Fra (fra), adv. & prep. [OE.] Fro. [Old Eng. & Scot.]
Fra (fra), n. [It., for frate. See Friar.] Brother; — a title of a monk or friar; as Fra Angelo. Longfellow.
Fracas
Fra´cas (fra"k as; F. fra•kä"; 277), n. [F., crash, din, tumult, It. fracasso, fr. fracassare to break in pieces, perh. fr. fra within, among (L. infra) + cassare to annul, cashier. Cf. Cashier, v. t.] An uproar; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl.
Frache (frash), n. A shallow iron pan to hold glass ware while being annealed.
Fracid
Frac´id, a. [L. fracidus mellow, soft.] Rotten from being too ripe; overripe. [Obs.] Blount.
Fract (frakt), v. t. [L. fractus, p. p. of frangere to break.] To break; to violate. [Obs.] Shak.
Fracted
Frac´ted, a. (Her.) Having a part displaced, as if broken; — said of an ordinary. Macaulay.
Fraction
Frac´tion, n. [F. fraction, L. fractio a breaking, fr. frangere, fractum, to break. See Break.]
1. The act of breaking, or state of being broken, especially by violence. [Obs.]
"Neither can the natural body of Christ be subject to any fraction or breaking up." Foxe.
2. A portion; a fragment.
"Some niggard fractions of an hour." Tennyson.
3. (Arith. or Alg.) One or more aliquot parts of a unit or whole number; an expression for a definite portion of a unit or magnitude. Common, or Vulgar, fraction, a fraction in which the number of equal parts into which the integer is supposed to be divided is indicated by figures or letters, called the denominator, written below a line, over which is the numerator, indicating the number of these parts included in the fraction; as ½, one half, ⅖, two fifths. — Complex fraction, a fraction having a fraction or mixed number in the numerator or denominator, or in both. Davies & Peck. — Compound fraction, a fraction of a fraction; two or more fractions connected by of. — Continued fraction, Decimal fraction, Partial fraction, etc. See under Continued, Decimal, Partial, etc. — Improper fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator. — Proper fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator.
Fractural
Frac´tur•al ( 135), a. Pertaining to, or consequent on, a fracture. [R.]
Fracture
Frac´ture ( 135), n. [L. fractura, fr. frangere, fractum, to break: cf. F. fracture. See Fraction.]
1. The act of breaking or snapping asunder; rupture; breach.
2. (Surg.) The breaking of a bone.
3. (Min.) The texture of a freshly broken surface; as a compact fracture; an even, hackly, or conchoidal fracture. Comminuted fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which the bone is broken into several parts. — Complicated fracture (Surg.), a fracture of the bone combined with the lesion of some artery, nervous trunk, or joint. — Compound fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which there is an open wound from the surface down to the fracture. — Simple fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which the bone only is ruptured. It does not communicate with the surface by an open wound.
Syn. — Fracture, Rupture. These words denote different kinds of breaking, according to the objects to which they are applied. Fracture is applied to hard substances; as the fracture of a bone. Rupture is oftener applied to soft substances; as the rupture of a blood vessel. It is also used figuratively. "To be an enemy and once to have been a friend, does it not embitter the rupture?" South.
Fracture
Frac´ture ( 135), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fractured (#; 135); p. pr. & vb. n.. Fracturing.] [Cf. F. fracturer.] To cause a fracture or fractures in; to break; to burst asunder; to crack; to separate the continuous parts of; as to fracture a bone; to fracture the skull.
Fragile
Frag´ile, a. [L. fragilis, from frangere to break; cf. F. fragile. See Break, v. t., and cf. Frail, a. ] Easily broken; brittle; frail; delicate; easily destroyed.
"The state of ivy is tough, and not fragile." Bacon.
Syn. — Brittle; infirm; weak; frail; frangible; slight. — Frag´ile•ly, adv.
Fragility
Fra•gil´i•ty, n. [L. fragilitas: cf. F. fragilite. Cf. Frailty.]
1. The condition or quality of being fragile; brittleness; frangibility. Bacon.
2. Weakness; feebleness.
"An appearance of delicacy, and even of fragility, is almost essential to it [beauty]." Burke.
3. Liability to error and sin; frailty. [Obs.]
"The fragility and youthful folly of Qu. Fabius." Holland.
Fragment
Frag´ment, n. [L. fragmentum, fr. frangere to break: cf. F. fragment. See Break, v. t.] A part broken off; a small, detached portion; an imperfect part; as a fragment of an ancient writing.
"Gather up the fragments that remain." John vi. 12.
Fragmentarily
Frag´men•ta•ri•ly, adv. In a fragmentary manner; piecemeal.
Fragmentist
Frag´ment•ist, n. A writer of fragments; as the fragmentist of Wolfenbüttel. [R.]
Fraight, a. Same as Fraught. [Obs.] Spenser.
Frail, a. [ Compar. Frailer superl. Frailest.] [OE. frele, freile, OF. fraile, frele, F. frêle, fr. L. fragilis. See Fragile.]
1. Easily broken; fragile; not firm or durable; liable to fail and perish; easily destroyed; not tenacious of life; weak; infirm.
"That I may know how frail I am." Ps. xxxix. 4.
"An old bent man, worn and frail." Lowell.
2. Tender. [Obs.]
"Deep indignation and compassion." Spenser.
3. Liable to fall from virtue or be led into sin; not strong against temptation; weak in resolution; also unchaste; — often applied to fallen women.
"Man is frail, and prone to evil." Jer. Taylor.
Frailty
Frail´ty (fral"ty), n. ; pl. Frailties (-tiz). [OE. frelete, freilte, OF. frailete, fr. L. fragilitas. See Frail, a. , and cf. Fragility.]
1. The condition or quality of being frail, physically, mentally, or morally; frailness; infirmity; weakness of resolution; liableness to be deceived or seduced.
"God knows our frailty, [and] pities our weakness." Locke.
2. A fault proceeding from weakness; foible; sin of infirmity.
Syn. — Frailness; fragility; imperfection; failing.
Fraischeur
Frai´scheur, n. [OF.; F fraicheur, fr. frais, fem. fraîche, fresh; of German origin. See Frash, a. ] Freshness; coolness. [R.] Dryden.
Fraise, n. [See Froise.] A large and thick pancake, with slices of bacon in it. [Obs.] Johnson.
Fraken
Frak´en, n. A freckle. [Obs.]
"A few fraknes in his face." Chaucer.
Frambaesia
Fram•bae´si•a, n. [F. & NL., fr. F. framboise raspberry.] (Med.) The yaws. See Yaws.
Frame, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Framed p. pr. & vb. n. Framing.] [OE. framen, fremen, to execute, build, AS. fremman to further, perform, effect, fr. fram strong, valiant; akin to E. foremost, and prob. to AS. fram from, Icel. fremja, frama, to further, framr forward, G. fromm worthy, excellent, pious. See Foremost, From, and cf. Furnish.]
1. (Arch. & Engin.) To construct by fitting and uniting the several parts of the skeleton of any structure; specifically, in woodwork, to put together by cutting parts of one member to fit parts of another. See Dovetail, Halve, v. t., Miter, Tenon, Tooth, Tusk, Scarf, and Splice.
2. To originate; to plan; to devise; to contrive; to compose; in a bad sense, to invent or fabricate, as something false.
"How many excellent reasonings are framed in the mind of a man of wisdom and study in a length of years." I. Watts.
3. To fit to something else, or for some specific end; to adjust; to regulate; to shape; to conform.
"And frame my face to all occasions." Shak.
"We may in some measure frame our minds for the reception of happiness." Landor.
"The human mind is framed to be influenced." I. Taylor.
4. To cause; to bring about; to produce. [Obs.]
"Fear frames disorder, and disorder wounds." Shak.
5. To support. [Obs. & R.]
"That on a staff his feeble steps did frame." Spenser.
6. To provide with a frame, as a picture.
Frame, n.
1. Anything composed of parts fitted and united together; a fabric; a structure; esp., the constructional system, whether of timber or metal, that gives to a building, vessel, etc., its model and strength; the skeleton of a structure.
"These are thy glorious works, Parent of good,
Almighty! thine this universal frame." Milton.
2. The bodily structure; physical constitution; make or build of a person.
"Some bloody passion shakes your very frame." Shak.
"No frames could be strong enough to endure it." Prescott.
3. A kind of open case or structure made for admitting, inclosing, or supporting things, as that which incloses or contains a window, door, picture, etc.; that on which anything is held or stretched; as: (a) The skeleton structure which supports the boiler and machinery of a locomotive upon its wheels. (b) (Founding) A molding box or flask, which being filled with sand serves as a mold for castings. (c) The ribs and stretchers of an umbrella or other structure with a fabric covering. (d) A structure of four bars, adjustable in size, on which cloth, etc., is stretched for quilting, embroidery, etc. (e) (Hort.) A glazed portable structure for protecting young plants from frost. (f) (Print.) A stand to support the type cases for use by the compositor.
4. (Mach.) A term applied, especially in England, to certain machines built upon or within framework; as a stocking frame; lace frame; spinning frame, etc.
5. Form; shape; proportion; scheme; structure; constitution; system; as a frameof government.
"She that hath a heart of that fine frame
To pay this debt of love but to a brother." Shak.
"Put your discourse into some frame." Shak.
6. Particular state or disposition, as of the mind; humor; temper; mood; as to be always in a happy frame.
7. Contrivance; the act of devising or scheming. [Obs.]
"John the bastard
Whose spirits toil in frame of villainies." Shak. Balloon frame, Cant frames, etc. See under Balloon, Cant, etc. — Framebuilding or house, a building of which the form and support is made of framed timbers. [U.S.] — Frame level, a mason’s level. — Frame saw, a thin saw stretched in a frame to give it rigidity.
Framer
Fram´er, n. One who frames; as the framer of a building; the framers of the Constitution.
Franc, n. [F., fr. franc a Franc. See Frank, a. ] A silver coin of France, and since 1795 the unit of the French monetary system. It has been adopted by Belgium and Swizerland. It is equivalent to about nineteen cents, or ten pence, and is divided into 100 centimes.
Franchise
Fran´chise (? or 277), n. [F., fr. franc, fem. franche, free. See Frank, a. ]
1. Exemption from constraint or oppression; freedom; liberty. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. (LAw) A particular privilege conferred by grant from a sovereign or a government, and vested in individuals; an immunity or exemption from ordinary jurisdiction; a constitutional or statutory right or privilege, esp. the right to vote.
"Election by universal suffrage, as modified by the Constitution, is the one crowning franchise of the American people." W. H. Seward.
3. The district or jurisdiction to which a particular privilege extends; the limits of an immunity; hence, an asylum or sanctuary.
"Churches and mobasteries in Spain are franchises for criminals." London Encyc.
4. Magnanimity; generosity; liberality; frankness; nobility. "Franchise in woman." [Obs.] Chaucer. Elective franchise, the privilege or right of voting in an election of public officers.
Franchise
Fran´chise, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Franchised p. pr. & vb. n. Franchising.] [Cf. OF. franchir to free, F., to cross.] To make free; to enfranchise; to give liberty to. Shak.
Franchisement
Fran´chise•ment, n. [Cf. OF. franchissement.] Release; deliverance; freedom. Spenser.
Francic
Fran´cic, a. [See Frank, a. ] Pertaining to the Franks, or their language; Frankish.
Francolite
Fran´co•lite, n. (Min.) A variety of apatite from Wheal Franco in Devonshire.
Frangent
Fran´gent, a. [L. frangens, p. pr. of frangere. See Fraction.] Causing fracture; breaking. [R.] H. Walpole.
Frank, n. [OF. franc.] A pigsty. [Obs.]
Frank, v. t. To shut up in a frank or sty; to pen up; hence, to cram; to fatten. [Obs.] Shak.
Frank, n. (Zoöl.) The common heron; — so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.]
Frank, a. [ Compar Franker superl. Frankest.] [F. franc free, frank, L. Francus a Frank, fr. OHG. Franko the name of a Germanic people on the Rhine, who afterward founded the French monarchy; cf. AS. franca javelin, Icel. frakka. Cf. Franc, French, a. , Franchise, n. ]
1. Unbounded by restrictions, limitations, etc.; free. [R.] "It is of frank gift." Spenser.
2. Free in uttering one’s real sentiments; not reserved; using no disguise; candid; ingenuous; as a frank nature, conversation, manner, etc.
3. Liberal; generous; profuse. [Obs.]
"Frank of civilities that cost them nothing." L’Estrange.
