, containing four quarts; — used, for the most part, in liquid measure, but sometimes in dry measure. The standart gallon of the Unites States contains 231 cubic inches, or 8.3389 pounds avoirdupois of distilled water at its maximum density, and with the barometer at 30 inches. This is almost exactly equivalent to a cylinder of seven inches in diameter and six inches in height, and is the same as the old English wine gallon. The beer gallon, now little used in the United States, contains 282 cubic inches. The English imperial gallon contains 10 pounds avoirdupois of distilled water at 62 of Fahrenheit, and barometer at 30 inches, equal to 277.274 cubic inches.

Gallop
Gal´lop, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Galloped p. pr. & vb. n. Galloping.] [OE. galopen, F. galoper, of German origin; cf. assumed Goth. ga-hlaupan to run, OHG. giloufen, AS. gehleápan to leap, dance, fr. root of E. leap, and a prefix; or cf. OFlem. walop a gallop. See Leap, and cf. 1st Wallop.]
1. To move or run in the mode called a gallop; as a horse; to go at a gallop; to run or move with speed.
"But gallop lively down the western hill." Donne.
2. To ride a horse at a gallop.
3. Fig.: To go rapidly or carelessly, as in making a hasty examination.
"Such superficial ideas he may collect in galloping over it." Locke.

Gallop
Gal´lop, v. t. To cause to gallop.

Gallop
Gal´lop, n. [Cf. F. galop. See Gallop, v. i., and cf. Galop.] A mode of running by a quadruped, particularly by a horse, by lifting alternately the fore feet and the hind feet, in successive leaps or bounds. Hand gallop, a slow or gentle gallop.

Gallopin
Gal´lo•pin, n. [F. galopin. See Gallop, v. i.] An under servant for the kitchen; a scullion; a cook’s errand boy. [Obs.] Halliwell.

Gallotannic
Gal•lo•tan´nic, a. [ Gall nutgall + tannic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to the tannin or nutgalls. Gallotannic acid. See Tannic acid, under Tannic.

Gallowglass
Gal´low•glass, n. [Ir. galloglach. Cf. Gillie.] A heavy-armed foot soldier from Ireland and the Western Isles in the time of Edward Shak.

Gallstone
Gall´stone, n. A concretion, or calculus, formed in the gall bladder or biliary passages. See Calculus, n. , 1.

Galoot
Ga•loot´, n. A noisy, swaggering, or worthless fellow; a rowdy. [Slang, U. S.]

Galop
Gal´op, n. [F.] (Mus.) A kind of lively dance, in 2-4 time; also the music to the dance.

Galore
Ga•lore´, n. & a. [Scot. gelore, gilore, galore, fr. Gael. gu leòr, enough; gu- to, also an adverbial prefix + leòr, leòir, enough; or fr. Ir. goleor, the same word.] Plenty; abundance; in abundance.

Galosh
Ga•losh´, n.
1. Same as Galoche, Galoshe.
2. A strip of material, as leather, running around a shoe at and above the sole, as for protection or ornament.

Galsome
Gal´some, a. [ Gall bitterness + some.] Angry; malignant. [Obs.] Bp. Morton.

Galt, n. [See Gault.] Same as Gault.

Galvanization
Gal´va•niza•tion, n. The act of process of galvanizing.

Galvanize
Gal´va•nize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Galvanized p pr. & vb. n. Galvanizing ] [Cf. F. galvaniser.]
1. To affect with galvanism; to subject to the action of electrical currents.
2. To plate, as with gold, silver, etc., by means of electricity.
3. To restore to consciousness by galvanic action (as from a state of suspended animation); hence, to stimulate or excite to a factitious animation or activity.
4. To coat, as iron, with zinc. See Galvanized iron. Galvanized iron, formerly, iron coated with zink by electrical deposition; now more commonly, iron coated with zink by plunging into a bath of melted zink, after its surface has been cleaned by friction with the aid of dilute acid.

Galvanocaustic
Gal•van•o•caus´tic, a. [ Galvanic + caustic.] Relating to the use of galvanic heat as a caustic, especially in medicine.

Galvanocautery
Gal•van•o•cau´ter•y, n. (Med.) Cautery effected by a knife or needle heated by the passage of a galvanic current.

Galvanoglyphy
Gal•va•nog´ly•phy, n. [ Galvanic + Gr. to engrave.] Same as Glyphography.

Galvanographic
Gal•van•o•graph´ic, a. Of or pertaining to galvanography.

Galvanography
Gal•va•nog´ra•phy, n. [ Galvanic + -graphy.]
1. The art or process of depositing metals by electricity; electrotypy.
2. A method of producing by means of electrotyping process (without etching) copperplates which can be printed from in the same manner as engraved plates.

Galvanologist
Gal•va•nol´o•gist, n. One who describes the phenomena of galvanism; a writer on galvanism.

Galvanology
Gal•va•nol´o•gy n. [ Galvanic + -logy.] A treatise on galvanism, or a description of its phenomena.

Galvanometer
Gal•va•nom´e•ter, n. [ Galvanic + -meter: cf. F. galvanomètre.] (Elec.) An instrument or apparatus for measuring the intensity of an electric current, usually by the deflection of a magnetic needle. Differential galvanometer. See under Differental, a. — Sine galvanometer, Cosine galvanometer, Tangent galvanometer (Elec.), a galvanometer in which the sine, cosine, or tangent respectively, of the angle through which the needle is deflected, is proportional to the strength of the current passed through the instrument.

Galvanometry
Gal•va•nom´e•try, n. The art or process of measuring the force of electric currents.

Galvanoplastic
Gal•van•o•plas´tic, a. [ Galvanic + -plastic.] Of or pertaining to the art or process of electrotyping; employing, or produced by, the process of electolytic deposition; as a galvano-plastic copy of a medal or the like.

Galvanoplasty
Gal•van´o•plas•ty, n. [Cf. F. galanoplastie.] The art or process of electrotypy.

Galvanopuncture
Gal•van•o•punc´ture, n. (Med.) Same as Electro-puncture.

Galvanoscopic
Gal•van•o•scop´ic, a. Of or pertaining to a galvanoscope.

Galvanoscopy
Gal•va•nos´co•py, n. (Physiol.) The use of galvanism in physiological experiments.

Galvanotonus
Gal•va•not´o•nus, n. [NL., fr. E. galvanic + Gr. to tone.] (Physiol.) Same as Electrotonus.

Galwes
Gal´wes, n. Gallows. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gam, n. [Orig. uncert.] (Naut.) (a) A herd, or school, of whales. (b) A visit between whalers at sea; a holding of social intercourse between those on different vessels at sea, or (Local U. S.) between persons ashore.

Gam, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gammed p. pr. & vb. n. Gam"ming.] (Naut.) (a) To gather in a gam; — said of whales. (b) To engage in a gam, or (Local, U. S.) in social intercourse anywhere.

Gam, v. t. (Naut.) To have a gam with; to pay a visit to, esp. among whalers at sea.

Gama grass
Ga"ma grass [From Gama, a cluster of the Maldive Islands.] (Bot.) A species of grass ( Tripsacum dactyloides) tall, stout, and exceedingly productive; cultivated in the West Indies, Mexico, and the Southern States of North America as a forage grass; — called also sesame grass.

Gamashes
Ga•mash´es, n. pl. [F. gamaches.] High boots or buskins; in Scotland, short spatterdashes or riding trousers, worn over the other clothing.

Gamba
Gam´ba, n. A viola da gamba.

