Fo’gey, n. See Fogy.

Foalfoot
Foal´foot (-foot•), n. (Bot.) See Coltsfoot.

Foamingly
Foam´ing•ly, adv. With foam; frothily.

Foamless
Foam´less, a. Having no foam.

Foamy
Foam´y (-&tcr;), a. Covered with foam; frothy; spumy.
"Behold how high the foamy billows ride!" Dryden.

Fob (fob), n. [Cf. Prov. G. fuppe pocket.] A little pocket for a watch. Fob chain, a short watch chain worn with a watch carried in the fob.

Fob, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fobbed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Fobbing.] [Cf.Fop.]
1. To beat; to maul. [Obs.]
2. To cheat; to trick; to impose on. Shak. To fob off, to shift off by an artifice; to put aside; to delude with a trick."A conspiracy of bishops could prostrate and fob off the right of the people." Milton.

Focalize
Fo´cal•ize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Focalized p. pr. & vb. n. Focalizing ] To bring to a focus; to focus; to concentrate.
"Light is focalized in the eye, sound in the ear." De Quincey.

Focillation
Foc•il•la´tion, n. Comfort; support. [Obs.]

Focimeter
Fo•cim´e•ter, n. [ Focus + -meter.] (Photog.) An assisting instrument for focusing an object in or before a camera. Knight.

Focus
Fo´cus, n. ; pl. E. Focuses (#), L. Foci (#). [L. focus hearth, fireplace; perh. akin to E. bake. Cf. Curfew, Fuel, Fusil the firearm.]
1. (Opt.) A point in which the rays of light meet, after being reflected or refracted, and at which the image is formed; as the focus of a lens or mirror.
2. (Geom.) A point so related to a conic section and certain straight line called the directrix that the ratio of the distance between any point of the curve and the focus to the distance of the same point from the directrix is constant. Thus, in the ellipse FGHKLM, A is the focus and CD the directrix, when the ratios FA:FE, GA:GD, MA:MC, etc., are all equal. So in the hyperbola, A is the focus and CD the directrix when the ratio HA:HK is constant for all points of the curve; and in the parabola, A is the focus and CD the directrix when the ratio BA:BC is constant. In the ellipse this ratio is less than unity, in the parabola equal to unity, and in the hyperbola greater than unity. The ellipse and hyperbola have each two foci, and two corresponding directrixes, and the parabola has one focus and one directrix. In the ellipse the sum of the two lines from any point of the curve to the two foci is constant; that is: AG+GB=AH+HB; and in the hyperbola the difference of the corresponding lines is constant. The diameter which passes through the foci of the ellipse is the major axis. The diameter which being produced passes through the foci of the hyperbola is the transverse axis. The middle point of the major or the transverse axis is the center of the curve. Certain other curves, as the lemniscate and the Cartesian ovals, have points called foci, possessing properties similar to those of the foci of conic sections. In an ellipse, rays of light coming from one focus, and reflected from the curve, proceed in lines directed toward the other; in an hyperbola, in lines directed from the other; in a parabola, rays from the focus, after reflection at the curve, proceed in lines parallel to the axis. Thus rays from A in the ellipse are reflected to B; rays from A in the hyperbola are reflected toward L and M away from B.
3. A central point; a point of concentration. Aplanatic focus. (Opt.) See under Aplanatic. — Conjugate focus (Opt.), the focus for rays which have a sensible divergence, as from a near object; — so called because the positions of the object and its image are interchangeable. — Focus tube (Phys.), a vacuum tube for Rœntgen rays in which the cathode rays are focused upon the anticathode, for intensifying the effect. — Principal, or Solar, focus (Opt.), the focus for parallel rays.

Focus
Fo´cus, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Focused p. pr. & vb. n. Focusing.] To bring to a focus; to focalize; as to focus a camera. R. Hunt.

Fodient
Fo´di•ent, a. [L. fodiens, p. pr. of fodere to dig.] Fitted for, or pertaining to, digging.

Fodient
Fo´di•ent, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Fodientia.

Fodientia
Fo•di•en´ti•a, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. fodiens p. pr., digging.] (Zoöl.) A group of African edentates including the aard-vark.