4. Unrestrained; loose; licentious; — used in a bad sense. Spenser.
Syn. — Ingenuous; candid; artless; plain; open; unreserved; undisguised; sincere. See Candid, Ingenuous.
Frank, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Franked p. pr. & vb. n. Franking.]
1. To send by public conveyance free of expense. Dickens.
2. To extempt from charge for postage, as a letter, package, or packet, etc.
Frank, n. [See Frank, a. ] The privilege of sending letters or other mail matter, free of postage, or without charge; also the sign, mark, or signature denoting that a letter or other mail matter is to free of postage.
"I have said so much, that, if I had not a frank, I must burn my letter and begin again." Cowper.
Frank, n. [Cf. F. franc. See Frank, a. ]
1. (Ethnol.) A member of one of the German tribes that in the fifth century overran and conquered Gaul, and established the kingdom of France.
2. A native or inhabitant of Western Europe; a European; — a term used in the Levant.
3. A French coin. See Franc.
Frankalmoigne
Frank•al•moigne´, n. [F. franc free + Norm. F. almoigne alma, for almosne, F. aumône. See Frank, a. , and Almoner.] (Eng. Law) A tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands given to them and their successors forever, usually on condition of praying for the soul of the donor and his heirs; — called also tenure by free alms. Burrill.
Franklin
Frank´lin, n. [OE. frankelein; cf. LL. franchilanus. See Frank, a. ] An English freeholder, or substantial householder. [Obs.] Chaucer.
"The franklin, a small landholder of those days." Sir J. Stephen.
Franklinite
Frank´lin•ite, n. (Min.) A kind of mineral of the spinel group.
Frantic
Fran´tic, a. [OE. frentik, frenetik, F. frentique, L. phreneticus, from Gr. . See Frenzy, and cf. Frenetic, Phrenetic.] Mad; raving; furious; violent; wild and disorderly; distracted.
"Die, frantic wretch, for this accursed deed!" Shak.
"Torrents of frantic abuse." Macaulay. — Fran´tic•al•ly (#), adv. — Fran´tic•ly (#), adv. Shak. — Fran´tic•ness, n. Johnson.
Frap, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frapped p. pr. & vb. n. Frapping.] [Cf. F. frapper to strike, to seize ropes. Cf. Affrap.]
1. (Naut.) To draw together; to bind with a view to secure and strengthen, as a vessel by passing cables around it; to tighten; as a tackle by drawing the lines together. Tottem.
2. To brace by drawing together, as the cords of a drum. Knoght.
Frape, n. [Cf. frap, and Prov. E. frape to scold.] A crowd, a rabble. [Obs.] ares.
Frapler
Frap´ler, n. A blusterer; a rowdy. [Obs.]
"Unpolished, a frapler, and base." B. Jonson.
Frapping
Frap´ping, n. [From Frap.] (Naut.) A lashing binding a thing tightly or binding things together.
Fraternal
Fra•ter´nal, a. [F. fraternel, LL. fraternalis, fr. L. fraternus, fr. frater brother. See Brother.] Of, pertaining to, or involving, brethren; becoming to brothers; brotherly; as fraternal affection; a fraternal embrace. — Fra•ter´nal•ly, adv.
"An abhorred, a cursed, a fraternal war." Milton.
"Fraternal love and friendship." Addison.
Fraternize
Fra´ter•nize (? or 277), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Fraternized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.. Fraternizing (#).] [Cf. F. fraterniser.] To associate or hold fellowship as brothers, or as men of like occupation or character; to have brotherly feelings.
Fraternizer
Frat´er•ni•zer ( 277), n. One who fraternizes. Burke.
Fratery
Fra´ter•y, n. [L. frater brother: cf. It. frateria a brotherhood of monks. See Friar.] A frater house. See under Frater.
Fratricidal
Frat´ri•ci•dal, a. Of or pertaining to fratricide; of the nature of fratricide.
Frau, n. ; pl. Frauen (#). [G. Cf. 1st Frow.] In Germany, a woman; a married woman; a wife; — as a title, equivalent to Mrs. , Madam.
Fraud (frad), n. [F. fraude, L. fraus, fraudis; prob. akin to Skr. dhurv to injure, dhvr to cause to fall, and E. dull.]
1. Deception deliberately practiced with a view to gaining an unlawful or unfair advantage; artifice by which the right or interest of another is injured; injurious stratagem; deceit; trick.
"If success a lover’s toil attends,
Few ask, if fraud or force attained his ends." Pope.
2. (Law) An intentional perversion of truth for the purpose of obtaining some valuable thing or promise from another.
3. A trap or snare. [Obs.]
"To draw the proud King Ahab into fraud." Milton. Constructive fraud (Law), an act, statement, or omission which operates as a fraud, although perhaps not intended to be such. Mozley & W. — Pious fraud (Ch. Hist.), a fraud contrived and executed to benefit the church or accomplish some good end, upon the theory that the end justified the means. — Statute of frauds (Law), an English statute (1676), the principle of which is incorporated in the legislation of all the States of this country, by which writing with specific solemnities (varying in the several statutes) is required to give efficacy to certain dispositions of property. Wharton.
Syn. — Deception; deceit; guile; craft; wile; sham; strife; circumvention; stratagem; trick; imposition; cheat. See Deception.
Fraught (frat), n. [OE. fraight, fraght; akin to Dan. fragt, Sw. frakt, D. vracht, G. fracht, cf. OHG. freht merit, reward; perh. from a pref. corresponding to E. for + The root of E. own. Cf. Freight.] A freight; a cargo. [Obs.] Shak.
Fraught, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fraughted or Fraught; p. pr. & vb. n. Fraughting.] [Akin to Dan. fragte, Sw. frakta, D. bevrachten, G. frachten, cf. OHG. frehton to deserve. See Fraught, n. ] To freight; to load; to burden; to fill; to crowd. [Obs.]
"Upon the tumbling billows fraughted ride
The armed ships." Fairfax.
Fraughtage
Fraught´age ( 48), n. Freight; loading; cargo. [Obs.] Shak.
Fräulein
Fräu"lein, n.sing. & pl. [G., dim. of frau woman. See Frau.] In Germany, a young lady; an unmarried woman; — as a title, equivalent to Miss.
Fraxin
Frax´in, n. [From Fraxinus.] (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside, and found in the bark of the ash ( Fraxinus) and along with esculin in the bark of the horse-chestnut. It shows a delicate fluorescence in alkaline solutions; — called also paviin.
Fray, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frayed (frad); p. pr. & vb. n. Fraying.] [See 1st Fray, and cf. Affray.] To frighten; to terrify; to alarm. I. Taylor.
"What frays ye, that were wont to comfort me affrayed?" Spenser.
Fray, v. t. [Cf. OF. fraier. See Defray, v. t.] To bear the expense of; to defray. [Obs.]
"The charge of my most curious and costly ingredients frayed, I shall acknowledge myself amply satisfied." Massinger.
Fray, v. t. [OF. freier, fraier, froier, to rub. L. fricare; cf. friare to crumble, E. friable; perh. akin to Gr. chri•ein to anoint, chri^sma an anointing, Skr. ghrsh to rub, scratch. Cf. Friction.] To rub; to wear off, or wear into shreds, by rubbing; to fret, as cloth; as a deer is said to fray her head.
Fray, n. A fret or chafe, as in cloth; a place injured by rubbing.
Fraying
Fray´ing, n. (Zoöl.) The skin which a deer frays from his horns. B. Jonson.
Frazzle
Fraz´zle, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frazzled p. pr. & vb. n. Frazzling ] [Cf. G. faseln, and E. fray.] To fray; to wear or pull into tatters or tag ends; to tatter; — used literally and figuratively. [Prov. Eng. & U. S.]
"Her hair was of a reddish gray color, and its frazzled and tangled condition suggested that the woman had recently passed through a period of extreme excitement." J. C. Harris.
Freak (frek), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Freaked (frekt); p. pr. & vb. n. Freaking.] [Akin to OE. frakin, freken, freckle, Icel. freknur, pl., Sw. fräkne, Dan. fregne, Gr. perkno•s dark- colored, Skr. prçni variegated. Cf. Freckle, Freck.] To variegate; to checker; to streak. [R.]
"Freaked with many a mingled hue." Thomson.
Freak, n. [Prob. from OE. frek bold, AS. frec bold, greedly; akin to OHG. freh greedly, G. frech insolent, Icel. frekr greedy, Goth. faíhufriks avaricious.] A sudden causeless change or turn of the mind; a whim of fancy; a capricious prank; a vagary or caprice.
"She is restless and peevish, and sometimes in a freak will instantly change her habitation." Spectator.
Syn. — Whim; caprice; folly; sport. See Whim.
Freck, v. t. [Cf. Freak, v. t., Freckle.] To checker; to diversify. [R. & Poet.]
"The painted windows, frecking gloom with glow." Lowell.
Freckle
Frec´kle, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Freckled (-k’ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Freckling (-kling).] To sprinkle or mark with freckles or small discolored spots; to spot.
Freckle
Frec´kle (frek"k’l), v. i. To become covered or marked with freckles; to be spotted.
Freckledness
Frec´kled•ness (-k’ld•nes), n. The state of being freckled.
Freckly
Frec´kly (-kly), a. Full of or marked with freckles; sprinkled with spots; freckled.
Fred (fred), n. [AS. frið peace. See Frith inclosure.] Peace; — a word used in composition, especially in proper names; as Al fred; Frederic.
Fredstole
Fred´stole (-stol•), n. [Obs.] See Fridstol. Fuller.
Free (fre), a. [ Compar. Freer (-er); superl. Freest (-est).] [OE. fre, freo, AS. freó, fri; akin to D. vrij, OS. & OHG. fri, G. frei, Icel. fri, Sw. & Dan. fri, Goth. freis, and also to Skr. prija beloved, dear, fr. pri to love, Goth. frijon. Cf. Affray, Belfry, Friday, Friend, Frith inclosure.]
1. Exempt from subjection to the will of others; not under restraint, control, or compulsion; able to follow one’s own impulses, desires, or inclinations; determining one’s own course of action; not dependent; at liberty.
"That which has the power, or not the power, to operate, is that alone which is or is not free." Locke.
2. Not under an arbitrary or despotic government; subject only to fixed laws regularly and fairly administered, and defended by them from encroachments upon natural or acquired rights; enjoying political liberty.
3. Liberated, by arriving at a certain age, from the control of parents, guardian, or master.
4. Not confined or imprisoned; released from arrest; liberated; at liberty to go.
"Set an unhappy prisoner free." Prior.
5. Not subjected to the laws of physical necessity; capable of voluntary activity; endowed with moral liberty; — said of the will.
"Not free, what proof could they have given sincere
Of true allegiance, constant faith, or love." Milton.
6. Clear of offense or crime; guiltless; innocent.
"My hands are guilty, but my heart is free." Dryden.
7. Unconstrained by timidity or distrust; unreserved; ingenuous; frank; familiar; communicative.
"He was free only with a few." Milward.
8. Unrestrained; immoderate; lavish; licentious; — used in a bad sense.
"The critics have been very free in their censures." Felton.
"A man may live a free life as to wine or women." Shelley.
9. Not close or parsimonious; liberal; open- handed; lavish; as free with his money.
10. Exempt; clear; released; liberated; not encumbered or troubled with; as free from pain; free from a burden; — followed by from, or, rarely, by of.
"Princes declaring themselves free from the obligations of their treaties." Bp. Burnet.
11. Characteristic of one acting without restraint; charming; easy.
12. Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited; as a free horse.
13. Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; — followed by of.
"He therefore makes all birds, of every sect, Free of his farm." Dryden.
14. Thrown open, or made accessible, to all; to be enjoyed without limitations; unrestricted; not obstructed, engrossed, or appropriated; open; — said of a thing to be possessed or enjoyed; as a free school.
"Why, sir, I pray, are not the streets as free
For me as for you?" Shak.
15. Not gained by importunity or purchase; gratuitous; spontaneous; as free admission; a free gift.
16. Not arbitrary or despotic; assuring liberty; defending individual rights against encroachment by any person or class; instituted by a free people; — said of a government, institutions, etc.
17. (O. Eng. Law) Certain or honorable; the opposite of base; as free service; free socage. Burrill.
18. (Law) Privileged or individual; the opposite of common; as a free fishery; a free warren. Burrill.