Gambadoes
Gam•ba´does, n. pl. [I. or Sp. gamba leg. See Gambol, n. ] Same as Gamashes.
"His thin legs tenanted a pair of gambadoes fastened at the side with rusty clasps." Sir W. Scott.

Gambeson
Gam´be•son, n. Same as Gambison.

Gambison
Gam´bi•son, n. [OF. gambeson, gambaison, fr. gambais, wambais, of German origin: cf. MHG. wambeis, G. wams doublet, fr. OHG. w amba, stomach. See Womb.] A defensive garment formerly in use for the body, made of cloth stuffed and quilted.

Gambler
Gam´bler, n. One who gambles.

Gamboge
Gam•boge´, n. A concrete juice, or gum resin, produced by several species of trees in Siam, Ceylon, and Malabar. It is brought in masses, or cylindrical rolls, from Cambodia, or Cambogia, — whence its name. The best kind is of a dense, compact texture, and of a beatiful reddish yellow. Taken internally, it is a strong and harsh cathartic and emetic. [Written also camboge.] There are several kinds of gamboge, but all are derived from species of Garcinia, a genus of trees of the order Guttiferae. The best Siam gamboge is thought to come from Garcinia Hanburii. Ceylon gamboge is from G. Morella. G. pictoria, of Western India, yields gamboge, and also a kind of oil called gamboge butter. { Gam•bo´gi•an, Gambogic } a. Pertaining to, resembling, or containing, gamboge.

Gambol
Gam´bol (gam"bol), n. [OE. gambolde, gambaulde, F. gambade, gambol, fr. It. gambata kick, fr. L. gamba leg, akin to F. jambe, OF. also gambe, fr. L. gamba, hoof or perh. joint: cf. Gr. kamph• a binding, winding, W., Ir. & Gael. cam crooked; perh. akin to E. chamber: cf.F. gambiller to kick about. Cf. Jamb, n. , Gammon ham, Gambadoes.] A skipping or leaping about in frolic; a hop; a sportive prank. Dryden.

Gambol
Gam´bol v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gamboled, or Gambolled; p. pr. & vb. n. Gamboling or Gambolling.] To dance and skip about in sport; to frisk; to skip; to play in frolic, like boys or lambs.

Gambroon
Gam•broon´, n. A kind of twilled linen cloth for lining. Simmonds.

Game, a. [Cf. W. cam crooked, and E. gambol, n. ] Crooked; lame; as a game leg. [Colloq.]

Game, n. [OE. game, gamen, AS. gamen, gomen, play, sport; akin to OS., OHG., & Icel. gaman, Dan. gammen mirth, merriment, OSw. gamman joy. Cf. Gammon a game, Backgammon, Gamble v. i.]
1. Sport of any kind; jest, frolic.
"We have had pastimes here, and pleasant game." Shak.
2. A contest, physical or mental, according to certain rules, for amusement, recreation, or for winning a stake; as a game of chance; games of skill; field games, etc.
"But war’s a game, which, were their subject wise, Kings would not play at." Cowper. Among the ancients, especially the Greeks and Romans, there were regularly recurring public exhibitions of strength, agility, and skill under the patronage of the government, usually accompanied with religious ceremonies. Such were the Olympic, the Pythian, the Nemean, and the Isthmian games.
3. The use or practice of such a game; a single match at play; a single contest; as a game at cards.
"Talk the game o’er between the deal." Lloyd.
4. That which is gained, as the stake in a game; also the number of points necessary to be scored in order to win a game; as in short whist five points are game.
5. (Card Playing) In some games, a point credited on the score to the player whose cards counts up the highest.
6. A scheme or art employed in the pursuit of an object or purpose; method of procedure; projected line of operations; plan; project.
"Your murderous game is nearly up." Blackw. Mag.
"It was obviously Lord Macaulay’s game to blacken the greatest literary champion of the cause he had set himself to attack." Saintsbury.
7. Animals pursued and taken by sportsmen; wild meats designed for, or served at, table.
"Those species of animals … distinguished from the rest by the well-known appellation of game." Blackstone. Confidence game. See under Confidence. — To make game of, to make sport of; to mock. Milton.

Game, a.
1. Having a resolute, unyielding spirit, like the gamecock; ready to fight to the last; plucky.
"I was game … .I felt that I could have fought even to the death." W. Irving.
2. Of or pertaining to such animals as are hunted for game, or to the act or practice of hunting. Game bag, a sportsman’s bag for carrying small game captured; also the whole quantity of game taken. — Game bird, any bird commonly shot for food, esp. grouse, partridges, quails, pheasants, wild turkeys, and the shore or wading birds, such as plovers, snipe, woodcock, curlew, and sandpipers. The term is sometimes arbitrarily restricted to birds hunted by sportsmen, with dogs and guns. — Game egg, an egg producing a gamecock. — Game laws, laws regulating the seasons and manner of taking game for food or for sport. — Game preserver, a land owner who regulates the killing of game on his estate with a view to its increase. [Eng.] — To be game. (a) To show a brave, unyielding spirit. (b) To be victor in a game. [Colloq.] — To die game, to maintain a bold, unyielding spirit to the last; to die fighting.

Game (gam), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gamed (gamd); p. pr. & vb. n. Gaming.] [OE. gamen, gameen, to rejoice, AS. gamenian to play. See Game, n. ]
1. To rejoice; to be pleased; — often used, in Old English, impersonally with dative. [Obs.]
"God loved he best with all his whole hearte At alle times, though him gamed or smarte." Chaucer.
2. To play at any sport or diversion.
3. To play for a stake or prize; to use cards, dice, billiards, or other instruments, according to certain rules, with a view to win money or other thing waged upon the issue of the contest; to gamble.

Gamecock
Game´cock (-kok•), n. (Zoöl.) The male game fowl.

Gameful
Game´ful (-ful), a. Full of game or games.

Gamekeeper
Game´keep•er (-kep•er), n. One who has the care of game, especially in a park or preserve. Blackstone.

Gameless
Game´less, a. Destitute of game.

Gamely
Game´ly, adv. In a plucky manner; spiritedly.

Gameness
Game´ness, n. Endurance; pluck.

Gamesome
Game´some, a. Gay; sportive; playful; frolicsome; merry. Shak.
"Gladness of the gamesome crowd." Byron. — Game´some•ly, adv. — Game´some•ness, n.

Gamester
Game´ster, n. [ Game + - ster.]
1. A merry, frolicsome person. [Obs.] Shak.
2. A person who plays at games; esp., one accustomed to play for a stake; a gambler; one skilled in games.
"When lenity and cruelty play for a kingdom, the gentlest gamester is the soonest winner." Shak.
3. A prostitute; a strumpet. [Obs.] Shak.

Gamete
Gam´ete (gam"et; ga•met"; the latter usually in compounds), n. [Gr. gameth• wife, or game•ths husband, fr. gamei^n to marry.] (Biol.) A sexual cell or germ cell; a conjugating cell which unites with another of like or unlike character to form a new individual. In Bot. , gamete designates esp. the similar sex cells of the lower thallophytes which unite by conjugation, forming a zygospore. The gametes of higher plants are of two sorts, sperm (male) and egg (female); their union is called fertilization, and the resulting zygote an oöspore. In Zoöl., gamete is most commonly used of the sexual cells of certain Protozoa, though also extended to the germ cells of higher forms.

Gametophyte
Ga•me´to•phyte, n. [ Gamete + Gr. fyto•n plant.] (Bot.) In the alternation of generations in plants, that generation or phase which bears sex organs. In the lower plants, as the algae, the gametophyte is the conspicuous part of the plant body; in mosses it is the so-called moss plant; in ferns it is reduced to a small, early perishing body; and in seed plants it is usually microscopic or rudimentary.