Foe (fo), n. [OE. fo, fa, AS. fah hostile; prob. akin to E. fiend. rad.81. See Fiend, and cf. Feud a quarrel.]
1. One who entertains personal enmity, hatred, grudge, or malice, against another; an enemy.
"A man’s foes shall be they of his own household." Matt. x. 36
2. An enemy in war; a hostile army.
3. One who opposes on principle; an opponent; an adversary; an ill-wisher; as a foe to religion.
"A foe to received doctrines." I. Watts

Foe, v. t. To treat as an enemy. [Obs.] Spenser.

Foehn, n. [G. dial. (Swiss), fr. L. Favonius west wind. Cf. Favonian.] (Meteor.) (a) A warm dry wind that often blows in the northern valleys of the Alps, due to the indraught of a storm center passing over Central Europe. The wind, heated by compression in its descent from the mountains, reaches the base, particularly in winter, dry and warm. (b) Any similar wind, as the chinook, in other parts of the world.

Foeman
Foe´man (fo"m an), n. ; pl. Foemen (-m en). [AS. fahman.] An enemy in war.
"And the stern joy which warriors feel In foemen worthy of their steel." Sir W. Scott

Fog (fog), n. [Cf. Scot. fog, fouge, moss, foggage rank grass, LL. fogagium, W. ffwg dry grass.] (Agric.) (a) A second growth of grass; aftergrass. (b) Dead or decaying grass remaining on land through the winter; — called also foggage. [Prov.Eng.] Halliwell. Sometimes called, in New England, old tore. In Scotland, fog is a general name for moss.

Fog v. t. (Agric.) To pasture cattle on the fog, or aftergrass, of; to eat off the fog from.

Fog v. i. [Etymol. uncertain.] To practice in a small or mean way; to pettifog. [Obs.]
"Where wouldst thou fog to get a fee?" Dryden.

Fog n. [Dan. snee fog snow falling thick, drift of snow, driving snow, cf. Icel. fok spray, snowdrift, fjuk snowstorm, fjuka to drift.]
1. Watery vapor condensed in the lower part of the atmosphere and disturbing its transparency. It differs from cloud only in being near the ground, and from mist in not approaching so nearly to fine rain. See Cloud.
2. A state of mental confusion. Fog alarm, Fog bell, Fog horn, etc., a bell, horn, whistle or other contrivance that sounds an alarm, often automatically, near places of danger where visible signals would be hidden in thick weather. - - Fog bank, a mass of fog resting upon the sea, and resembling distant land. — Fog ring, a bank of fog arranged in a circular form, — often seen on the coast of Newfoundland.

Fog, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fogged (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Fogging (#).] To envelop, as with fog; to befog; to overcast; to darken; to obscure.

Fog, v. i. (Photog.) To show indistinctly or become indistinct, as the picture on a negative sometimes does in the process of development.

Fog, n. (Photog.) Cloudiness or partial opacity of those parts of a developed film or a photograph which should be clear.

Fog, v. t. (Photog.) To render semiopaque or cloudy, as a negative film, by exposure to stray light, too long an exposure to the developer, etc.

Fog belt. A region of the ocean where fogs are of marked frequency, as near the coast of Newfoundland.

Fog’gage ( 48), n. (Agric.) See 1st Fog.

Fogbow
Fog´bow, n. A nebulous arch, or bow, of white or yellowish light sometimes seen in fog, etc.

Foge, n. The Cornish name for a forge used for smelting tin. Raymond

Foggily
Fog´gi•ly, adv. In a foggy manner; obscurely. Johnson.

Fogginess
Fog´gi•ness, n. The state of being foggy. Johnson.

Foggy
Fog´gy, a. [ Compar. Foggier superl. Foggiest.] [From 4th Fog.]
1. Filled or abounding with fog, or watery exhalations; misty; as a foggy atmosphere; a foggy morning. Shak.
2. Beclouded; dull; obscure; as foggy ideas.
"Your coarse, foggy, drowsy conceit." Hayward.

Fogy
Fo´gy, n. ; pl. Fogies . A dull old fellow; a person behind the times, over-conservative, or slow; — usually preceded by old. [Written also fogie and fogey.] [Colloq.]
"Notorious old bore; regular old fogy." Thackeray. The word is said to be connected with the German vogt, a guard or protector. By others it is regarded as a diminutive of folk (cf. D. volkje). It is defined by Jamieson, in his Scottish Dictionary, as "an invalid or garrison soldier," and is applied to the old soldiers of the Royal Hospital at Dublin, which is called the Fogies’ Hospital. In the fixed habits of such persons we see the origin of the present use of the term. Sir F. Head.