19. Not united or combined with anything else; separated; dissevered; unattached; at liberty to escape; as free carbonic acid gas; free cells. Free agency, the capacity or power of choosing or acting freely, or without necessity or constraint upon the will. — Free bench (Eng. Law), a widow’s right in the copyhold lands of her husband, corresponding to dower in freeholds. — Free board (Naut.), a vessel’s side between water line and gunwale. — Free bond (Chem.), an unsaturated or unemployed unit, or bond, of affinity or valence, of an atom or radical. — Free-borough men (O.Eng. Law). See Friborg. — Free chapel (Eccles.), a chapel not subject to the jurisdiction of the ordinary, having been founded by the king or by a subject specially authorized. [Eng.] Bouvier. — Free charge (Elec.), a charge of electricity in the free or statical condition; free electricity. — Free church. (a) A church whose sittings are for all and without charge. (b) An ecclesiastical body that left the Church of Scotland, in 1843, to be free from control by the government in spiritual matters. — Free city, or Free town, a city or town independent in its government and franchises, as formerly those of the Hanseatic league. — Free cost, freedom from charges or expenses. South. — Free and easy, unconventional; unrestrained; regardless of formalities. [Colloq.] "Sal and her free and easy ways." W. Black. — Free goods, goods admitted into a country free of duty. — Free labor, the labor of freemen, as distinguished from that of slaves. — Free port. (Com.) (a) A port where goods may be received and shipped free of custom duty. (b) A port where goods of all kinds are received from ships of all nations at equal rates of duty. — Free public house, in England, a tavern not belonging to a brewer, so that the landlord is free to brew his own beer or purchase where he chooses. Simmonds. — Free school. (a) A school to which pupils are admitted without discrimination and on an equal footing. (b) A school supported by general taxation, by endowmants, etc., where pupils pay nothing for tuition; a public school. — Free services (O.Eng. Law), such feudal services as were not unbecoming the character of a soldier or a freemen to perform; as to serve under his lord in war, to pay a sum of money, etc. Burrill. — Free ships, ships of neutral nations, which in time of war are free from capture even though carrying enemy’s goods. — Free socage (O.Eng. Law), a feudal tenure held by certain services which, though honorable, were not military. Abbott. — Free States, those of the United States before the Civil War, in which slavery had ceased to exist, or had never existed. — Free stuff (Carp.), timber free from knots; clear stuff. — Free thought, that which is thought independently of the authority of others. — Free trade, commerce unrestricted by duties or tariff regulations. — Free trader, one who believes in free trade. — To make free with, to take liberties with; to help one’s self to. [Colloq.] — To sail free (Naut.), to sail with the yards not braced in as sharp as when sailing closehauled, or close to the wind.
Free, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Freed p. pr. & vb. n. Freeing.] [OE. freen, freoien, AS. freógan. See Free, a. ]
1. To make free; to set at liberty; to rid of that which confines, limits, embarrasses, oppresses, etc.; to release; to disengage; to clear; — followed by from, and sometimes by off; as to free a captive or a slave; to be freed of these inconveniences. Clarendon.
"Our land is from the rage of tigers freed." Dryden.
"Arise, … free thy people from their yoke." Milton.
2. To remove, as something that confines or bars; to relieve from the constraint of.
"This master key Frees every lock, and leads us to his person." Dryden.
3. To frank. [Obs.] Johnson.
Freebooter
Free´boot•er, n. [D. vrijbuiter, fr. vrijbuiten to plunder; vrij free + buit booty, akin to E. booty. See Free, and Booty, and cf. Filibuster.] One who plunders or pillages without the authority of national warfare; a member of a predatory band; a pillager; a buccaneer; a sea robber. Bacon.
Freebootery
Free´boot•er•y, n. The act, practice, or gains of a freebooter; freebooting. Booth.
Freeborn
Free´born, a. Born free; not born in vassalage; inheriting freedom.
Freedman
Freed´man, n. ; pl. Freedmen . A man who has been a slave, and has been set free.
Freedom
Free´dom (fre"dum), n. [AS. freódom; freófree + - dom. See Free, and -dom.]
1. The state of being free; exemption from the power and control of another; liberty; independence.
"Made captive, yet deserving freedom more." Milton.
2. Privileges; franchises; immunities.
"Your charter and your caty’s freedom." Shak.
3. Exemption from necessity, in choise and action; as the freedom of the will.
4. Ease; facility; as he speaks or acts with freedom.
5. Frankness; openness; unreservedness.
"I emboldened spake and freedom used." Milton.
6. Improper familiarity; violation of the rules of decorum; license.
7. Generosity; liberality. [Obs.] Chaucer. Freedom fine, a sum paid on entry to incorporations of trades. — Freedom of the city, the possession of the rights and privileges of a freeman of the city; formerly often, and now occasionally, conferred on one not a resident, as a mark of honorary distinction for public services.
Syn. — See Liberty.
Free-hand
Free´-hand, a. Done by the hand, without support, or the guidance of instruments; as free- hand drawing. See under Drawing.
Freehold
Free´hold, n. (LAw) An estate in real property, of inheritance (in fee simple or fee tail) or for life; or the tenure by which such estate is held. Kent. Burrill.To abate into a freehold. See under Abate.
Freeholder
Free´hold•er, n. (Law) The possessor of a freehold.
Free-living
Free´-liv•ing, n. Unrestrained indulgence of the appetites.
Free-lover
Free´-lov•er, n. One who believes in or practices free-love.
Freeman
Free´man, n. ; pl. Freemen (#). [AS. freóman; freófree + mann man.]
1. One who enjoys liberty, or who is not subject to the will of another; one not a slave or vassal.
2. A member of a corporation, company, or city, possessing certain privileges; a member of a borough, town, or State, who has the right to vote at elections. See Liveryman. Burrill.
"Both having been made freemen on the same day." Addison.
Free-martin
Free´-mar•tin, n. (Zoöl.) An imperfect female calf, twinborn with a male.
Freemasonry
Free´ma•son•ry, n. The institutions or the practices of freemasons.
Free-minded
Free´-mind•ed, a. Not perplexed; having a mind free from care. Bacon.
Free-spoken
Free´-spo•ken, a. Accustomed to speak without reserve. Bacon. — Free´-spo•ken-ness, n.
Free-swimming
Free´-swim•ming, a. (Zoöl.) Swimming in the open sea; — said of certain marine animals.
Freethinker
Free´think•er, n. One who speculates or forms opinions independently of the authority of others; esp., in the sphere or religion, one who forms opinions independently of the authority of revelation or of the church; an unbeliever; — a term assumed by deists and skeptics in the eighteenth century.
"Atheist is an old-fashioned word: I’m a freethinker, child." Addison.
Syn. — Infidel; skeptic; unbeliever. See Infidel.
Free-tongued
Free´-tongued, a. Speaking without reserve. Bp. Hall.
Freewill
Free´will, a. Of or pertaining to free will; voluntary; spontaneous; as a freewill offering. Freewill Baptists. See under Baptist.
Freeze, n. (Arch.) A frieze. [Obs.]
Freeze, v. i. [ imp. Froze p. p. Frozen p. pr. & vb. n. Freezing.] [OE. fresen, freosen, AS. freósan; akin to D. vriezen, OHG. iosan, G. frieren, Icel. frjsa, Sw. frysa, Dan. fryse, Goth. frius cold, frost, and prob. to L. prurire to itch, E. prurient, cf. L. prna a burning coal, pruina hoarfrost, Skr. prushva ice, prush to spirt. 18. Cf. Frost.]
1. To become congealed by cold; to be changed from a liquid to a solid state by the abstraction of heat; to be hardened into ice or a like solid body. Water freezes at 32° above zero by Fahrenheit’s thermometer; mercury freezes at 40° below zero.
2. To become chilled with cold, or as with cold; to suffer loss of animation or life by lack of heat; as the blood freezes in the veins. To freeze up (Fig.), to become formal and cold in demeanor. [Colloq.]
Freeze, n. The act of congealing, or the state of being congealed. [Colloq.]
Freezing
Freez´ing, a. Tending to freeze; for freezing; hence, cold or distant in manner. — Frrez´ing•ly, adv. Freezing machine. See Ice machine, under Ice. — Freezing mixture, a mixture (of salt and snow or of chemical salts) for producing intense cold. — Freezing point, that degree of a thermometer at which a fluid begins to freeze; — applied particularly to water, whose freezing point is at 32° Fahr., and at 0° Centigrade.
Freight (frat), n. [F. fret, OHG. freht merit, reward. See Fraught, n. ]
1. That with which anything is fraught or laden for transportation; lading; cargo, especially of a ship, or a car on a railroad, etc.; as a freight of cotton; a full freight.
2. (Law) (a) The sum paid by a party hiring a ship or part of a ship for the use of what is thus hired. (b) The price paid a common carrier for the carriage of goods. Wharton.
3. Freight transportation, or freight line.
Freight (frat), a. Employed in the transportation of freight; having to do with freight; as a freight car. Freight agent, a person employed by a transportation company to receive, forward, or deliver goods. — Freight car. See under Car. — Freight train, a railroad train made up of freight cars; — called in England goods train.
Freight, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Freighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Freighting.] [Cf. F. freter.] To load with goods, as a ship, or vehicle of any kind, for transporting them from one place to another; to furnish with freight; as to freight a ship; to freight a car.
Freiherr
Frei´herr, n. ; pl. Freiherrn (#). [G., lit., free lord.] In Germany and Austria, a baron.
Fren (fren), n. [OE. frenne, contr. fr. forrene foreign. See Foreign, a. ] A stranger. [Obs.] Spenser.
French (french), a. [AS. frencisc, LL. franciscus, from L. Francus a Frank: cf. OF. franceis, franchois, françois, F. français. See Frank, a. , and cf. Frankish.] Of or pertaining to France or its inhabitants. French bean ( Bot.), the common kidney bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris). — French berry (Bot.), the berry of a species of buckthorn ( Rhamnus catharticus), which affords a saffron, green or purple pigment. — French casement (Arch.) See French window, under Window. — French chalk (Min.), a variety of granular talc; — used for drawing lines on cloth, etc. See under Chalk. — French cowslip (Bot.) The Primula Auricula. See Bear’s- ear. — French fake (Naut.), a mode of coiling a rope by running it backward and forward in parallel bends, so that it may run freely. — French honeysuckle (Bot.) a plant of the genus Hedysarum ( H. coronarium); — called also garland honeysuckle. — French horn, a metallic wind instrument, consisting of a long tube twisted into circular folds and gradually expanding from the mouthpiece to the end at which the sound issues; — called in France cor de chasse. — French leave, an informal, hasty, or secret departure; esp., the leaving a place without paying one’s debts. — French pie [ French (here used in sense of "foreign") + pie a magpie (in allusion to its black and white color)] (Zoöl.), the European great spotted woodpecker ( Dryobstes major); — called also wood pie. — French polish. (a) A preparation for the surface of woodwork, consisting of gums dissolved in alcohol, either shellac alone, or shellac with other gums added. (b) The glossy surface produced by the application of the above. — French purple, a dyestuff obtained from lichens and used for coloring woolen and silken fabrics, without the aid of mordants. Ure. — French red rouge. — French rice, amelcorn. — French roof (Arch.), a modified form of mansard roof having a nearly flat deck for the upper slope. - - French tub, a dyer’s mixture of protochloride of tin and logwood; — called also plum tub. Ure. — French window. See under Window.
French, n.
1. The language spoken in France.
2. Collectively, the people of France.
Frenchify
French´i•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frenchified p. pr. & vb. n. Frenchifying.] [ French + -fy.] To make French; to infect or imbue with the manners or tastes of the French; to Gallicize. Burke.
Frenchman
French´man, n. ; pl. Frenchmen . A native or one of the people of France.
Frenetic
Fre•net´ic, a. [See Frantic, a. ] Distracted; mad; frantic; phrenetic. Milton.
Frenetical
Fre•net´ic•al, a. Frenetic; frantic; frenzied. — Frenet´ic•al•ly, adv.
Frenum
Fre´num, n. ; pl. E. Frenums (#), L. Frena (#). [L., a bridle.]
1. (Zoöl.) A cheek stripe of color.
2. (Anat.) Same as Fraenum.
Frenzical
Fren´zi•cal (fren"zi•k al), a. Frantic. [Obs.] Orrery.
Frenzy
Fren´zy (-zy), n. ; pl. Frenzies (-ziz). [OE. frenesie, fransey, F. frenesie, L. phrenesis, fr. Gr. fre•nhsis for freni^tis disease of the mind, phrenitis, fr. frhn mind. Cf. Frantic, Phrenitis.] Any violent agitation of the mind approaching to distraction; violent and temporary derangement of the mental faculties; madness; rage.