Gamic
Gam´ic, a. [Gr. marriage.] (Biol.) Pertaining to, or resulting from, sexual connection; formed by the union of the male and female elements.

Gamin
Gam´in, n. [F.] A neglected and untrained city boy; a young street Arab.
"In Japan, the gamins run after you, and say, ’Look at the Chinaman.’" L. Oliphant.

Gaming
Gam´ing, n. The act or practice of playing games for stakes or wagers; gambling.

Gamma
Gam´ma, n. The third letter (Γ, γ = Eng. G) of the Greek alphabet.

Gamma rays
Gam"ma rays. (Physics) Very penetrating rays not appreciably deflected by a magnetic or electric field, emitted by radioactive substances. The prevailing view is that they are non- periodic ether pulses differing from Röntgen rays only in being more penetrating.

Gammadion
Gam•ma´di•on, n. A cross formed of four capital gammas formerly used as a mysterious ornament on ecclesiastical vestments, etc. See Fylfot.

Gammoning
Gam´mon•ing, n. [From 5th Gammon.] (Naut.) The lashing or iron band by which the bowsprit of a vessel is secured to the stem to opposite the lifting action of the forestays. Gammoning fashion, in the style of gammoning lashing, that is, having the turns of rope crossed. — Gammoning hole (Naut.), a hole cut through the knee of the head of a vessel for the purpose of gammoning the bowsprit.

Gammoning
Gam´mon•ing, n. [From 4th Gammon.] The act of imposing upon or hoaxing a person. [Colloq.]

Gamogenetic
Gam•o•ge•net´ic, a. (Biol.) Relating to gamogenesis. — Gam•o•ge•net´ic•al•ly, adv.

Gamomorphism
Gam•o•mor´phism, n. [Gr. marriage + form, shape.] (Biol.) That stage of growth or development in an organism, in which the reproductive elements are generated and matured in preparation for propagating the species.

Gamopetalous
Gam•o•pet´al•ous, a. [Gr. marriage + E. petalous: cf. F. gamopetale.] (Bot.) Having the petals united or joined so as to form a tube or cup; monopetalous.

Gamophyllous
Ga•moph´yl•lous, a. [Gr. marriage + leaf.] (Bot.) Composed of leaves united by their edges (coalescent). Gray.

Gamosepalous
Gam•o•sep´al•ous, a. [Gr. marriage + E. sepal.] (Bot.) Formed of united sepals; monosepalous.

Gamp, n. A large umbrella; — said to allude to Mrs. Gamp’s umbrella, in Dickens’s "Martin Chuzzlewit."

Gamut
Gam´ut, n. [F. gamme + ut the name of a musical note. F. gamme is fr. the name of the Greek letter, which was used by Guido d’Arezzo to represent the first note of his model scale. See Gamma, and Ut.] (Mus.) The scale.

Gan, imp. of Gin. [See Gin, v. ] Began; commenced. Gan was formerly used with the infinitive to form compound imperfects, as did is now employed. Gan regularly denotes the singular; the plural is usually denoted by gunne or gonne.
"This man gan fall ( i.e., fell) in great suspicion." Chaucer.
"The little coines to their play gunne hie ( i. e., hied)." Chaucer. Later writers use gan both for singular and plural.
"Yet at her speech their rages gan relent." Spenser.

Ganch, v. t. [Cf. F. ganche, n. , also Sp. & Pg. gancho hook, It. gancio.] To drop from a high place upon sharp stakes or hooks, as the Turks dropped malefactors, by way of punishment.
"Ganching, which is to let fall from on high upon hooks, and there to hang until they die." Sandys.

Gander
Gan´der, n. [AS. gandra, ganra, akin to Prov. G. gander, ganter, and E. goose, gannet. See Goose.] The male of any species of goose.

Gang, v. i. [AS. gangan, akin to OS. & OHG. gangan, Icel. ganga, Goth. gaggan; cf. Lith. engti to walk, Skr. jagha leg. rad.48. Cf. Go.] To go; to walk. Obsolete in English literature, but still used in the North of England, and also in Scotland.

Gang, n. [Icel. gangr a going, gang, akin to AS., D., G., & Dan. gang a going, Goth. gaggs street, way. See Gang, v. i.]
1. A going; a course. [Obs.]
2. A number going in company; hence, a company, or a number of persons associated for a particular purpose; a group of laborers under one foreman; a squad; as a gang of sailors; a chain gang; a gang of thieves.
3. A combination of similar implements arranged so as by acting together, to save time or labor; a set; as a gang of saws, or of plows.
4. (Naut.) A set; all required for an outfit; as a new gang of stays.
5. [Cf. Gangue.] (Mining) The mineral substance which incloses a vein; a matrix; a gangue. Gang board, or Gang plank. (Naut.) (a) A board or plank, with cleats for steps, forming a bridge by which to enter or leave a vessel. (b) A plank within or without the bulwarks of a vessel’s waist, for the sentinel to walk on. — Gang cask, a small cask in which to bring water aboard ships or in which it is kept on deck. — Gang cultivator, Gang plow, a cultivator or plow in which several shares are attached to one frame, so as to make two or more furrows at the same time. — Gang days, Rogation days; the time of perambulating parishes. See Gang week (below). — Gang drill, a drilling machine having a number of drills driven from a common shaft. — Gang master, a master or employer of a gang of workmen. — Gang plank. See Gang board (above). — Gang plow. See Gang cultivator (above). — Gang press, a press for operating upon a pile or row of objects separated by intervening plates. — Gang saw, a saw fitted to be one of a combination or gang of saws hung together in a frame or sash, and set at fixed distances apart. — Gang tide. See Gang week (below). — Gang tooth, a projecting tooth. [Obs.] Halliwell. — Gang week, Rogation week, when formerly processions were made to survey the bounds of parishes. Halliwell. — Live gang, or Round gang, the Western and the Eastern names, respectively, for a gang of saws for cutting the round log into boards at one operation. Knight. — Slabbing gang, an arrangement of saws which cuts slabs from two sides of a log, leaving the middle part as a thick beam.

Gangetic
Gan•get´ic, a. Pertaining to, or inhabiting, the Ganges; as the Gangetic shark.

Gang-flower
Gang´-flow•er, n. (Bot.) The common English milkwort ( Polygala vulgaris), so called from blossoming in gang week. Dr. Prior.

Gangion
Gan´gion, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A short line attached to a trawl. See Trawl, n. { Gan´gli•ac, Gan´gli•al } a. (Anat.) Relating to a ganglion; ganglionic. { Gan´gli•ate, Gan´gli•a•ted } a. (Anat.) Furnished with ganglia; as the gangliated cords of the sympathetic nervous system. { Gan´gli•form•, Gan´gli•o•form• } a. [ Ganglion + -form.] (Anat.) Having the form of a ganglion.

Ganglionic
Gan•gli•on´ic, a. [Cf. F. ganglionique.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of, ganglia or ganglion cells; as a ganglionic artery; the ganglionic columns of the spinal cord.

Gangrel
Gan´grel, a. [Cf. Gang, v. i.] Wandering; vagrant. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Gangrene
Gan´grene, n. [F. gangrène, L. gangraena, fr. Gr., fr. to gnaw, eat; cf. Skr. gras, gar, to devour, and E. voracious, also canker, n. , in sense 3.] (Med.) A term formerly restricted to mortification of the soft tissues which has not advanced so far as to produce complete loss of vitality; but now applied to mortification of the soft parts in any stage.