Fogy
Fo´gy, n. (Mil.) In the United States service, extra pay granted to officers for length of service. [Colloq.]

Fogyism
Fo´gy•ism, n. The principles and conduct of a fogy. [Colloq.]

Foh, interj. [Cf. Faugh.] An exclamation of abhorrence or contempt; poh; fie. Shak.

Foiler
Foil´er, n. One who foils or frustrates. Johnson.

Foiling
Foil´ing, n. (Arch.) A foil. Simmonds.

Foiling
Foil´ing, n. [Cf. F. foulees. See 1st Foil.] (Hunting) The track of game (as deer) in the grass.

Foinery
Foin´er•y, n. Thrusting with the foil; fencing with the point, as distinguished from broadsword play. [Obs.] Marston.

Foiningly
Foin´ing•ly, adv. With a push or thrust. [Obs.]

Foison
Foi´son, n. [F. foison, fr. L. fusio a pouring, effusion. See Fusion.] Rich harvest; plenty; abundance. [Archaic] Lowell.
" That from the seedness the bare fallow brings To teeming foison." Shak.

Foister
Foist´er, n. One who foists something surreptitiously; a falsifier. Mir. for Mag.

Foistied
Foist´ied, a. [See 2d Fust.] Fusty. [Obs.]

Foisty
Foist´y, a. Fusty; musty. [Obs.] Johnson.

Fold (fold), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Folded; p. pr. & vb. n. Folding.] [OE. folden, falden, AS. fealdan; akin to OHG. faltan, faldan, G. falten, Icel. falda, Dan. folde, Sw. fålla, Goth. falþan, cf. Gr. di- pla•sios twofold, Skr. puta a fold. Cf. Fauteuil.]
1. To lap or lay in plaits or folds; to lay one part over another part of; to double; as to fold cloth; to fold a letter. [1913 Webster]
"As a vesture shalt thou fold them up." Heb. i. 12.
2. To double or lay together, as the arms or the hands; as he folds his arms in despair.
3. To inclose within folds or plaitings; to envelop; to infold; to clasp; to embrace.
"A face folded in sorrow." J. Webster.
"We will descend and fold him in our arms." Shak.
4. To cover or wrap up; to conceal.
"Nor fold my fault in cleanly coined excuses." Shak.

Fold, v. i. To become folded, plaited, or doubled; to close over another of the same kind; to double together; as the leaves of the door fold. 1 Kings vi. 34.

Fold, n. [From Fold, v. In sense 2 AS. -feald, akin to fealdan to fold.]
1. A doubling,esp. of any flexible substance; a part laid over on another part; a plait; a plication.
"Mummies … shrouded in a number of folds of linen." Bacon.
" Folds are most common in the rocks of mountainous regions." J. D. Dana.
2. Times or repetitions; — used with numerals, chiefly in composition, to denote multiplication or increase in a geometrical ratio, the doubling, tripling, etc., of anything; as four fold, four times, increased in a quadruple ratio, multiplied by four.
3. That which is folded together, or which infolds or envelops; embrace.
"Shall from your neck unloose his amorous fold." Shak. Fold net, a kind of net used in catching birds.

Fold, n. [OE. fald, fold, AS. fald, falod.]
1. An inclosure for sheep; a sheep pen.
" Leaps o’er the fence with ease into the fold." Milton.
2. A flock of sheep; figuratively, the Church or a church; as Christ’s fold.
" There shall be one fold and one shepherd." John x. 16.
" The very whitest lamb in all my fold." Tennyson.
3. A boundary; a limit. [Obs.] Creech. Fold yard, an inclosure for sheep or cattle.

Fold, v. t. To confine in a fold, as sheep.

Fold, v. i. To confine sheep in a fold. [R.]
" The star that bids the shepherd fold." Milton.

Foldage
Fold´age, n. [See Fold inclosure, Faldage.] (O.Eng.Law.) See Faldage.

Folderol
Fol´de•rol, n. Nonsense. [Colloq.]