"All else is towering frenzy and distraction." Addison.
"The poet’s eye in a fine frenzy rolling." Shak.
Syn. — Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; alienation; aberration; delirium. See Insanity.
Frenzy
Fren´zy, v. t. To affect with frenzy; to drive to madness [R.] "Frenzying anguish." Southey.
Frequence
Fre´quence, n. [See Frequency.]
1. A crowd; a throng; a concourse. [Archaic.] Tennyson.
2. Frequency; abundance. [R.] Bp. Hall.
Frequency
Fre´quen•cy, n. ; pl. Frequencies (#). [L. frequentia numerous attendance, multitude: cf. F. frequence. See Frequent.]
1. The condition of returning frequently; occurrence often repeated; common occurence; as the frequency of crimes; the frequency of miracles.
"The reasons that moved her to remove were, because Rome was a place of riot and luxury, her soul being almost stifled with, the frequencies of ladies’ visits." Fuller.
2. A crowd; a throng. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Frequent
Fre´quent, a. [L. frequens, -entis, crowded, frequent, akin to farcire to stuff: cf. F. frequent. Cf. Farce, n. ]
1. Often to be met with; happening at short intervals; often repeated or occurring; as frequent visits. "Frequent feudal towers." Byron.
2. Addicted to any course of conduct; inclined to indulge in any practice; habitual; persistent.
"He has been loud and frequent in declaring himself hearty for the government." Swift.
3. Full; crowded; thronged. [Obs.]
"’T is Caesar’s will to have a frequent senate." B. Jonson.
4. Often or commonly reported. [Obs.]
"’T is frequent in the city he hath subdued
The Catti and the Daci." Massinger.
Frequent
Fre•quent´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frequented; p. pr. & vb. n. Frequenting.] [L. frequentare: cf. F. frequenter. See Frequent, a. ]
1. To visit often; to resort to often or habitually.
"He frequented the court of Augustus." Dryden.
2. To make full; to fill. [Obs.]
"With their sighs the air Frequenting, sent from hearts contrite." Milton.
Frequentage
Fre•quent´age, n. The practice or habit of frequenting. [R.] Southey.
Frequenter
Fre•quent•er, n. One who frequents; one who often visits, or resorts to customarily.
Frequentness
Fre´quent•ness, n. The quality of being frequent.
Frère, n. [F. See Friar.] A friar. Chaucer.
Frescade
Fres´cade, n. [See Fresco, Fresh, a. ] A cool walk; shady place. [R.] Maunder.
Fresco
Fres´co, n. ; pl. Frescoes or Frescos (#). [It., fr. fresco fresh; of German origin. See Fresh, a. ]
1. A cool, refreshing state of the air; duskiness; coolness; shade. [R.] Prior.
2. (Fine Arts) (a) The art of painting on freshly spread plaster, before it dries. (b) In modern parlance, incorrectly applied to painting on plaster in any manner. (c) A painting on plaster in either of senses a and b.
Fresco
Fres´co, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frescoed p. pr. & vb. n. Frescoing.] To paint in fresco, as walls.
Fresh (fresh), a. [ Compar. Fresher (-er); superl. Freshest.] [OE. fresch, AS. fersc; akin to D. versch, G. frisch, OHG. frisc, Sw. frisk, Dan. frisk, fersk, Icel. friskr frisky, brisk, ferskr fresh; cf. It. fresco, OF. fres, freis, fem. freske, fresche, F. frais, fem. fraîche, which are of German origin. Cf. Fraischeur, Fresco, Frisk.]
1. Possessed of original life and vigor; new and strong; unimpaired; sound.
2. New; original; additional. "Fear of fresh mistakes." Sir W. Scott.
"A fresh pleasure in every fresh posture of the limbs." Landor.
3. Lately produced, gathered, or prepared for market; not stale; not dried or preserved; not wilted, faded, or tainted; in good condition; as fresh vegetables, flowers, eggs, meat, fruit, etc.; recently made or obtained; occurring again; repeated; as a fresh supply of goods; fresh tea, raisins, etc.; lately come or made public; as fresh news; recently taken from a well or spring; as fresh water.
4. Youthful; florid; as these fresh nymphs. Shak.
5. In a raw, green, or untried state; uncultivated; uncultured; unpracticed; as a fresh hand on a ship.
6. Renewed in vigor, alacrity, or readiness for action; as fresh for a combat; hence, tending to renew in vigor; rather strong; cool or brisk; as a fresh wind.
7. Not salt; as fresh water, in distinction from that which is from the sea, or brackish; fresh meat, in distinction from that which is pickled or salted. Fresh breeze (Naut.), a breeze between a moderate and a strong breeze; one blowinq about twenty miles an hour. — Fresh gale, a gale blowing about forty-five miles an hour. — Fresh way (Naut.), increased speed.
Syn. — Sound; unimpaired; recent; unfaded: ruddy; florid; sweet; good: inexperienced; unpracticed: unused; lively; vigorous; strong.
Freshen
Fresh´en, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Freshened p. pr. & vb. n. Freshening ]
1. To make fresh; to separate, as water, from saline ingredients; to make less salt; as to freshen water, fish, or flesh.
2. To refresh; to revive. [Obs.] Spenser.
3. (Naut.) To relieve, as a rope, by change of place where friction wears it; or to renew, as the material used to prevent chafing; as to freshen a hawse. Totten. To freshen ballast (Naut.), to shift Or restore it. — To freshen the hawse, to pay out a little more cable, so as to bring the chafe on another part. — To freshen the way, to increase the speed of a vessel. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Freshet
Fresh´et, n. [OE. fresche flood + -et. See Fresh, a. ]
1. A stream of fresh water. [Obs.] Milton.
2. A flood or overflowing of a stream caused by heavy rains or melted snow; a sudden inundation.
"Cracked the sky, as ice in rivers
When the freshet is at highest." Longfellow.
Freshmanship
Fresh´man•ship, n. The state of being a freshman.
Fresnel lens
Fres•nel" lens" [See Fresnel lamp.] (Optics) See under Lens.
Fret (fret), n. [Obs.] See 1st Frith.
Fret (fret), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fretted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fretting.] [OE. freten to eat, consume; AS. fretan, for foretan; pref. for- + etan to eat; akin to D. vreten, OHG. frezzan, G. fressen, Sw. fräta, Goth. fra-itan. See For, and Eat, v. t.]
1. To devour. [Obs.]
"The sow frete the child right in the cradle." Chaucer.
2. To rub; to wear away by friction; to chafe; to gall; hence, to eat away; to gnaw; as to fret cloth; to fret a piece of gold or other metal; a worm frets the plants of a ship.
"With many a curve my banks I fret." Tennyson.
3. To impair; to wear away; to diminish.
"By starts
His fretted fortunes give him hope and fear." Shak.
4. To make rough, agitate, or disturb; to cause to ripple; as to fret the surface of water.
5. To tease; to irritate; to vex.
"Fret not thyself because of evil doers." Ps. xxxvii. 1.
Fret, n.
1. Ornamental work in relief, as carving or embossing. See Fretwork.
2. (Arch.) An ornament consisting of small fillets or slats intersecting each other or bent at right angles, as in classical designs, or at oblique angles, as often in Oriental art.
"His lady’s cabinet is a adorned on the fret, ceiling, and chimney-piece with … carving." Evelyn.
3. The reticulated headdress or net, made of gold or silver wire, in which ladies in the Middle Ages confined their hair.
"A fret of gold she had next her hair." Chaucer. Fret saw, a saw with a long, narrow blade, used in cutting frets, scrolls, etc.; a scroll saw; a keyhole saw; a compass saw.
Fret, v. t. To furnish with frets, as an instrument of music.
Fretful
Fret´ful, a. [See 2d Fret.] Disposed to fret; ill-humored; peevish; angry; in a state of vexation; as a fretful temper. — Fret´ful•ly, adv. — Fret´ful•ness, n.
Syn. — Peevish; ill-humored; ill-natured; irritable; waspish; captious; petulant; splenetic; spleeny; passionate; angry. - - Fretful, Peevish, Cross. These words all indicate an unamiable working and expression of temper. Peevish marks more especially the inward spirit: a peevish man is always ready to find fault. Fretful points rather to the outward act, and marks a complaining impatience: sickly children are apt to be fretful. Crossness is peevishness mingled with vexation or anger.
Frett, n. [See 2d Fret.] (Mining) The worn side of the bank of a river. See 4th Fret, n. , 4.
Frett, n. [See Frit.] A vitreous compound, used by potters in glazing, consisting of lime, silica, borax, lead, and soda.
Fretted
Fret´ted, p. p. & a. [From 2d Fret.]
1. Rubbed or worn away; chafed.
2. Agitated; vexed; worried.
Fretted
Fret´ted, p. p. & a. [See 5th Fret.]
1. Ornamented with fretwork; furnished with frets; variegated; made rough on the surface.
2. (Her.) Interlaced one with another; — said of charges and ordinaries.
Fretty
Fret´ty, a. [See 5th Fret.] Adorned with fretwork.
Fretum
Fre´tum, n. ; pl. Freta (#). [L.] A strait, or arm of the sea.
Friabiiity
Fri´a•bii´i•ty, n. [Cf. F. friabilite.] The quality of being friable; friableness. Locke.
Friar
Fri´ar, n. [OR. frere, F. frère brother, friar, fr. L. frater brother. See Brother.]
1. (R. C. Ch.) A brother or member of any religious order, but especially of one of the four mendicant orders, viz: (a) Minors, Gray Friars, or Franciscans. (b) Augustines. (c) Dominicans or Black Friars. (d) White Friars or Carmelites. See these names in the Vocabulary.
2. (Print.) A white or pale patch on a printed page.
3. (Zoöl.) An American fish; the silversides. Friar bird (Zoöl.), an Australian bird ( Tropidorhynchus corniculatus), having the head destitute of feathers; — called also coldong, leatherhead, pimlico; poor soldier, and four- o’clock. The name is also applied to several other species of the same genus. — Friar’s balsam (Med.), a stimulating application for wounds and ulcers, being an alcoholic solution of benzoin, styrax, tolu balsam, and aloes; compound tincture of benzoin. Brande & C. — Friar’s cap (Bot.), the monkshood. — Friar’s cowl (Bot.), an arumlike plant ( Arisarum vulgare) with a spathe or involucral leaf resembling a cowl. — Friar’s lantern, the ignis fatuus or Will-o’-the-wisp. Milton. — Friar skate (Zoöl.), the European white or sharpnosed skate ( Raia alba); — called also Burton skate, border ray, scad, and doctor.
Friary
Fri´ar•y, a. [From Friar, n. ] Like a friar; pertaining to friars or to a convent. [Obs.] Camden.
Friary
Fri´ar•y, n. [OF. frerie, frairie, fr. frère. See Friar.]
1. A monastery; a convent of friars. Drugdale.
2. The institution or practices of friars. Fuller.
Friation
Fri•a´tion, n. [See Friable.] The act of breaking up or pulverizing.
Fribble
Frib´ble, a. [Cf. F. frivole, L. frivolus, or E. frippery.] Frivolous; trifling; silly.
Fribble
Frib´ble, n. A frivolous, contemptible fellow; a fop.
"A pert fribble of a peer." Thackeray.
Fribbling
Frib´bling, a. Frivolous; trining; toolishly captious. { Fri´borg, Fri´borgh }, n. [AS. friðborh, lit., peace pledge; frið peace + borh, borg, pledge, akin to E. borrow. The first part of the word was confused with free, the last part, with borough.] (Old Eng. Law) The pledge and tithing, afterwards called by the Normans frankpledge. See Frankpledge. [Written also friburgh and fribourg.] Burril.
Fricace
Fric´ace, n. [See Fricassee.]
1. Meat sliced and dressed with strong sauce. [Obs.] King.
2. An unguent; also the act of rubbing with the unguent.
Fricassee
Fric´as•see, n. [F. fricassee, fr. fricasser to fry, fricassee; cf. LL. fricare, perh. for frictare, fricare, frictum, to rub. Cf. Fry, Friction.] A dish made of fowls, veal, or other meat of small animals cut into pieces, and stewed in a gravy.
Fricassee
Fric´as•see, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fricasseed p. pr. &. vb. n. Fricasseeing.] To dress like a fricassee.
Frication
Fri•ca´tion, n. [L. fricatio, fr. fricare, fricatum, to rub. ] Friction. [Obs.] Bacon.