Gangrene
Gan´grene, v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Gangrened p. pr. & vb. n. Gangrening.] [Cf. F. gangrener.] To produce gangrene in; to be affected with gangrene.

Gangrenous
Gan´gre•nous, a. [Cf. F. gangreneux.] Affected by, or produced by, gangrene; of the nature of gangrene.

Gangue, n. [F. gangue, fr. G. gang a metallic vein, a passage. See Gang, n. ] (Mining) The mineral or earthy substance associated with metallic ore.

Ganister
Gan´is•ter, Gan´nis•ter, n. (Mech.) A refractory material consisting of crushed or ground siliceous stone, mixed with fire clay; — used for lining Bessemer converters; also used for macadamizing roads.

Ganja
Gan´ja, n. [Hind. ganjha.] The dried hemp plant, used in India for smoking. It is extremely narcotic and intoxicating.

Gannet
Gan´net, n. [OE. gant, AS. ganet, ganot, a sea fowl, a fen duck; akin to D. gent gander, OHG. ganazzo. See Gander, Goose.] (Zoöl.) One of several species of sea birds of the genus Sula, allied to the pelicans. The common gannet of Europe and America ( S. bassana), is also called solan goose, chandel goose, and gentleman. In Florida the wood ibis is commonly called gannet. Booby gannet. See Sula.

Ganocephalous
Gan•o•ceph´a•lous, a. (Paleon.) Of or pertaining to the Ganocephala.

Ganoid
Ga´noid, a. [Gr. brightness + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to Ganoidei. — n. One of the Ganoidei. Ganoid scale (Zoöl.), one kind of scales of the ganoid fishes, composed of an inner layer of bone, and an outer layer of shining enamel. They are often so arranged as to form a coat of mail.

Ganoidal
Ga•noid´al, a. (Zoöl.) Ganoid.

Ganoidei
Ga•noi´de•i, n. pl. [NL. See Ganoid.] (Zoöl.) One of the subclasses of fishes. They have an arterial cone and bulb, spiral intestinal valve, and the optic nerves united by a chiasma. Many of the species are covered with bony plates, or with ganoid scales; others have cycloid scales. They were numerous, and some of them of large size, in early geological periods; but they are represented by comparatively few living species, most of which inhabit fresh waters, as the bowfin, gar pike, bichir, Ceratodus, paddle fish, and sturgeon.

Ganoine
Ga´no•ine, n. (Zoöl.) A peculiar bony tissue beneath the enamel of a ganoid scale.

Gansa
Gan´sa, n. Same as Ganza. Bp. Hall.

Gantlope
Gant´lope, n. See Gantlet. [Obs.]

Ganza
Gan´za, n. [Sp. gansa, ganso, goose; of Gothic origin. See Gannet, Goose.] A kind of wild goose, by a flock of which a virtuoso was fabled to be carried to the lunar world. [Also gansa.] Johnson.

Gape ( in Eng, commonly 277), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gaped ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gaping] [OE. gapen, AS. geapan to open; akin to D. gapen to gape, G. gaffen, Icel. & Sw. gapa, Dan. gabe; cf. Skr. jabh to snap at, open the mouth. Cf. Gaby, Gap.]
1. To open the mouth wide; as: (a) Expressing a desire for food; as young birds gape. Dryden. (b) Indicating sleepiness or indifference; to yawn.
"She stretches, gapes, unglues her eyes, And asks if it be time to rise." Swift. (c) Showing self-forgetfulness in surprise, astonishment, expectation, etc.
"With gaping wonderment had stared aghast." Byron. (d) Manifesting a desire to injure, devour, or overcome.
"They have gaped upon me with their mouth." Job xvi. 10.
2. To pen or part widely; to exhibit a gap, fissure, or hiatus.
"May that ground gape and swallow me alive!" Shak.
3. To long, wait eagerly, or cry aloud for something; — with for, after, or a. .
"The hungry grave for her due tribute gapes." Denham.
Syn. — To gaze; stare; yawn. See Gaze.

Gape, n.
1. The act of gaping; a yawn. Addison.
2. (Zoöl.) The width of the mouth when opened, as of birds, fishes, etc. The gapes. (a) A fit of yawning. (b) A disease of young poultry and other birds, attended with much gaping. It is caused by a parasitic nematode worm ( Syngamus trachealis), in the windpipe, which obstructs the breathing. See Gapeworm.

Gapesing
Gapes´ing, n. Act of gazing about; sightseeing. [Prov. Eng.]

Gapeworm
Gape´worm, n. (Zoöl.) The parasitic worm that causes the gapes in birds. See Illustration in Appendix.

Gapingstock
Gap´ing•stock, n. One who is an object of open-mouthed wonder.
"I was to be a gapingstock and a scorn to the young volunteers." Godwin.

Gap-toothed
Gap´-toothed, a. Having interstices between the teeth. Dryden.

Gar, n. [Prob. AS. gar dart, spear, lance. The name is applied to the fish on account of its long and slender body and pointed head. Cf. Goad, Gore, v. ] (Zoöl.) (a) Any slender marine fish of the genera Belone and Tylosurus. See Garfish. (b) The gar pike. See Alligator gar (under Alligator), and Gar pike. Gar pike, or Garpike (Zoöl.), a large, elongated ganoid fish of the genus Lepidosteus, of several species, inhabiting the lakes and rivers of temperate and tropical America.

Gar, v. t. [Of Scand. origin. See Gear, n. ] To cause; to make. [Obs. or Scot.] Spenser.

Garb, n. [OF. garbe looks, countenance, grace, ornament, fr. OHG. garawi, garwi, ornament, dress. akin to E. gear. See Gear, n. ]
1. (a) Clothing in general. (b) The whole dress or suit of clothes worn by any person, especially when indicating rank or office; as the garb of a clergyman or a judge. (c) Costume; fashion; as the garb of a gentleman in the 16th century.
2. External appearance, as expressive of the feelings or character; looks; fashion or manner, as of speech.
"You thought, because he could not speak English in the native garb, he could not therefore handle an English cudgel." Shak.

Garb, n. [F. gerbe, OF. also garbe, OHG. garba, G. garbe; cf. Skr. grbh to seize, E. grab.] (Her.) A sheaf of grain (wheat, unless otherwise specified).

Garb, v. t. To clothe; array; deck.
"These black dog-Dons Garb themselves bravely." Tennyson.

Garbage
Gar´bage ( 48), n. [OE. also garbash, perh. orig., that which is purged or cleansed away; cf. OF. garber to make fine, neat, OHG. garawan to make ready, prepare, akin to E. garb dress; or perh. for garbleage, fr. garble; or cf. OF. garbage tax on sheaves, E. garb sheaf.] Offal, as the bowels of an animal or fish; refuse animal or vegetable matter from a kitchen; hence, anything worthless, disgusting, or loathsome. Grainger.

Garbage
Gar´bage, v. t. To strip of the bowels; to clean. "Pilchards … are garbaged." Holland.

Garbed, a. Dressed; habited; clad.

Garbel
Gar´bel, n. (Naut.) Same as Garboard.

Garbel
Gar´bel, n. [Cf. Garble, v. t.] Anything sifted, or from which the coarse parts have been taken. [Obs.]

Garbler
Gar´bler, n. One who garbles.

Garboard
Gar´board, n. (Naut.) One of the planks next the keel on the outside, which form a garboard strake. Garboard strake or streak, the first range or strake of planks laid on a ship’s bottom next the keel. Totten.