Folding
Fold´ing, n.
1. The act of making a fold or folds; also a fold; a doubling; a plication.
"The lower foldings of the vest." Addison.
2. (Agric.) The keepig of sheep in inclosures on arable land, etc. Folding boat, a portable boat made by stretching canvas etc., over jointed framework, used in campaigning, and by tourists, etc. Ham. Nav. Encyc.Folding chair, a chair which may be shut up compactly for carriage or stowage; a camp chair. — Folding door, one of two or more doors filling a single and hung upon hinges.

Foldless
Fold´less, a. Having no fold. Milman.

Foliaceous
Fo•li•a´ceous, a. [L. foliaceus, fr. folium leaf.]
1. (Bot.) Belonging to, or having the texture or nature of, a leaf; having leaves intermixed with flowers; as a foliaceous spike.
2. (Min.) Consisting of leaves or thin laminae; having the form of a leaf or plate; as foliaceous spar.
3. (Zoöl.) Leaflike in form or mode of growth; as a foliaceous coral.

Foliage
Fo´li•age, n. [OF. foillage, fueillage, F. feuillage, fr. OF. foille, fueille, fueil, F. feulle, leaf, L. folium. See 3d Foil, and cf. Foliation, Filemot.]
1. Leaves, collectively, as produced or arranged by nature; leafage; as a tree or forest of beautiful foliage.
2. A cluster of leaves, flowers, and branches; especially, the representation of leaves, flowers, and branches, in architecture, intended to ornament and enrich capitals, friezes, pediments, etc. Foliage plant (Bot.), any plant cultivated for the beauty of its leaves, as many kinds of Begonia and Coleus.

Foliage
Fo´li•age, v. t. To adorn with foliage or the imitation of foliage; to form into the representation of leaves. [R.] Drummond.

Foliaged
Fo´li•aged, a. Furnished with foliage; leaved; as the variously foliaged mulberry.

Foliar
Fo´li•ar, a. (Bot.) Consisting of, or pertaining to, leaves; as foliar appendages. Foliar gap (Bot.), an opening in the fibrovascular system of a stem at the point of origin of a leaf. — Foliar trace (Bot.), a particular fibrovascular bundle passing down into the stem from a leaf.

Foliate
Fo´li•ate, a. [L. foliatus leaved, leafy, fr. folium leaf. See Foliage.] (Bot.) Furnished with leaves; leafy; as a foliate stalk. Foliate curve. (Geom.) Same as Folium.

Foliate
Fo´li•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Foliated p. pr. & vb. n. Foliating ]
1. To beat into a leaf, or thin plate. Bacon.
2. To spread over with a thin coat of tin and quicksilver; as to foliate a looking-glass.

Folier
Fo´li•er, n. Goldsmith’s foil. [R.] Sprat.

Foliferous
Fo•lif´er•ous, a. [L. folium leaf+ -ferous: cf. F. foliifère.] Producing leaves. [Written also foliiferous.]

Folily
Fol´i•ly, a. Foolishly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Folio
Fol´io, n. ; pl. Folios (#). [Ablative of L. folium leaf. See 4th Foil.]
1. A leaf of a book or manuscript.
2. A sheet of paper once folded.
3. A book made of sheets of paper each folded once (four pages to the sheet); hence, a book of the largest kind. See Note under Paper.
4. (Print.) The page number. The even folios are on the left-hand pages and the odd folios on the right- hand.
5. A page of a book; (Bookkeeping) a page in an account book; sometimes, two opposite pages bearing the same serial number.
6. (Law) A leaf containing a certain number of words, hence, a certain number of words in a writing, as in England, in law proceedings 72, and in chancery, 90; in New York, 100 words. Folio post, a flat writing paper, usually 17 by 24 inches.

Folio
Fol´io, v. t. To put a serial number on each folio or page of (a book); to page.

Folio
Fol´io, a. Formed of sheets each folded once, making two leaves, or four pages; as a folio volume. See Folio, n. , 3.

Foliole
Fo´li•ole, n. [Dim. of L. folium leaf: cf. F. foliole.] (Bot.) One of the distinct parts of a compound leaf; a leaflet.

Foliomort
Fo•li•o•mort´, a. See Feuillemort.

Foliosity
Fo•li•os´i•ty, n. The ponderousness or bulk of a folio; voluminousness. [R.] De Quincey.