Fricative
Fric´a•tive, a. [See Frication.] (Phon.) Produced by the friction or rustling of the breath, intonated or unintonated, through a narrow opening between two of the mouth organs; uttered through a close approach, but not with a complete closure, of the organs of articulation, and hence capable of being continued or prolonged; — said of certain consonantal sounds, as f, v, s, z, etc. — n. A fricative consonant letter or sound. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 197-206, etc.
Friction
Fric´tion, n. [L. frictio, fr. fricare, frictum,to rub: cf. F. friction. See Fray to rub, arid cf. Dentifrice.]
1. The act of rubbing the surface of one body against that of another; attrition; in hygiene, the act of rubbing the body with the hand, with flannel, or with a brush etc., to excite the skin to healthy action.
2. (Mech.) The resistance which a body meets with from the surface on which it moves. It may be resistance to sliding motion, or to rolling motion.
3. A clashing between two persons or parties in opinions or work; a disagreement tending to prevent or retard progress. Angle of friction (Mech.), the angle which a plane onwhich a body is lying makes with a horizontal plane,when the hody is just ready to slide dewn the plane. This angle varies for different bodies, and for planes of different materials. — Anti-friction wheels (Mach.), wheels turning freely on small pivots, and sustaining, at the angle formed by their circumferences, the pivot or journal of a revolving shaft, to relieve it of friction; — called also friction wheels. — Friction balls, or Friction rollers, balls or rollers placed so as to receive the pressure or weight of bodies in motion, and relieve friction, as in the hub of a bicycle wheel. — Friction brake (Mach.), a form of dynamometer for measuring the power a motor exerts. A clamp around the revolving shaft or fly wheel of the motor resists the motion by its friction, the work thus absorbed being ascertained by observing the force required to keep the clamp from revolving with the shaft; a Prony brake. — Friction chocks, brakes attached to the common standing garrison carriages of guns, so as to raise the trucks or wheels off the platform when the gun begins to recoil, and prevent its running back. Earrow. — Friction clutch, Friction coupling, an engaging and disengaging gear for revolving shafts, pulleys, etc., acting by friction; esp.: (a) A device in which a piece on one shaft or pulley is so forcibly pressed against a piece on another shaft that the two will revolve together; as in the illustration, the cone a on one shaft, when thrust forcibly into the corresponding hollow cone b on the other shaft, compels the shafts to rotate together, by the hold the friction of the conical surfaces gives. (b) A toothed clutch, one member of which, instead of being made fast on its shaft, is held by friction and can turn, by slipping, under excessive strain or in starting. — Friction drop hammer, one in which the hammer is raised for striking by the friction of revolving rollers which nip the hammer rod. — Friction gear. See Frictional gearing, under Frictional. — Friction machine, an electrical machine, generating electricity by friction. — Friction meter, an instrument for measuring friction, as in testing lubricants. — Friction powder, Friction composition, a composition of chlorate of potassium, antimony, sulphide, etc, which readily ignites by friction. — Friction primer, Friction tube, a tube used for firing cannon by means of the friction of a roughened wire in the friction powder or composition with which the tube is filled. — Friction wheel (Mach.), one of the wheels in frictional gearing. See under Frictional.
Friday
Fri´day, n. [AS. frigedaeg, fr. Frigu, the gooddes of marriage; friqu love + daeg day; cf. Icel. Frigg name of a goddess, the wife of Odin or Wodan, OHG. Friatag, Icel. Frjadagr. AS. frigu is prob. from the root of E. friend, free. See Free, and Day.] The sixth day of the week, following Thursday and preceding Saturday.
Fridge, v. t. [AS. frician to dance, from free bold. Cf. Freak, n. ] To rub; to fray. [Obs.] Sterne. { Frid´stol• (frid"stol•), Frith•stool´ (frith"stool•) }, n. [AS. friðstol. See Fred, and Stool.] A seat in churches near the altar, to which offenders formerly fled for sanctuary. [Written variously fridstool, freedstool, etc.] [Obs.]
Friend (frend), n. [OR. frend, freond, AS. freónd, prop. p. pr. of freón, freógan, to love; akin to D. vriend friend, OS. friund friend, friohan to love, OHG. friunt friend, G. freund, Icel. fraendi kinsman, Sw. frände. Goth. frijonds friend, frijon to love. rad.83. See Free, and cf. Fiend.]
1. One who entertains for another such sentiments of esteem, respect, and affection that he seeks his society and welfare; a wellwisher; an intimate associate; sometimes, an attendant.
"Want gives to know the flatterer from the friend." Dryden.
"A friend that sticketh closer than a brother." Prov. xviii. 24.
2. One not inimical or hostile; one not a foe or enemy; also one of the same nation, party, kin, etc., whose friendly feelings may be assumed. The word is some times used as a term of friendly address.
"Friend, how camest thou in hither?" Matt. xxii. 12.
3. One who looks propitiously on a cause, an institution, a project, and the like; a favorer; a promoter; as a friend to commerce, to poetry, to an institution.
4. One of a religious sect characterized by disuse of outward rites and an ordained ministry, by simplicity of dress and speech, and esp. by opposition to war and a desire to live at peace with all men. They are popularly called Quakers.
"America was first visited by Friends in 1656." T. Chase.
5. A paramour of either sex. [Obs.] Shak. A friendat court or in court, one disposed to act as a friend in a place of special opportunity or influence. — To be friends with, to have friendly relations with. "He’s … friends with Caesar." Shak. — To make friends with, to become reconciled to or on friendly terms with. "Having now made friends with the Athenians." Jowett (Thucyd.).
Friend, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Friended; p. pr. & vb. n. Friending.] To act as the friend of; to favor; to countenance; to befriend. [Obs.]
"Fortune friends the bold." Spenser.
Friended
Friend´ed, a.
1. Having friends; [Obs.]
2. Inclined to love; well-disposed. [Obs.] Shak.
Friendless
Friend´less, a. [AS. freóndleás.] Destitute of friends; forsaken. — Friend´less•ness, n.
Friendliness
Friend´li•ness, n. The condition or quality of being friendly. Sir P. Sidney.
Friendly
Friend´ly, a. [AS. freendlice.]
1. Having the temper and disposition of a friend; disposed to promote the good of another; kind; favorable.
2. Appropriate to, or implying, friendship; befitting friends; amicable.
"In friendly relations with his moderate opponents." Macaulay.
3. Not hostile; as a friendly power or state.
4. Promoting the good of any person; favorable; propitious; serviceable; as a friendly breeze or gale.
"On the first friendly bank he throws him down." Addison.
Syn. — Amicable; kind; conciliatory; propitious; favorable. See Amicable.
Friendship
Friend´ship, n. [AS. freóndscipe. See Friend, and -ship.]
1. The state of being friends; friendly relation, or attachment, to a person, or between persons; affection arising from mutual esteem and good will; friendliness; amity; good will.
"There is little friendship in the world." Bacon.
"There can be no friendship without confidence, and no confidence without integrity." Rambler.
"Preferred by friendship, and not chosen by sufficiency." Spenser.
2. Kindly aid; help; assistance, [Obs.]
"Some friendship will it [a hovel] lend you gainst the tempest." Shak.
3. Aptness to unite; conformity; affinity; harmony; correspondence. [Obs.]
"Those colors … have a friendship with each other." Dryden.
Frieze, n. [Perh. the same word as frieze a, kind of cloth. Cf. Friz.] (Arch.) (a) That part of the entablature of an order which is between the architrave and cornice. It is a flat member or face, either uniform or broken by triglyphs, and often enriched with figures and other ornaments of sculpture. (b) Any sculptured or richly ornamented band in a building or, by extension, in rich pieces of furniture. See Illust. of Column.
"Cornice or frieze with bossy sculptures graven." Milton.
Frieze, n. [F. frise, perh. originally a woolen cloth or stuff from Friesland (F. Frise); cf. LL. frisii panni and frissatus pannus, a shaggy woolen cloth, F. friser to friz, curl. Cf. Friz.] A kind of coarse woolen cloth or stuff with a shaggy or tufted (friezed) nap on one side. "Robes of frieze." Goldsmith.
Frieze, v. t. To make a nap on (cloth); to friz. See Friz, v. t., 2. Friezing machine, a machine for friezing cloth; a friezing machine.
Friezed, a. Gathered, or having the map gathered, into little tufts, knots, or protuberances. Cf. Frieze, v. t., and Friz, v. t., 2.
Friezer
Frie´zer, n. One who, or that which, friezes or frizzes.
Frigate
Frig´ate, n. [F. fregate, It. fregata, prob. contracted fr. L. fabricata something constructed or built. See Fabricate.]
1. Originally, a vessel of the Mediterranean propelled by sails and by oars. The French, about 1650, transferred the name to larger vessels, and by 1750 it had been appropriated for a class of war vessels intermediate between corvettes and ships of the line. Frigates, from about 1750 to 1850, had one full battery deck and, often, a spar deck with a lighter battery. They carried sometimes as many as fifty guns. After the application of steam to navigation steam frigates of largely increased size and power were built, and formed the main part of the navies of the world till about 1870, when the introduction of ironclads superseded them. [Formerly spelled frigat and friggot.]
2. Any small vessel on the water. [Obs.] Spenser. Frigate bird (Zoöl.), a web- footed rapacious bird, of the genus Fregata; — called also man-of-war bird, and frigate pelican. Two species are known; that of the Southern United States and West Indies is F. aquila. They are remarkable for their long wings and powerful flight. Their food consists of fish which they obtain by robbing gulls, terns, and other birds, of their prey. They are related to the pelicans. — Frigate mackerel (Zoöl.), an oceanic fish ( Auxis Rochei) of little or no value as food, often very abundant off the coast of the United States. — Frigate pelican. (Zoöl.) Same as Frigate bird.
Frigatoon
Frig´a•toon, n. [It. fregatone: cf. F. fregaton. See Frigate.] (Naut.) A Venetian vessel, with a square stern, having only a mainmast, jigger mast, and bowsprit; also a sloop of war ship- rigged.
Frigerate
Frig´er•ate, v. t. [L. frigerare, fr. frigus cold.] To make cool. [Obs.] Blount. { Frigg, Frig´ga } n. [Icel. Frigg. See Friday.] (Scand. Myth.) The wife of Odin and mother of the gods; the supreme goddess; the Juno of the Valhalla. Cf. Freya.
Fright (frit), n. [OE. frigt, freyht, AS. fyrhto, fyrhtu; akin to OS. forhta, OHG. forhta, forahta, G. furcht, Dan. frygt, Sw. fruktan, Goth. faúrhtei fear, faúrhts timid.]
1. A state of terror excited by the sudden appearance of danger; sudden and violent fear, usually of short duration; a sudden alarm.
2. Anything strange, ugly or shocking, producing a feeling of alarm or aversion. [Colloq.]
Syn. — Alarm; terror; consternation. See Alarm.
Fright, v. t. [ imp. Frighted; p. pr. & vb. n.. Frighting.] [OE. frigten to fear, frighten, AS. fyrhtan to frighten, forhtian to fear; akin to OS. forhtian, OHG. furihten, forahtan, G. fürchten, Sw. frukta, Dan. frygte, Goth. faurhtjan. See Fright, n. , and cf. Frighten.] To alarm suddenly; to shock by causing sudden fear; to terrify; to scare.
"Nor exile or danger can fright a brave spirit." Dryden.
Syn. — To affright; dismay; daunt; intimidate.
Frighten
Fright´en, v. t. [ imp. Frightened (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Frightening (#).] [See Fright, v. t.] To disturb with fear; to throw into a state of alarm or fright; to affright; to terrify.
"More frightened than hurt." Old Proverb.
Frightful
Fright´ful, a.
1. Full of fright; affrighted; frightened. [Obs.]
"See how the frightful herds run from the wood." W. Browne.
2. Full of that which causes fright; exciting alarm; impressing terror; shocking; as a frightful chasm, or tempest; a frightful appearance.
Syn. — Terrible; dreadful; alarming; fearful; terrific; awful; horrid; horrible; shocking. — Frightful, Dreadful, Awful. These words all express fear. In frightful, it is a sudden emotion; in dreadful, it is deeper and more prolonged; in awful, the fear is mingled with the emotion of awe, which subdues us before the presence of some invisible power. An accident may be frightful; the approach of death is dreadful to most men; the convulsions of the earthquake are awful.
Frightfully
Fright´ful•ly, adv. In a frightful manner; to a frightful dagree.