Garboil
Gar´boil, n. [OF. garbouil; cf. Sp. garbullo, It. garbuglio; of uncertain origin; the last part is perh. fr. L. bullire to boil, E. boil.] Tumult; disturbance; disorder. [Obs.] Shak.

Garcinia
Gar•cin´i•a, n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, including the mangosteen tree ( Garcinia Mangostana), found in the islands of the Indian Archipelago; — so called in honor of Dr. Garcin.

Garçon
Gar•çon", n. [F.] A boy; fellow; esp., a serving boy or man; a waiter; — in Eng. chiefly applied to French waiters.

Gard, n. [See Garde, Yard] Garden. [Obs.] "Trees of the gard." F. Beaumont.

Gard, v. & n. See Guard.

Gardener
Gar´den•er, n. One who makes and tends a garden; a horticulturist.

Gardenia
Garde´ni•a, n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, some species of which produce beautiful and fragrant flowers; Cape jasmine; — so called in honor of Dr. Alexander Garden.

Gardening
Gar´den•ing, n. The art of occupation of laying out and cultivating gardens; horticulture.

Gardenless
Gar´den•less, a. Destitute of a garden. Shelley.

Gardenly
Gar´den•ly, a. Like a garden. [R.] W. Marshall.

Gardenship
Gar´den•ship, n. Horticulture. [Obs.]

Gardon
Gar´don, n. [F] (Zoöl.) A European cyprinoid fish; the id.

Gardyloo
Gar•dy•loo´, n. [F. gare l’eau beware of the water.] An old cry in throwing water, slops, etc., from the windows in Edingburgh. Sir. W. Scott.

Gare, n. [Cf. Gear.] Coarse wool on the legs of sheep. Blount.

Gargantuan
Gar•gan´tu•an ( 135), a. [From Gargantua, an allegorical hero of Rabelais.] Characteristic of Gargantua, a gigantic, wonderful personage; enormous; prodigious; inordinate.

Gargarism
Gar´ga•rism, n. [F. gargarisme, L. gargarisma. See Gargarize.] (Med.) A gargle.

Garget, n. [OE. garget, gargate, throat, OF. gargate. Cf. Gorge. The etymol. of senses 2, 3, & 4 is not certain.]
1. The throat. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. A diseased condition of the udders of cows, etc., arising from an inflammation of the mammary glands.
3. A distemper in hogs, indicated by staggering and loss of appetite. Youatt.
4. (Bot.) See Poke.

Gargol
Gar´gol, n. [Cf. Gargil.] A distemper in swine; garget. Mortimer.

Gargoyle
Gar´goyle, n. [OE. garguilie, gargouille, cf. Sp. gárgola, prob. fr. the same source as F. gorge throat, influenced by L. gargarizare to gargle. See Gorge and cf. Gargle, Gargarize.] (Arch.) A spout projecting from the roof gutter of a building, often carved grotesquely. [Written also gargle, gargyle, and gurgoyle.]

Garish
Gar´ish, a. [Cf. OE. gauren to stare; of uncertain origin. Cf. gairish.]
1. Showy; dazzling; ostentatious; attracting or exciting attention. "The garish sun." "A garish flag." Shak. "In … garish colors." Asham. "The garish day." J. H. Newman.
"Garish like the laughters of drunkenness." Jer. Taylor.
2. Gay to extravagance; flighty.
"It makes the mind loose and garish." South. — Gar´ish•ly, adv. — Garish•ness, n. Jer. Taylor.

Garlic
Gar´lic, n. [OE. garlek, AS. garleác; gar spear, lance + leác leek. See Gar, n. , and Leek.]
1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Allium ( A. sativum is the cultivated variety), having a bulbous root, a very strong smell, and an acrid, pungent taste. Each root is composed of several lesser bulbs, called cloves of garlic, inclosed in a common membranous coat, and easily separable.
2. A kind of jig or farce. [Obs.] Taylor (1630).Garlic mustard, a European plant of the Mustard family ( Alliaria officinalis) which has a strong smell of garlic. — Garlic pear tree, a tree in Jamaica ( Crataeva gynandra), bearing a fruit which has a strong scent of garlic, and a burning taste.

Garment
Gar´ment, n. [OE. garnement, OF. garnement, garniment, fr. garnir to garnish. See Garnish.] Any article of clothing, as a coat, a gown, etc.
"No man putteth a piece of new cloth unto old garment." Matt. ix. 16.

Garmenture
Gar´men•ture, n. Clothing; dress.

Garner
Gar´ner, n. [OE. garner, gerner, greiner, OF. gernier, grenier, F. grenier, fr. L. granarium, fr. granum. See 1st Grain, and cf. Granary.] A granary; a building or place where grain is stored for preservation.

Garner
Gar´ner, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Garnered p. pr. & vb. n. Garnering.] To gather for preservation; to store, as in a granary; to treasure. Shak.

Garnierite
Gar´ni•er•ite, n. [Named after the French geologist Garnier.] (Min.) An amorphous mineral of apple-green color; a hydrous silicate of nickel and magnesia. It is an important ore of nickel.

Garnish
Gar´nish, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Garnished p. pr. & vb. n. Garnishing.] [OE. garnischen, garnissen, OF. garnir to provide, strengthen, prepare, garnish, warn, F. garnir to provide, furnish, garnish, — of German origin; cf. OHG. warnon to provide, equip; akin to G. wahren to watch, E. aware, ware, wary, and cf. also E. warn. See Wary, -ish, and cf. Garment, Garrison.]
1. To decorate with ornamental appendages; to set off; to adorn; to embellish.
"All within with flowers was garnished." Spenser.
2. (Cookery) To ornament, as a dish, with something laid about it; as a dish garnished with parsley.
3. To furnish; to supply.
4. To fit with fetters. [Cant] Johnson.
5. (Law) To warn by garnishment; to give notice to; to garnishee. See Garnishee, v. t. Cowell.

Garnish
Gar´nish, n.
1. Something added for embellishment; decoration; ornament; also dress; garments, especially such as are showy or decorated.
"So are you, sweet, Even in the lovely garnish of a boy." Shak.
"Matter and figure they produce; For garnish this, and that for use." Prior.
2. (Cookery) Something set round or upon a dish as an embellishment. See Garnish, v. t., 2. Smart.
3. Fetters. [Cant]
4. A fee; specifically, in English jails, formerly an unauthorized fee demanded by the old prisoners of a newcomer. [Cant] Fielding. Garnish bolt (Carp.), a bolt with a chamfered or faceted head. Knight.

Garnishment
Gar´nish•ment, n. [Cf. OF. garnissement protection, guarantee, warning.]
1. Ornament; embellishment; decoration. Sir H. Wotton.
2. (Law) (a) Warning, or legal notice, to one to appear and give information to the court on any matter. (b) Warning to a person in whose hands the effects of another are attached, not to pay the money or deliver the goods to the defendant, but to appear in court and give information as garnishee.
3. A fee. See Garnish, n. , 4.

Garous
Ga´rous, a. [From Garum.] Pertaining to, or resembling, garum. Sir T. Browne.

Garreteer
Gar•ret•eer´, n. One who lives in a garret; a poor author; a literary hack. Macaulay.

Garreting
Gar´ret•ing, n. Small splinters of stone inserted into the joints of coarse masonry. Weale.

Garrison
Gar´ri•son, n. [OE. garnisoun, F. garnison garrison, in OF. & OE. also provision, munitions, from garnir to garnish. See Garnish.] (Mil.) (a) A body of troops stationed in a fort or fortified town. (b) A fortified place, in which troops are quartered for its security. In garrison, in the condition of a garrison; doing duty in a fort or as one of a garrison.