Folious
Fo´li•ous, a. [See Foliose.]
1. Like a leaf; thin; unsubstantial. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
2. (Bot.) Foliose. [R.]

Folkething
Fol´ke•thing, n. [Dan. See Folk, and Thing.] The lower house of the Danish Rigsdag, or Parliament. See Legislature, below.

Folkmote
Folk´mote, n. [AS. folcmot folk meeting.] An assembly of the people; esp. (Sax. Law), a general assembly of the people to consider and order matters of the commonwealth; also a local court. [Hist.]
"To which folkmote they all with one consent Agreed to travel." Spenser.

Folkmoter
Folk´mot•er, n. One who takes part in a folkmote, or local court. [Obs.] Milton.

Follicle
Fol´li•cle, n. [L. folliculus a small bag, husk, pod, dim of follis bellows, an inflated ball, a leathern money bag, perh. akin to E. bellows: cf. F. follicule. Cf. 2d Fool.]
1. (Bot.) A simple podlike pericarp which contains several seeds and opens along the inner or ventral suture, as in the peony, larkspur and milkweed.
2. (Anat.) (a) A small cavity, tubular depression, or sac; as a hair follicle. (b) A simple gland or glandular cavity; a crypt. (c) A small mass of adenoid tissue; as a lymphatic follicle.

Folliculated
Fol•lic´u•la•ted, a. Having follicles.

Folliculous
Fol•lic´u•lous, a. [L. folliculosus full of husks: cf. F. folliculeux.] Having or producing follicles.

Folliful
Fol´li•ful, a. Full of folly. [Obs.]

Follow
Fol´low, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Followed p. pr. & vb. n. Following.][OE. foluwen, folwen, folgen, AS. folgian, fylgean, fylgan; akin to D. volgen, OHG. folgn, G. folgen, Icel. fylgja, Sw. följa, Dan. fölge, and perh. to E. folk.]
1. To go or come after; to move behind in the same path or direction; hence, to go with (a leader, guide, etc.); to accompany; to attend.
" It waves me forth again; I’ll follow it." Shak.
2. To endeavor to overtake; to go in pursuit of; to chase; to pursue; to prosecute.
" I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall follow them." Ex. xiv. 17.
3. To accept as authority; to adopt the opinions of; to obey; to yield to; to take as a rule of action; as to follow good advice.
"Approve the best, and follow what I approve". Milton.
"Follow peace with all men." Heb. xii. 14.
" It is most agreeable to some men to follow their reason; and to others to follow their appetites." J. Edwards.
4. To copy after; to take as an example.
" We had rather follow the perfections of them whom we like not, than in defects resemble them whom we love." Hooker.
5. To succeed in order of time, rank, or office.
6. To result from, as an effect from a cause, or an inference from a premise.
7. To watch, as a receding object; to keep the eyes fixed upon while in motion; to keep the mind upon while in progress, as a speech, musical performance, etc.; also to keep up with; to understand the meaning, connection, or force of, as of a course of thought or argument.
" He followed with his eyes the flitting shade." Dryden.
8. To walk in, as a road or course; to attend upon closely, as a profession or calling.
"O, had I but followed the arts!" Shak.
"O Antony! I have followed thee to this." Shak. Follow board (Founding), a board on which the pattern and the flask lie while the sand is rammed into the flask. Knight. — To follow the hounds, to hunt with dogs. — To follow suit (Card Playing), to play a card of the same suit as the leading card; hence, colloquially, to follow an example set. — To follow up, to pursue indefatigably.
Syn.- To pursue; chase; go after; attend; accompany; succeed; imitate; copy; embrace; maintain. - To Follow, Pursue. To follow (v.t.) denotes simply to go after; to pursue denotes to follow with earnestness, and with a view to attain some definite object; as a hound pursues the deer. So a person follows a companion whom he wishes to overtake on a journey; the officers of justice pursue a felon who has escaped from prison.

Follow
Fol´low, v. i. To go or come after; — used in the various senses of the transitive verb: To pursue; to attend; to accompany; to be a result; to imitate.
Syn.- To Follow, Succeed, Ensue. To follow (v.i.) means simply to come after; as a crowd followed. To succeed means to come after in some regular series or succession; as day succeeds to day, and night to night. To ensue means to follow by some established connection or principle of sequence. As wave follows wave, revolution succeeds to revolution; and nothing ensues but accumulated wretchedness.