Frightfulness
Fright´ful•ness, n. The quality of being frightful.
Frightless
Fright´less, a. Free from fright; fearless. [Obs.]
Frigid
Frig´id, a. [L. frigidus, fr. frigere to be cold; prob. akin to Gr. to shudder, or perh. to cold. Cf. Frill.]
1. Cold; wanting heat or warmth; of low temperature; as a frigid climate.
2. Wanting warmth, fervor, ardor, fire, vivacity, etc.; unfeeling; forbidding in manner; dull and unanimated; stiff and formal; as a frigid constitution; a frigid style; a frigid look or manner; frigid obedience or service.
3. Wanting natural heat or vigor sufficient to excite the generative power; impotent. Johnson. Frigid zone, that part of the earth which lies between either polar circle and its pole. It extends 23 28 from the pole. See the Note under Arctic.
Frigidly
Frig´id•ly, adv. In a frigid manner; coldly; dully; without affection.
Frill, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Frilled p. pr. & vb. n. Frilling.] [OF. friller, fr. L. frigidulus somewhat cold, dim. of frigidus cold; akin to F. frileux chilly.]
1. To shake or shiver as with cold; as the hawk frills. Johnson.
2. (Photog.) To wrinkle; — said of the gelatin film.
Frill, n. [See Frill, v. i.]. (Zoöl.) (a) A ruffing of a bird’s feathers from cold. (b) A ruffle, consisting of a fold of membrane, of hairs, or of feathers, around the neck of an animal. See Frilled lizard (below). (c) A similar ruffle around the legs or other appendages of animals. (d) A ruffled varex or fold on certain shells.
2. A border or edging secured at one edge and left free at the other, usually fluted or crimped like a very narrow flounce.
Frimaire
Fri´maire, n. [F., fr. frimas hoarfrost.] The third month of the French republican calendar. It commenced November 21, and ended December 20., See Vendemiaire.
Fringe, n. [OF, fringe, F. frange, prob. fr. L. fimbria fiber, thread, fringe, cf. fibra fiber, E. fiber, fimbriate.]
1. An ornamental appendage to the border of a piece of stuff, originally consisting of the ends of the warp, projecting beyond the woven fabric; but more commonly made separate and sewed on, consisting sometimes of projecting ends, twisted or plaited together, and sometimes of loose threads of wool, silk, or linen, or narrow strips of leather, or the like.
2. Something resembling in any respect a fringe; a line of objects along a border or edge; a border; an edging; a margin; a confine.
"The confines of grace and the fringes of repentance." Jer. Taylor.
3. (Opt.) One of a number of light or dark bands, produced by the interference of light; a diffraction band; — called also interference fringe.
4. (Bot.) The peristome or fringelike appendage of the capsules of most mosses. See Peristome. Fringe tree (Bot.), a small tree ( Chionanthus Virginica), growing in the Southern United States, and having snow-white flowers, with long pendulous petals.
Fringe, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fringed p. pr. & vb. a. Fringing.] To adorn the edge of with a fringe or as with a fringe.
"Precipices fringed with grass." Bryant. Fringing reef. See Coral reefs, under Coral.
Fringed, a. Furnished with a fringe. Fringed lear (Bot.), a leaf edged with soft parallel hairs.
Fringent
Frin´gent, a. Encircling like a fringe; bordering. [R.] "The fringent air." Emerson.
Frippery
Frip´per•y, n. [F. friperie, fr. fruper. See Fripper.]
1. Coast-off clothes. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
2. Hence: Secondhand finery; cheap and tawdry decoration; affected elegance.
"Fond of gauze and French frippery." Goldsmith.
"The gauzy frippery of a French translation." Sir W. Scott.
3. A place where old clothes are sold. Shak.
4. The trade or traffic in old clothes.
Friseur’
Fri´seur’, n. [F., fr. friser to curl, frizzle. See Frizzle.] A hairdresser.
Frisian
Fri´sian, a. Of or pertaining to Friesland, a province of the Netherlands; Friesic.
Frisian
Fri´sian, n. A native or inhabitant of Friesland; also the language spoken in Friesland. See Friesic, n.
Frisk, a. [OF. frieque, cf. OHG. frise lively, brisk, fresh, Dan. & Sw. frisk, Icel. friskr. See Fresh, a. ] Lively; brisk; frolicsome; frisky. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Frisk, a. A frolic; a fit of wanton gayety; a gambol: a little playful skip or leap. Johnson.
Frisk, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Frisked p. pr. & vb. n. Frisking.] To leap, skip, dance, or gambol, in fronc and gayety.
"The frisking satyrs on the summits danced." Addison.
Frisket
Fris´ket, n. [F. frisguette. Perh. so named from the velocity or frequency of its motion. See Frisk a. ] (Print.) The light frame which holds the sheet of paper to the tympan in printing.
Friskiness
Frisk´i•ness, n. State or quality of being frisky.
Frisky
Frisk´y, a. Inclined to frisk; frolicsome; gay.
"He is too frisky for an old man." Jeffrey.
Frislet
Fris´let (friz"let), n. [Cf. Fraise a kind of defense; also Friz.] A kind of small ruffle. Halliwell.
Frisure
Fri´sure, n. [F.] The dressing of the hair by crisping or curling. Smollett.
Frit, n. [F. fritte, fr. frit fried, p. p. of frire to fry. See Far, v. t.]
1. (Glass Making) The material of which glass is made, after having been calcined or partly fused in a furnace, but before vitrification. It is a composition of silex and alkali, occasionally with other ingredients. Ure.
2. (Ceramics) The material for glaze of pottery. Frit brick, a lump of calcined glass materials, brought to a pasty condition in a reverberatory furnace, preliminary to the perfect vitrification in the melting pot.
Frit, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fritted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fritting.] To prepare by heat (the materials for making glass); to fuse partially. Ure.
Frith (frith), n. [OE. firth, Icel. fjörðr; akin to Sw. fjärd, Dan. fiord, E. ford. rad.78. See Ford, n. , and cf. Firth, Fiord, Fret a frith, Port a harbor.]
1. (Geog.) A narrow arm of the sea; an estuary; the opening of a river into the sea; as the Frith of Forth.
2. A kind of weir for catching fish. [Eng.] Carew.
Frith, n. [OE. frith peace, protection, land inclosed for hunting, park, forest, AS. frið peace; akin to frenoð peace, protection, asylum, G. friede peace, Icel. friðr, and from the root of E. free, friend. See Free, a. , and cf. Affray, Defray.]
1. A forest; a woody place. [Obs.] Drayton.
2. A small field taken out of a common, by inclosing it; an inclosure. [Obs.] Sir J. Wynne.
Fritillaria
Frit´il•la•ri•a, n. [NL., fr. L. fritillus dicebox: cf. F. fritillaire. So named from the checkered markings of the petals.] (Bot.) A genus of liliaceous plants, of which the crown-imperial ( Fritillaria imperialis) is one species, and the Guinea-hen flower ( F. Meleagris) another. See Crown-imperial.
Fritillary
Frit´il•la•ry, n.
1. (Bot.) A plant with checkered petals, of the genus Fritillaria: the Guinea-hen flower. See Fritillaria.
2. (Zoöl.) One of several species of butterflies belonging to Argynnis and allied genera; — so called because the coloring of their wings resembles that of the common Fritillaria. See Aphrodite.
Fritter
Frit´ter, n. [OR. fritour, friture, pancake, F. friture frying, a thing fried, from frire to fry. See Far, v. t.]
1. A small quantity of batter, fried in boiling lard or in a frying pan. Fritters are of various kinds, named from the substance inclosed in the batter; as apple fritters, clam fritters, oyster fritters.
2. A fragment; a shred; a small piece.
"And cut whole giants into fritters." Hudibras. Corn fritter. See under Corn.
Fritter
Frit´ter, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frittered p. pr. & vb. n. Frittering.]
1. To cut, as meat, into small pieces, for frying.
2. To break into small pieces or fragments.
"Break all nerves, and fritter all their sense." Pope. To fritter away, to diminish; to pare off; to reduce to nothing by taking away a little at a time; also to waste piecemeal; as to fritter away time, strength, credit, etc.
Fritting
Frit´ting, n. [See Frit to expose to heat.] The formation of frit or slag by heat with but incipient fusion.
Frivolity
Fri•vol´i•ty, n. ; pl. Frivolities (#). [Cg. F. frivolite. See Frivolous.] The condition or quality of being frivolous; also acts or habits of trifling; unbecoming levity of disposition.
Friz, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frizzed p. pr. & vb. n. Frizzing ] [Cf. F. friser to curl, crisp, frizzle, to raise the nap (on certain stuffs); prob.akin to OFries. frisle hair of the head. Cf. Frieze kind of cloth.] [Written also frizz.]
1. To curl or form into small curls, as hair, with a crisping pin; to crisp.
"With her hair frizzed short up to her ears." Pepys.
2. To form into little burs, prominences, knobs, or tufts, as the nap of cloth.
3. (Leather Manufacture) To soften and make of even thickness by rubbing, as with pumice stone or a blunt instrument. Frizzing machine. (a) (Fabrics) A machine for frizzing the surface of cloth. (b) (Wood Working) A bench with a revolving cutter head slightly protruding above its surface, for dressing boards.
Frizz, v. t. & n. See Friz, v. t. & n.
Frizz, v. t. & i. [Partly imitative, but cf. Fry.] To fry, cook, or sear with a sizzling noise; to sizzle.
Frizzle
Friz´zle, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frizzled p. pr. & vb. n. Frizzling ] [Dim. of friz.] To curl or crisp, as hair; to friz; to crinkle. Gay. To frizzle up, to crinkle or crisp excessively.
Frizzle
Friz´zle, n. A curl; a lock of hair crisped. Milton.
Frizzle
Friz´zle, v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Frizzled p. pr. & vb. n. Frizzling ] [Freq. of an imitative word frizz, in dial. use.]
1. To fry, toast, or broil with a sputtering sound to cook with a sizzling noise. Also fig. Hawthorne.
2. To cook, in certain way, so as to curl or crinkle up.
"Drain and heat it [shaved smoked beef] in one tablespoonful of hot butter, to curl or frizzle it." Mrs. Lincoln (Cook Book).
Fro (fro), adv. [OE. fra, fro, adv. & prep., Icel. fra, akin to Dan. fra from, E. from. See From.] From; away; back or backward; — now used only in opposition to the word to, in the phrase to and fro, that is, to and from. See To and fro under To. Milton.
Frock, v. t.
1. To clothe in a frock.
2. To make a monk of. Cf. Unfrock.
Froe (fro), n. [See Frow.] A dirty woman; a slattern; a frow. [Obs.] "Raging frantic froes." Draylon.
Froe, n. [See Frow the tool] An iron cleaver or splitting tool; a frow. [U. S.] Bartlett.
Frog (frog), n. [AS. froggu, frocga a frog (in sensel); akin to D. vorsch, OHG. frosk, G. frosch, Icel. froskr, fraukr, Sw. & Dan. frö.]
1. (Zoöl.) An amphibious animal of the genus Rana and related genera, of many species. Frogs swim rapidly, and take long leaps on land. Many of the species utter loud notes in the springtime. The edible frog of Europe ( Rana esculenta) is extensively used as food; the American bullfrog ( R. Catesbiana) is remarkable for its great size and loud voice.
2. [Perh. akin to E. fork, cf. frush frog of a horse.] (Anat.) The triangular prominence of the hoof, in the middle of the sole of the foot of the horse, and other animals; the fourchette.
3. (Railroads) A supporting plate having raised ribs that form continuations of the rails, to guide the wheels where one track branches from another or crosses it.
4. [Cf. fraco of wool or silk, L. floccus, E. frock.] An oblong cloak button, covered with netted thread, and fastening into a loop instead of a button hole.
5. The loop of the scabbard of a bayonet or sword. Cross frog (Railroads), a frog adapted for tracks that cross at right angles. — Frog cheese, a popular name for a large puffball. — Frog eater, one who eats frogs; — a term of contempt applied to a Frenchman by the vulgar class of English. — Frog fly. (Zoöl.) See Frog hopper. — Frog hopper (Zoöl.), a small, leaping, hemipterous insect living on plants. The larvae are inclosed in a frothy liquid called cuckoo spit or frog spit. — Frog lily (Bot.), the yellow water lily ( Nuphar). — Frog spit (Zoöl.), the frothy exudation of the frog hopper; — called also frog spittle. See Cuckoo spit, under Cuckoo.