Garrison
Gar´ri•son, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Garrisoned p. pr. & vb. n. Garrisoning.] (Mil.) (a) To place troops in, as a fortification, for its defense; to furnish with soldiers; as to garrison a fort or town. (b) To secure or defend by fortresses manned with troops; as to garrison a conquered territory.

Garrote
Gar•rote´, n. [Sp. garrote, from garra claw, talon, of Celtic origin; cf. Armor. & W. gar leg, ham, shank. Cf. Garrot stick, Garter.] A Spanish mode of execution by strangulation, with an iron collar affixed to a post and tightened by a screw until life become extinct; also the instrument by means of which the punishment is inflicted.

Garrote
Gar•rote´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Garroted; p. pr. & vb. n. Garroting.] To strangle with the garrote; hence, to seize by the throat, from behind, with a view to strangle and rob.

Garrulity
Gar•ru´li•ty, n. [L. garrulitas: cf. F. garrulite.] Talkativeness; loquacity.

Garrulous
Gar´ru•lous, a. [L. garrulus, fr. garrire to chatter, talk; cf. Gr. voice, to speak, sing. Cf. Call.]
1. Talking much, especially about commonplace or trivial things; talkative; loquacious.
"The most garrulous people on earth." De Quincey.
2. (Zoöl.) Having a loud, harsh note; noisy; — said of birds; as the garrulous roller.
Syn. — Garrulous, Talkative, Loquacious. A garrulous person indulges in long, prosy talk, with frequent repetitions and lengthened details; talkative implies simply a great desire to talk; and loquacious a great flow of words at command. A child is talkative; a lively woman is loquacious; an old man in his dotage is garrulous. — Gar´ru•lous•ly, adv. — Gar´ru•lous•ness, n.

Garth (gärth), n. [Icel. garðr yard. See Yard.]
1. A close; a yard; a croft; a garden; as a cloister garth.
"A clapper clapping in a garth To scare the fowl from fruit." Tennyson.
2. A dam or weir for catching fish.

Garth, n. [Girth.] A hoop or band. [Prov. Eng.]

Garvie
Gar´vie, n. (Zoöl.) The sprat; — called also garvie herring, and garvock. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Gas (gas), n. ; pl. Gases (-ez). [Invented by the chemist Van Helmont of Brussels, who died in 1644.]
1. An aëriform fluid; — a term used at first by chemists as synonymous with air, but since restricted to fluids supposed to be permanently elastic, as oxygen, hydrogen, etc., in distinction from vapors, as steam, which become liquid on a reduction of temperature. In present usage, since all of the supposed permanent gases have been liquified by cold and pressure, the term has resumed nearly its original signification, and is applied to any substance in the elastic or aëriform state.
2. (Popular Usage) (a) A complex mixture of gases, of which the most important constituents are marsh gas olefiant gas and hydrogen, artificially produced by the destructive distillation of gas coal, or sometimes of peat, wood, oil, resin, etc. It gives a brilliant light when burned, and is the common gas used for illuminating purposes. (b) Laughing gas. (c) Any irrespirable aëriform fluid. Gas is often used adjectively or in combination; as gas fitter or gasfitter; gas meter or gas-meter, etc. Air gas (Chem.), a kind of gas made by forcing air through some volatile hydrocarbon, as the lighter petroleums. The air is so saturated with combustible vapor as to be a convenient illuminating and heating agent. — Gas battery (Elec.), a form of voltaic battery, in which gases, especially hydrogen and oxygen, are the active agents. — Gas carbon, Gas coke, etc. See under Carbon, Coke, etc. — Gas coal, a bituminous or hydrogenous coal yielding a high percentage of volatile matters, and therefore available for the manufacture of illuminating gas. R. W. Raymond. — Gas engine, an engine in which the motion of the piston is produced by the combustion or sudden production or expansion of gas; — especially, an engine in which an explosive mixture of gas and air is forced into the working cylinder and ignited there by a gas flame or an electric spark. — Gas fitter, one who lays pipes and puts up fixtures for gas. — Gas fitting. (a) The occupation of a gas fitter. (b) pl. The appliances needed for the introduction of gas into a building, as meters, pipes, burners, etc. — Gas fixture, a device for conveying illuminating or combustible gas from the pipe to the gas- burner, consisting of an appendage of cast, wrought, or drawn metal, with tubes upon which the burners, keys, etc., are adjusted. — Gas generator, an apparatus in which gas is evolved; as: (a) a retort in which volatile hydrocarbons are evolved by heat; (b) a machine in which air is saturated with the vapor of liquid hydrocarbon; a carburetor; (c) a machine for the production of carbonic acid gas for aërating water, bread, etc. Knight. — Gas jet, a flame of illuminating gas. — Gas machine, an apparatus for carbureting air for use as illuminating gas. — Gas meter, an instrument for recording the quantity of gas consumed in a given time, at a particular place. — Gas retort, a retort which contains the coal and other materials, and in which the gas is generated, in the manufacture of gas. — Gas stove, a stove for cooking or other purposes, heated by gas. — Gas tar, coal tar. — Gas trap, a drain trap; a sewer trap. See 4th Trap, 5. — Gas washer (Gas Works), an apparatus within which gas from the condenser is brought in contact with a falling stream of water, to precipitate the tar remaining in it. Knight. — Gas water, water through which gas has been passed for purification; — called also gas liquor and ammoniacal water, and used for the manufacture of sal ammoniac, carbonate of ammonia, and Prussian blue. Tomlinson. — Gas well, a deep boring, from which natural gas is discharged. Raymond. — Gas works, a manufactory of gas with all the machinery and appurtenances; a place where gas is generated for lighting cities. — Laughing gas. See under Laughing. — Marsh gas (Chem.), a light, combustible, gaseous hydrocarbon, CH₄, produced artificially by the dry distillation of many organic substances, and occurring as a natural product of decomposition in stagnant pools, whence its name. It is an abundant ingredient of ordinary illuminating gas and is the first member of the paraffin series. Called also methane, and in coal mines, fire damp. — Natural gas, gas obtained from wells, etc., in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and elsewhere, and largely used for fuel and illuminating purposes. It is chiefly derived from the Coal Measures. — Olefiant gas (Chem.). See Ethylene. — Water gas (Chem.), a kind of gas made by forcing steam over glowing coals, whereby there results a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This gives a gas of intense heating power, but destitute of light-giving properties, and which is charged by passing through some volatile hydrocarbon, as gasoline.

Gas, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gassed p. pr. & vb. n. Gassing.]
1. (Textiles) To singe, as in a gas flame, so as to remove loose fibers; as to gas thread.
2. To impregnate with gas; as to gas lime with chlorine in the manufacture of bleaching powder.

Gas, n. Gasoline. [Colloq.]

Gas engine. (Mach.) A kind of internal- combustion engine (which see) using fixed gas; also broadly, any internal-combustion engine. { Gas´o•line, or Gas"o•lene, en"gine }. (Mach.) A kind of internal-combustion engine; — in British countries called usually petrol engine.

Gasalier
Gas•a•lier´, n. [Formed from gas, in imitation of chande lier.] A chandelier arranged to burn gas.

Gas-burner
Gas´-burn•er, n. The jet piece of a gas fixture where the gas is burned as it escapes from one or more minute orifices.

Gascoines
Gas´coines, n. pl. See Gaskins, 1. Lyly.

Gascoynes
Gas´coynes, n. pl. Gaskins. Beau. & Fl.

Gaseity
Gas•e´i•ty, n. State of being gaseous. [R] Eng. Cyc.