Frog, v. t. To ornament or fasten (a coat, etc.) with trogs. See Frog, n. , 4.
Frogfish
Frog´fish, n. (Zoöl.) (a) See Angler, n. , 2. (b) An oceanic fish of the genus Antennarius or Pterophrynoides; — called also mousefish and toadfish.
Frogged, a. Provided or ornamented with frogs; as a frogged coat. See Frog, n. , 4. Ld. Lytton.
Froise, n. [OE. froise cf. F. froisser to bruise, E. frush to bruise,] A kind of pancake. See 1st Fraise. [Written also fraise.]
Frolic
Frol´ic, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Frolicked p. pr. & vb. n. Frolicking.] To play wild pranks; to play tricks of levity, mirth, and gayety; to indulge in frolicsome play; to sport.
"Hither, come hither, and frolic and play." Tennyson.
Frolicly
Frol´ic•ly, adv. In a frolicsome manner; with mirth and gayety. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
From (from), prep. [AS. fram, from; akin to OS. fram out, OHG. & Icel. fram forward, Sw. fram, Dan. frem, Goth. fram from, prob. akin to E. forth. 202. Cf. Fro, Foremost.] Out of the neighborhood of; lessening or losing proximity to; leaving behind; by reason of; out of; by aid of; — used whenever departure, setting out, commencement of action, being, state, occurrence, etc., or procedure, emanation, absence, separation, etc., are to be expressed. It is construed with, and indicates, the point of space or time at which the action, state, etc., are regarded as setting out or beginning; also less frequently, the source, the cause, the occasion, out of which anything proceeds; — the antithesis and correlative of to; as it, is one hundred miles from Boston to Springfield; he took his sword from his side; light proceeds from the sun; separate the coarse wool from the fine; men have all sprung from Adam, and often go from good to bad, and from bad to worse; the merit of an action depends on the principle from which it proceeds; men judge of facts from personal knowledge, or from testimony.
"Experience from the time past to the time present." Bacon.
"The song began from Jove." Drpden.
"From high Maeonia’s rocky shores I came." Addison.
"If the wind blow any way from shore." Shak. From sometimes denotes away from, remote from, inconsistent with. "Anything so overdone is from the purpose of playing." Shak. From, when joined with another preposition or an adverb, gives an opportunity for abbreviating the sentence. "There followed him great multitudes of people … from [the land] beyond Jordan." Math. iv. 25. In certain constructions, as from forth, from out, etc., the ordinary and more obvious arrangment is inverted, the sense being more distinctly forth from, out from — from being virtually the governing preposition, and the word the adverb. See From off, under Off, adv. , and From afar, under Afar, adv.
"Sudden partings such as press
The life from out young hearts." Byron. { From´ward, From´wards } prep. [AS. framweard about to depart. Cf. Froward] A way from; — the contrary of toward. [Obs.]
"Towards or fromwards the zenith." Cheyne.
Frondation
Fron•da´tion, n. [L. frondatio, from frons. See Frond.] The act of stripping, as trees, of leaves or branches; a kind of pruning. Evelyn.
Fronded
Frond´ed, a. Furnished with fronds. "Fronded palms." Whittier.
Frondent
Fron´dent, a. [L. frondens, p. pr. of frondere to put forth leaves. See Frond.] Covered with leaves; leafy; as a frondent tree. [R.]
Frondesce
Fron•desce´, v. i. [L. frondescere, inchoative fr. frondere. See Frondent.] To unfold leaves, as plants.
Frondeur
Fron´deur, n. [F.] (F. Hist.) A member of the Fronde.
Frondlet
Frond´let, n. (Bot.) A very small frond, or distinct portion of a compound frond.
Front, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fronted; p. pr. & vb. n. Fronting.]
1. To oppose face to face; to oppose directly; to meet in a hostile manner.
"You four shall front them in the narrow lane." Shak.
2. To appear before; to meet.
"[Enid] daily fronted him
In some fresh splendor." Tennyson.
3. To face toward; to have the front toward; to confront; as the house front. the street.
"And then suddenly front the changed reality." J. Morley.
4. To stand opposed or opposite to, or over against as his house fronts the church.
5. To adorn in front; to supply a front to; as to front a house with marble; to front a head with laurel.
"Yonder walls, that pertly front your town." Shak.
Frontage
Front´age, n. The front part of an edifice or lot; extent of front.
Frontal
Fron´tal, n. [F. frontal, fronteau, OF. Frontel, frontal, L. frontale an ornament for the forehead, frontlet. See Front.]
1. Something worn on the forehead or face; a frontlet; as: (a) An ornamental band for the hair. (b) (Mil.) The metal face guard of a soldier.
2. (Arch.) A little pediment over a door or window.
3. (Eccl.) A movable, decorative member in metal, carved wood, or, commonly, in rich stuff or in embroidery, covering the front of the altar. Frontals are usually changed according to the different ceremonies.
4. (Med.) A medicament or application for the forehead. [Obs.] Quincy.
5. (Anat.) The frontal bone, or one of the two frontal bones, of the cranium. Frontalhammer or helve, a forge hammer lifted by a cam, acting upon a "tongue" immediately in front of the hammer head. Raymond. { Fron´tate, Fron’ta•ted } a. Growing broader and broader, as a leaf; truncate.
Fronted
Front´ed, a. Formed with a front; drawn up in line. "Fronted brigades." Milton.
Frontier
Fron´tier, n. [F. frontière, LL. frontaria. See Front.]
1. That part of a country which fronts or faces another country or an unsettled region; the marches; the border, confine, or extreme part of a country, bordering on another country; the border of the settled and cultivated part of a country; as the frontier of civilization.
2. (Fort.) An outwork. [Obs.]
"Palisadoes, frontiers, parapets." Shak.
Frontiersman
Fron´tiers•man, n. ; pl. Frontiersmen . A man living on the frontier.
Frontingly
Front´ing•ly, adv. In a fronting or facing position; opposingly.
Frontispiece
Fron´tis•piece, n. [F. frontispice, LL. frontispicium beginning, front of a church, fr. L. frons front + spicere, specere, to look at, view: cf. It. frontispizio. See Front and Spy.] The part which first meets the eye; as: (a) (Arch.) The principal front of a building. [Obs. or R.] (b) An ornamental figure or illustration fronting the first page, or titlepage, of a book; formerly, the titlepage itself.
Frontlessly
Front´less•ly, adv. Shamelessly; impudently. [Obs.]
Frontlet
Front´let, n. [OF. frontelet brow band, dim. of frontel, frontal. See Frontal, n. ]
1. A frontal or brow band; a fillet or band worn on the forehead.
"They shall be as frontlets between thine eyes." Deut. vi. 8.
2. A frown (likened to a frontlet). [R. & Poetic]
"What makes that frontlet on? Methinks you are too much of late i’ the frown." Shak.
3. (Zoöl.) The margin of the head, behind the bill of birds, often bearing rigid bristles.
Fronton
Fron•ton´, n. [F., a pediment. See Front.] (Arch.) Same as Frontal, 2.
Froppish
Frop´pish, a. [Cf. Frap, Frape.] Peevish; froward. [Obs.] Clarendon.
Frore, adv. [See Frorn.] Frostily. [Obs.]
"The parching air
Burns frore, and cold performs the effect of fire." Milton.
Frorn, p. a. [AS. froren, p. p. of freósun to freeze. See Freeze.] Frozen. [Obs.]
"Well nigh frorn I feel." Spenser.
Frory
Fro´ry, a. [AS. freórig. See Frorn.]
1. Frozen; stiff with cold. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Covered with a froth like hoarfrost. [Archaic]
"The foaming steed with frory bit to steer." Fairfax.
Frost (frost; 115), n. [OE. frost, forst, AS. forst, frost. fr. freósan to freeze; akin to D. varst, G., OHG., Icel., Dan., & Sw. frost. rad.18. See Freeze, v. i.]
1. The act of freezing; — applied chiefly to the congelation of water; congelation of fluids.
2. The state or temperature of the air which occasions congelation, or the freezing of water; severe cold or freezing weather.
"The third bay comes a frost, a killing frost." Shak.
3. Frozen dew; — called also hoarfrost or white frost.
"He scattereth the hoar frost like ashes." Ps. cxlvii. 16.
4. Coldness or insensibility; severity or rigidity of character. [R.]
"It was of those moments of intense feeling when the frost of the Scottish people melts like a snow wreath." Sir W. Scott.Black frost, cold so intense as to freeze vegetation and cause it to turn black, without the formation of hoarfrost. — Frost bearer (Physics), a philosophical instrument illustrating the freezing of water in a vacuum; a cryophorus. — Frost grape (Bot.), an American grape, with very small, acid berries. — Frost lamp, a lamp placed below the oil tube of an Argand lamp to keep the oil limpid on cold nights; — used especially in lighthouses. Knight. — Frost nail, a nail with a sharp head driven into a horse’s shoe to keep him from slipping. — Frost smoke, an appearance resembling smoke, caused by congelation of vapor in the atmosphere in time of severe cold.
"The brig and the ice round her are covered by a strange black
obscurity: it is the frost smoke of arctic winters." Kane. — Frost valve, a valve to drain the portion of a pipe, hydrant, pump, etc., where water would be liable to freeze. — Jack Frost, a popular personification of frost.
Frost, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frosted; p. pr. & vb. n. Frosting.]
1. To injure by frost; to freeze, as plants.
2. To cover with hoarfrost; to produce a surface resembling frost upon, as upon cake, metals, or glass.
"While with a hoary light she frosts the ground." Wordsworth.
3. To roughen or sharpen, as the nail heads or calks of horseshoes, so as to fit them for frosty weather.
Frost-bitten
Frost•-bit´ten, p. a. Nipped, withered, or injured, by frost or freezing.
Frostfish
Frost•fish´, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The tomcod; — so called because it is abundant on the New England coast in autumn at about the commencement of frost. See Tomcod. (b) The smelt. [Local, U. S.] (c) A name applied in New Zealand to the scabbard fish ( Lepidotus) valued as a food fish.
Frostiness
Frost´i•ness, n. State or quality of being frosty.
Frostless
Frost´less, a. Free from frost; as a frostless winter.
Frote, v. t. [F. frotter.] To rub or wear by rubbing; to chafe. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Froterer
Fro´ter•er, n. One who frotes; one who rubs or chafes. [Obs.] Marston.
Froth, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frothed p. pr. & vb. n.. Frothing.]
1. To cause to foam.
2. To spit, vent, or eject, as froth.
"He … froths treason at his mouth." Dryden.
"Is your spleen frothed out, or have ye more?" Tennyson.
3. To cover with froth; as a horse froths his chain.
Froth, v. i. To throw up or out spume, foam, or bubbles; to foam; as beer froths; a horse froths.
Frothiness
Froth´i•ness, n. State or quality of being frothy.
Frothy
Froth´y, a. [ Compar. Frothier superl. Frothiest.]
1. Full of foam or froth, or consisting of froth or light bubbles; spumous; foamy.
2. Not firm or solid; soft; unstable. Bacon.
3. Of the nature of froth; light; empty; unsubstantial; as a frothy speaker or harangue. Tillotson.
Froufrou
Frou´frou, n. [F., of imitative origin.] A rustling, esp. the rustling of a woman’s dress.
Frounce, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Frounced p. pr. & vb. n. Frouncing ] [OE. frouncen, fronsen, to told, wrinkle, OF. froncier, F. froncer, perh. fr. an assumed LL. frontiare to wrinkle the forehead, L. frons forehead. See Front, and cf. Flounce part of a dress.] To gather into or adorn with plaits, as a dress; to form wrinkles in or upon; to curl or frizzle, as the hair.
"Not tricked and frounced, as she was wont." Milton.
Frouzy
Frou´zy, a. [Prov. E. frouzy froward, peevish, offensive to the eye or smell; cf. froust a musty smell, frouse to rumple, frouze to curl, and E. frounce, frowy.] Fetid, musty; rank; disordered and offensive to the smell or sight; slovenly; dingy. See Frowzy. "Petticoats in frouzy heaps." Swift.
Frow, n. [Cf. Frower.] A cleaving tool with handle at right angles to the blade, for splitting cask staves and shingles from the block; a frower.
Froward
Fro´ward, a. [ Fro + - ward. See Fro, and cf. Fromward.] Not willing to yield or compIy with what is required or is reasonable; perverse; disobedient; peevish; as a froward child.
"A froward man soweth strife." Prov. xvi. 28.
"A froward retention of custom is as turbulent a thing as innovation." Bacon.
Syn. — Untoward; wayward; unyielding; ungovernable: refractory; obstinate; petulant; cross; peevish. See Perverse. — Fro´ward•ly, adv. — Fro´ward•ness, n.
Frower
Frow´er, n. [Cf. frow a frower, and Prov. E, frommard.] A tool. See 2d Frow. Tusser.
Frowey
Frow´ey, a. [See Frow, a. ] (Carp.) Working smoothly, or without splitting; — said of timber.
Frown, v. i. [ imp. &, p. p. Frowned p. pr. & vb. n. Frowning.] [OF. froignier, F. frogner, in se refrogner, se renfrogner, to knit the brow, to frown; perh. of Teutonic origin; cf. It. in frigno wrinkled, frowning, Prov. It. frignare to cringe the face, to make a wry face, dial. Sw. fryna to make a wry face,]
1. To contract the brow in displeasure, severity, or sternness; to scowl; to put on a stern, grim, or surly look.
"The frowning wrinkle of her brow." Shak.
2. To manifest displeasure or disapprobation; to look with disfavor or threateningly; to lower; as polite society frowns upon rudeness.
"The sky doth frown and lower upon our army." Shak.
Frowny
Frown´y, a. Frowning; scowling. [Obs.]
"Her frowny mother’s ragged shoulder." Sir F. Palgrave.
Frowy
Frow´y, a. [Cf. Frowzy, Frouzy.] Musty. rancid; as frowy butter. "Frowy feed." Spenser
Frowzy
Frow´zy, a. [See Frouzy.] Slovenly; unkempt; untidy; frouzy. "With head all frowzy." Spenser.
"The frowzy soldiers’ wives hanging out clothes." W. D. Howells.
Frubish
Frub´ish, v. t. [See Furbish.] To rub up: to furbish. [Obs.] Beau. c& Et.
Fructed
Fruc´ted, a. [L. fructus fruit. See Fruit.] (Her.) Bearing fruit; — said of a tree or plant so represented upon an escutcheon. Cussans.
Fructidor
Fruc•ti•dor´, n. [F., fr. L. fructus fruit.] The twelfth month of the French republican calendar; — commencing August 18, and ending September 16. See Vendemiaire.
Fructify
Fruc´ti•fy (fruk"ti•fi), v. i. [F. fructifier, L. fructificare; fructus fruit + -ficare (only in comp.), akin to L. facere to make. See Fruit, and Fact.] To bear fruit. "Causeth the earth to fructify." Beveridge.
Fructify
Fruc´ti•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fructified p. pr. & vb. n. Fructifying.] To make fruitful; to render productive; to fertilize; as to fructify the earth.
Fructuation
Fruc´tu•a•tion (-a"shun), n. Produce; fruit. [R.]
Fructure
Fruc´ture, n. [L. frui, p. p. fructus, to enjoy. See Fruit, n. ] Use; fruition; enjoyment. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
Frugal
Fru´gal, a. [L. frugalis, fr. frugi, lit., for fruit; hence, fit for food, useful, proper, temperate, the dative of frux, frugis, fruit, akin to E. fruit: cf. F. frugal. See Fruit, n. ]
1. Economical in the use or appropriation of resources; not wasteful or lavish; wise in the expenditure or application of force, materials, time, etc.; characterized by frugality; sparing; economical; saving; as a frugal housekeeper; frugal of time.
"I oft admire
How Nature, wise and frugal, could commit
Such disproportions." Milton.
2. Obtained by, or appropriate to, economy; as a frugal fortune. "Frugal fare." Dryden.
Frugality
Fru•gal´i•ty, n. ; pl. Frugalities (#). [L. frugalitas: cf. F. frugalite.]
1. The quality of being frugal; prudent economy; that careful management of anything valuable which expends nothing unnecessarily, and applies what is used to a profitable purpose; thrift; —- opposed to extravagance.
"Frugality is founded on the principle that all riches have
limits." Burke.
2. A sparing use; sparingness; as frugality of praise.
Syn. — Economy; parsimony. See Economy.
Frugalness
Fru´gal•ness, n. Quality of being frugal; frugality.
Frugivora
Fru•giv´o•ra, n. pl. [NL. See Frugivorous.] (Zoöl.) The fruit bate; a group of the Cheiroptera, comprising the bats which live on fruits. See Eruit bat, under Fruit.
Fruit, n. [OE. fruit, frut, F. fruit, from L. fructus enjoyment, product, fruit, from frui, p. p. fructus, to enjoy; akin to E. brook, v. t. See Brook, v. t., and cf. Fructify, Frugal.]
1. Whatever is produced for the nourishment or enjoyment of man or animals by the processes of vegetable growth, as corn, grass, cotton, flax, etc.; — commonly used in the plural.
"Six years thou shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in the fruits thereof." Ex. xxiii. 10.
2. (Hort.) The pulpy, edible seed vessels of certain plants, especially those grown on branches above ground, as apples, oranges, grapes, melons, berries, etc. See 3.
3. (Bot.) The ripened ovary of a flowering plant, with its contents and whatever parts are consolidated with it. Fruits are classified as fleshy, drupaceous, and dry. Fleshy fruits include berries, gourds, and melons, orangelike fruits and pomes; drupaceous fruits are stony within and fleshy without, as peaches, plums, and cherries; and dry fruits are further divided into achenes, follicles, legumes, capsules, nuts, and several other kinds.
[1913 Webster]
4. (Bot.) The spore cases or conceptacles of flowerless plants, as of ferns, mosses, algae, etc., with the spores contained in them.
6. The produce of animals; offspring; young; as the fruit of the womb, of the loins, of the body.
"King Edward’s fruit, true heir to the English crown." Shak.
6. That which is produced; the effect or consequence of any action; advantageous or desirable product or result; disadvantageous or evil consequence or effect; as the fruits of labor, of self-denial, of intemperance.
"The fruit of rashness." Shak.
"What I obtained was the fruit of no bargain." Burke.
"They shall eat the fruit of their doings." Is. iii 10.
"The fruits of this education became visible." Macaulay. Fruit is frequently used adjectively, signifying of, for, or pertaining to a fruit or fruits; as fruit bud; fruit frame; fruit jar; fruit knife; fruit loft; fruit show; fruit stall; fruit tree; etc. Fruit bat (Zoöl.), one of the Frugivora; — called also fruit-eating bat. — Fruit bud (Bot.), a bud that produces fruit; — in most oplants the same as the power bud. Fruit dot (Bot.), a collection of fruit cases, as in ferns. See Sorus. — Fruit fly (Zoöl.), a small dipterous insect of the genus Drosophila, which lives in fruit, in the larval state. — Fruit jar, a jar for holding preserved fruit, usually made of glass or earthenware. — Fruit pigeon (Zoöl.), one of numerous species of pigeons of the family Carpophagidae, inhabiting India, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. They feed largely upon fruit. and are noted for their beautiful colors. — Fruit sugar (Chem.), a kind of sugar occurring, naturally formed, in many ripe fruits, and in honey; levulose. The name is also though rarely, applied to invert sugar, or to the natural mixture or dextrose and levulose resembling it, and found in fruits and honey. — Fruit tree (Hort.), a tree cultivated for its edible fruit. — Fruit worm (Zoöl.), one of numerous species of insect larvae: which live in the interior of fruit. They are mostly small species of Lepidoptera and Diptera. — Small fruits (Hort.), currants, raspberries, strawberries, etc.
Fruit’y, a. Having the odor, taste, or appearance of fruit; also fruitful. Dickens.
Fruiterer
Fruit´er•er, n. [Cf. F. fruitier.] One who deals in fruit; a seller of fruits.
Fruitful
Fruit´ful, a. Full of fruit; producing fruit abundantly; bearing results; prolific; fertile; liberal; bountiful; as a fruitful tree, or season, or soil; a fruitful wife. — Fruit´ful•ly, adv. — Fruit´ful•ness, n.
"Be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth." Gen. i. 28.
"[Nature] By disburdening grows
More fruitful." Milton.
"The great fruitfulness of the poet’s fancy." Addison.
Syn. — Fertile; prolific; productive; fecund; plentiful; rich; abundant; plenteous. See Fertile.
Fruition
Fru•i´tion, n. [OF. fruition, L. fruitio, enjoyment, fr. L. frui, p. p. fruitus, to use or enjoy. See Fruit, n. ] Use or possession of anything, especially such as is accompanied with pleasure or satisfaction; pleasure derived from possession or use. "Capacity of fruition." Rogers. "Godlike fruition." Milton.
"Where I may have fruition of her love." Shak.
Fruitive
Fru´i•tive, a. [See Fruition.] Enjoying; possessing. [Obs.] Boyle.
Fruitless
Fruit´less, a.
1. Lacking, or not bearing, fruit; barren; destitute of offspring; as a fruitless tree or shrub; a fruitless marriage. Shak.
2. Productive of no advantage or good effect; vain; idle; useless; unprofitable; as a fruitless attempt; a fruitless controversy.
"They in mutual accusation spent
The fruitless hours." Milton.
Syn. — Useless; barren; unprofitable; abortive; ineffectual; vain; idle; profitless. See Useless. — Fruit´less•ly, adv. — Fruit´lness•ness, n.
Frumentaceous
Fru´men•ta´ceous, a. [L. frumentaceus, fr. frumentum corn or grain, from the root of frux fruit: cf. F. frumentace. See Frugal.] Made of, or resembling, wheat or other grain.
Frumenty
Fru´men•ty, n. [OF. fromentee, fr. L. frumentum. See Frumentaceous.] Food made of hulled wheat boiled in milk, with sugar, plums, etc. [Written also furmenty and furmity.] Halliwell.
Frush, v. t. [F. froisser to bruise. Cf. Froise.] To batter; to break in pieces. [Obs.]
"I like thine armor well;
I’ll frush it and unlock the rivets all." Shak.
Frush, a. Easily broken; brittle; crisp.
Frush, n. Noise; clatter; crash. [R.] Southey.
Frush, n. [Cf. OE. frosch, frosk, a frog (the animal), G. frosch frog (the animal), also carney or lampass of horses. See Frog, n. , 2.]
1. (Far.) The frog of a horse’s foot.
2. A discharge of a fetid or ichorous matter from the frog of a horse’s foot; — also caled thrush.
Frustraneous
Frus•tra´ne•ous, a. [See Frustrate, a. ] Vain; useless; unprofitable. [Obs.] South.
Frustrate
Frus´trate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frustrated p. pr. & vb. n. Frustrating.]
1. To bring to nothing; to prevent from attaining a purpose; to disappoint; to defeat; to baffle; as to frustrate a plan, design, or attempt; to frustrate the will or purpose.
"Shall the adversary thus obtain
His end and frustrate thine ?" Milton.
2. To make null; to nullifly; to render invalid or of no effect; as to frustrate a conveyance or deed.
Syn. — To balk; thwart; foil; baffle; defeat.
Frustrative
Frus´tra•tive, a. Tending to defeat; fallacious. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
Frustulent
Frus´tu•lent, a. [L. frustulentus. See Frustule.] Abounding in fragments. [R.]
Frutage
Frut´age, n. [Cf. Fruitage.]
1. A picture of fruit; decoration by representation of fruit.
"The cornices consist of frutages and festoons." Evelyn.
2. A confection of fruit. [Obs.] Nares.
Frutex
Fru´tex, n. [L.] (Bot.) A plant having a woody, durable stem, but less than a tree; a shrub.
Fry, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fried p. pr. & vb. n. Frying.] [OE. frien, F. frire, fr. L. frigere to roast, parch, fry, cf. Gr., Skr. bhrajj. Cf. Fritter.] To cook in a pan or on a griddle (esp. with the use of fat, butter, or olive oil) by heating over a fire; to cook in boiling lard or fat; as to fry fish; to fry doughnuts.
Fry, n.
1. A dish of anything fried.
2. A state of excitement; as to be in a fry. [Colloq.]
Fry, n. [OE. fri, fry, seed, descendants, cf. OF. froye spawning, spawn of. fishes, little fishes, fr. L. fricare tosub (see Friction), but cf. also Icel. frae, frjo, seed, Sw. & Dan. frö, Goth. fraiw seed, descendants.]
1. (Zoöl.) The young of any fish.
2. A swarm or crowd, especially of little fishes; young or small things in general.
"The fry of children young." Spenser.
"To sever … the good fish from the other fry." Milton.
"We have burned two frigates, and a hundred and twenty small fry." Walpole.