Gaselier
Gas•e•lier´, n. [Formed from gas, in imitation of chande lier.] A chandelier arranged to burn gas.

Gaseous
Gas´e•ous (? or 277), a. [From Gas. Cf. F. gazeux.]
1. In the form, or of the nature, of gas or of an aëriform fluid.
2. Lacking substance or solidity; tenuous. "Unconnected, gaseous information." Sir J. Stephen.

Gashful
Gash´ful, a. Full of gashes; hideous; frightful. [Obs.] "A gashful, horrid, ugly shape." Gayton.

Gasification
Gas•i•fi•ca´tion, n. [See Gasify.] The act or process of converting into gas.

Gasify
Gas´i•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gasified p. pr. & vb. n. Gasifying.] [ Gas + -fy.] To convert into gas or an aëriform fluid, as by the application of heat, or by chemical processes.

Gasify
Gas´i•fy, v. i. To become gas; to pass from a liquid to a gaseous state. Scientific American.

Gasket
Gas´ket, n. [Cf. F. garcette, It. gaschetta, Sp. cajeta caburn, garceta reef point.]
1. (Naut.) A line or band used to lash a furled sail securely. Sea gaskets are common lines; harbor gaskets are plaited and decorated lines or bands. Called also casket.
2. (Mech.) (a) The plaited hemp used for packing a piston, as of the steam engine and its pumps. (b) Any ring or washer of packing.

Gaskins
Gas´kins, n. pl. [Cf. Galligaskins.]
1. Loose hose or breeches; galligaskins. [Obs.] Shak.
2. Packing of hemp. Simmonds.
3. A horse’s thighs. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

Gasogen
Gas´o•gen, n. [ Gas + - gen.]
1. An apparatus for the generation of gases, or for impregnating a liquid with a gas or a gas with a volatile liquid.
2. A volatile hydrocarbon, used as an illuminant, or for charging illuminating gas.

Gasolene
Gas•o•lene, n. See Gasoline.

Gasometry
Gas•om´e•try, n. The art or practice of measuring gases; also the science which treats of the nature and properties of these elastic fluids. Coxe.

Gasoscope
Gas´o•scope, n. [ Gas + - scope.] An apparatus for detecting the presence of any dangerous gas from a gas leak in a coal mine or a dwelling house.

Gasp, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gasped p. pr. & vb. n. Gasping.] [OE. gaspen, gaispen, to yawn, gasp, Icel. geispa to yawn; akin to Sw. gäspa, Dan. gispe to gasp.]
1. To open the mouth wide in catching the breath, or in laborious respiration; to labor for breath; to respire convulsively; to pant violently.
"She gasps and struggles hard for life." Lloyd.
2. To pant with eagerness; to show vehement desire.
"Quenching the gasping furrows’ thirst with rain." Spenser.

Gasp, v. t. To emit or utter with gasps; — with forth, out, away, etc.
"And with short sobs he gasps away his breath." Dryden.

Gasp, n. The act of opening the mouth convulsively to catch the breath; a labored respiration; a painful catching of the breath. At the last gasp, at the point of death. Addison.

Gaspereau
Gas´per•eau, n. (Zoöl.) The alewife. [Local, Canada]

Gasserian
Gas•se´ri•an, a. Relating to Casserio (L. Gasserius), the discover of the Gasserian ganglion. Gasserian ganglion (Anat.), a large ganglion, at the root of the trigeminal, or fifth cranial, nerve.

Gassing
Gas´sing, n.
1. (Manuf.) The process of passing cotton goods between two rollers and exposing them to numerous minute jets of gas to burn off the small fibers; any similar process of singeing.
2. Boasting; insincere or empty talk. [Slang]

Gassy
Gas´sy, a. Full of gas; like gas. Hence: [Colloq.] Inflated; full of boastful or insincere talk.

Gast, v. t. [OE. gasten, gsten to frighten, akin to Goth. usgaisjan. See Aghast, Ghastly, and cf. Gaze.] To make aghast; to frighten; to terrify. See Aghast. [Obs.] Chaucer. Shak.

Gasteromycetes
Gas•te•ro•my•ce´tes, n. pl. [NL., from Gr. stomach + a mushroom.] (Bot.) An order of fungi, in which the spores are borne inside a sac called the peridium, as in the puffballs.

Gasteropod
Gas´ter•o•pod, n. (Zoöl.) Same as Gastropod.

Gastness
Gast´ness, n. See Ghastness. [Obs.]

Gastraea
Gas•trae´a, n. [NL., from Gr.,, the stomach.] (Biol.) A primeval larval form; a double-walled sac from which, according to the hypothesis of Haeckel, man and all other animals, that in the first stages of their individual evolution pass through a two-layered structural stage, or gastrula form, must have descended. This idea constitutes the Gastraea theory of Haeckel. See Gastrula.

Gastric
Gas´tric, a. [Gr.,, stomach: cf. F. gastrique.] Of, pertaining to, or situated near, the stomach; as the gastric artery. Gastric digestion (Physiol.), the conversion of the albuminous portion of food in the stomach into soluble and diffusible products by the solvent action of gastric juice. — Gastric fever (Med.), a fever attended with prominent gastric symptoms; — a name applied to certain forms of typhoid fever; also to catarrhal inflammation of the stomach attended with fever. — Gastric juice (Physiol.), a thin, watery fluid, with an acid reaction, secreted by a peculiar set of glands contained in the mucous membrane of the stomach. It consists mainly of dilute hydrochloric acid and the ferment pepsin. It is the most important digestive fluid in the body, but acts only on proteid foods. — Gastric remittent fever (Med.), a form of remittent fever with pronounced stomach symptoms.

Gastriloquist
Gas•tril´o•quist, n. [Gr. gasth•r, gastro•s, stomach + L. loqui to speak.] One who appears to speak from his stomach; a ventriloquist.

Gastriloquous
Gas•tril´o•quous, a. Ventriloquous. [R.]

Gastriloquy
Gas•tril´o•quy, n. A voice or utterance which appears to proceed from the stomach; ventriloquy.

Gastritis
Gas•tri´tis, n. [NL., from. Gr.,, stomach + -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the stomach, esp. of its mucuos membrane.

Gastro-
Gas´tro- A combining form from the Gr.,, the stomach, or belly; as in gastrocolic, gastrocele, gastrotomy.

Gastrocnemius
Gas•troc•ne´mi•us, n. [NL., from Gr. the calf of the leg.] (Anat.) The muscle which makes the greater part of the calf of the leg.

Gastrocolic
Gas•tro•col´ic, a. [ Gastro- + colic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to both the stomach and the colon; as the gastrocolic, or great, omentum.

Gastrodisc
Gas•tro•disc, n. [ Gastro- + disc.] (Biol.) That part of blastoderm where the hypoblast appears like a small disk on the inner face of the epibladst.

Gastroduodenal
Gas•tro•du´o•de´nal, a. [ Gastro- + -duodenal.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and duodenum; as the gastroduodenal artery.

Gastroduodenitis
Gas•tro•du•o•de•ni´tis, n. [NL. See Gastroduodenal, and -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the stomach and duodenum. It is one of the most frequent causes of jaundice.

Gastroenteric
Gas•tro•en•te´ric, a. [ Gastro- + -enteric.] (Anat. & Med.) Gastrointestinal.

Gastroenteritis
Gas•tro•en•te•ri´tis, n. [NL. See Gastroenrteric, and -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the lining membrane of the stomach and the intestines.

Gastrohepatic
Gas•tro•he•pat´ic, a. [ Gastro- + -hepatic.] (Med.) Pertaining to the stomach and liver; hepatogastric; as the gastrohepatic, or lesser, omentum.

Gastrohysterotomy
Gas•tro•hys•ter•ot´o•my, n. [ Gastro- + Gr. womb + to cut.] (Surg.) Caesarean section. See under Caesarean.

Gastrolith
Gas•tro•lith, n. [ Gastro- + -lith.] (Zoöl.) See Crab’s eyes, under Crab.

Gastromalacia
Gas•tro•ma•la´ci•a, n. [NL., fr. Gr.,, stomach + softness, fr. soft.] (Med.) A softening of the coats of the stomach; — usually a post- morten change.

Gastromancy
Gas•tro•man´cy, n. [ Gastro- + -mancy: cf. F. gastromancy.] (Antiq.) (a) A kind of divination, by means of words seemingly uttered from the stomach. (b) A species of divination, by means of glasses or other round, transparent vessels, in the center of which figures are supposed to appear by magic art.

Gastromyces
Gas•tro•my´ces, n. [NL., fr. Gr.,, stomach +,, a fungus.] (Biol.) The fungoid growths sometimes found in the stomach; such as Torula, etc.

Gastromyth
Gas´tro•myth, n. [ Gastro- + Gr. to say, speak.] One whose voice appears to proceed from the stomach; a ventriloquist. [Obs.] { Gas´tro•nome, Gas•tron´o•mer } n. [F. gastronome, fr. Gr.,, stomach + law, to distribute.] One fond of good living; an epicure. Sir W. Scott.

Gastronomic
Gas•tro•nom´ic, Gas•tro•nom´ic•al, a. [Cf. F. gastronomique.] Pertaining to gastromony.

Gastronomist
Gas•tron´o•mist, n. A gastromomer.

Gastronomy
Gas•tron´o•my, n. [Gr. : cf. F. gastronomie.] The art or science of good eating; epicurism; the art of good cheer.

Gastrophrenic
Gas•tro•phren´ic, a. [ Gastro- + -phrenic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and diaphragm; as the gastrophrenic ligament.

Gastropneumatic
Gas•tro•pneu•mat´ic, a. [ Gastro- + pneumatic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the alimentary canal and air passages, and to the cavities connected with them; as the gastropneumatic mucuos membranes.

Gastropod
Gas´tro•pod, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Gastropoda. [Written also gasteropod.]

Gastropoda
Gas•trop´o•da, n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr.,, stomach + -poda.] (Zoöl.) One of the classes of Mollusca, of great extent. It includes most of the marine spiral shells, and the land and fresh-water snails. They generally creep by means of a flat, muscular disk, or foot, on the ventral side of the body. The head usually bears one or two pairs of tentacles. See Mollusca. [Written also Gasteropoda.] The Gastropoda are divided into three subclasses; viz.: ( a) The Streptoneura or Dioecia, including the Pectinibranchiata, Rhipidoglossa, Docoglossa, and Heteropoda. ( b) The Euthyneura, including the Pulmonata and Opisthobranchia. ( c) The Amphineura, including the Polyplacophora and Aplacophora.

Gastroraphy
Gas•tror´a•phy, n. [Gr.;,, stomach + a sewing, fr. to sew: cf. F. gastrorrhaphie.] (Surg.) The operation of sewing up wounds of the abdomen. Quincy.

Gastroscope
Gas´tro•scope, n. [ Gastro- + -scope.] (Med.) An instrument for viewing or examining the interior of the stomach.

Gastroscopic
Gas•tro•scop´ic, a. Of or pertaining to gastroscopy.

Gastroscopy
Gas•tros´co•py, n. (Med.) Examination of the abdomen or stomach, as with the gastroscope.

Gastrosplenic
Gas•tro•splen´ic, n. [ Gastro- + splenic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and spleen; as the gastrosplenic ligament.

Gastrostege
Gas•tros´tege, n. [ Gastro- + Gr. roof.] (Zoöl.) One of the large scales on the belly of a serpent.

Gastrostomy
Gas•tros´to•my, n. [ Gastro- + Gr. mouth.] (Surg.) The operation of making a permanent opening into the stomach, for the introduction of food.

Gastrotomy
Gas•trot´o•my, n. [ Gastro + Gr. to cut: cf. F. gastrotomie.] (Surg.) A cutting into, or opening of, the abdomen or the stomach.

Gastrotricha
Gas•trot´ri•cha, n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr. belly +,, hair.] (Zoöl.) A group of small wormlike animals, having cilia on the ventral side. The group is regarded as an ancestral or synthetic one, related to rotifers and annelids.

Gastrotrocha
Gas•trot´ro•cha, n. [NL., fr. Gr.,, stomach + a wheel.] (Zoöl.) A form of annelid larva having cilia on the ventral side.

Gastrovascular
Gas•tro•vas´cu•lar, a. [ Gastro- + -vascular.] (Zoöl.) Having the structure, or performing the functions, both of digestive and circulatory organs; as the gastrovascular cavity of cœlenterates.

Gastrula
Gas´tru•la, n. ; pl. Gastrulae (#) [NL., dim. fr. Gr. the stomach.] (Biol.) An embryonic form having its origin in the invagination or pushing in of the wall of the planula or blastula (the blastosphere) on one side, thus giving rise to a double- walled sac, with one opening or mouth (the blastopore) which leads into the cavity (the archenteron) lined by the inner wall (the hypoblast). See Illust. under Invagination. In a more general sense, an ideal stage in embryonic development. See Gastraea. — a. Of or pertaining to a gastrula.

Gastrura
Gas•tru´ra (gas•tru"ra), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gasth•r belly + o’yra• tail.] (Zoöl.) See Stomatopoda.

Gat (gat), imp. of Get. [Obs.]

Gate (gat), n. [OE. &yogh;et, &yogh;eat, giat, gate, door, AS. geat, gat, gate, door; akin to OS., D., & Icel. gat opening, hole, and perh. to E. gate a way, gait, and get, v. Cf. Gate a way, 3d Get.]
1. A large door or passageway in the wall of a city, of an inclosed field or place, or of a grand edifice, etc.; also the movable structure of timber, metal, etc., by which the passage can be closed.
2. An opening for passage in any inclosing wall, fence, or barrier; or the suspended framework which closes or opens a passage. also figuratively, a means or way of entrance or of exit.
"Knowest thou the way to Dover? Both stile and gate, horse way and footpath." Shak.
"Opening a gate for a long war." Knolles.
3. A door, valve, or other device, for stopping the passage of water through a dam, lock, pipe, etc.
4. (Script.) The places which command the entrances or access; hence, place of vantage; power; might.
"The gates of hell shall not prevail against it." Matt. xvi. 18.
5. In a lock tumbler, the opening for the stump of the bolt to pass through or into.
6. (Founding) (a) The channel or opening through which metal is poured into the mold; the ingate. (b) The waste piece of metal cast in the opening; a sprue or sullage piece. [Written also geat and git.] Gate chamber, a recess in the side wall of a canal lock, which receives the opened gate. — Gate channel. See Gate, 5. — Gate hook, the hook-formed piece of a gate hinge. — Gate money, entrance money for admission to an inclosure. — Gate tender, one in charge of a gate, as at a railroad crossing. — Gate valva, a stop valve for a pipe, having a sliding gate which affords a straight passageway when open. — Gate vein (Anat.), the portal vein. — To break gates (Eng. Univ.), to enter a college inclosure after the hour to which a student has been restricted. — To stand in thegate, or gates, to occupy places or advantage, power, or defense.