Follow
Fol´low, n. The art or process of following; specif., in some games, as billiards, a stroke causing a ball to follow another ball after hitting it. Also used adjectively; as follow shot.

Follower
Fol´low•er, n. [OE. folwere, AS. folgere.]
1. One who follows; a pursuer; an attendant; a disciple; a dependent associate; a retainer.
2. A sweetheart; a beau. [Colloq.] A. Trollope.
3. (Steam Engine) (a) The removable flange, or cover, of a piston. See Illust. of Piston. (b) A gland. See Illust. of Stuffing box.
4. (Mach.) The part of a machine that receives motion from another part. See Driver.
5. Among law stationers, a sheet of parchment or paper which is added to the first sheet of an indenture or other deed.
Syn. — Imitator; copier; disciple; adherent; partisan; dependent; attendant.

Following edge. (Aëronautics) See Advancing-edge, above.

Fomalhaut
Fo´mal•haut, n. [Ar., prop., mouth of the large fish: cf. F. Fomalhaut.] (Astron.) A star of the first magnitude, in the constellation Piscis Australis, or Southern Fish.

Foment
Fo•ment´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fomented; p. pr. & vb. n. Fomenting.] [F. fomenter, fr. L. fomentare, fr. fomentum (for fovimentum) a warm application or lotion, fr. fovere to warm or keep warm; perh. akin to Gr. to roast, and E. bake.]
1. To apply a warm lotion to; to bathe with a cloth or sponge wet with warm water or medicated liquid.
2. To cherish with heat; to foster. [Obs.]
"Which these soft fires … foment and warm." Milton.
3. To nurse to life or activity; to cherish and promote by excitements; to encourage; to abet; to instigate; — used often in a bad sense; as to foment ill humors. Locke.
" But quench the choler you foment in vain." Dryden.
" Exciting and fomenting a religious rebellion." Southey.

Foment
Fo´ment, n.
1. Fomentation.
2. State of excitation; — perh. confused with ferment.
"He came in no conciliatory mood, and the foment was kept up." Julian Ralph.

Fomentation
Fo•men•ta´tion, n. [. fomentatio: cf. F. fomentation.]
1. (Med.) (a) The act of fomenting; the application of warm, soft, medicinal substances, as for the purpose of easing pain, by relaxing the skin, or of discussing tumors. (b) The lotion applied to a diseased part.
2. Excitation; instigation; encouragement.
"Dishonest fomentation of your pride." Young.

Fomenter
Fo•ment´er, n. One who foments; one who encourages or instigates; as a fomenter of sedition.

Fomes
Fo´mes (fo"mez), n. ; pl. Fomites (fom"i•tez). [L. fomes, -itis, touch-wood, tinder.] (Med.) Any substance supposed to be capable of absorbing, retaining, and transporting contagious or infectious germs; as woolen clothes are said to be active fomites.

Fon (fon), n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. fani silly, fana to act silly, Sw. fåne fool. Cf. Fond, a. ] A fool; an idiot. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Fondle
Fon´dle, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fondled p. pr. & vb. n. Fondling ] [From Fond, v. ] To treat or handle with tenderness or in a loving manner; to caress; as a nurse fondles a child.
Syn. — See Caress.

Fondling
Fon´dling, n. [From Fondle.] The act of caressing; manifestation of tenderness.
" Cyrus made no … amorous fondling To fan her pride, or melt her guardless heart." Mickle.

Fondling
Fond´ling, n. [ Fond + - ling.]
1. A person or thing fondled or caressed; one treated with foolish or doting affection.
"Fondlings are in danger to be made fools." L’Estrange.
2. A fool; a simpleton; a ninny. [Obs.] Chapman.

Fondly
Fond´ly, adv.
1. Foolishly. [Archaic] Verstegan (1673).
" Make him speak fondly like a frantic man." Shak.
2. In a fond manner; affectionately; tenderly.
" My heart, untraveled, fondly turns to thee." Goldsmith.

Fondness
Fond´ness, n.
1. The quality or state of being fond; foolishness. [Obs.]
"Fondness it were for any, being free, To covet fetters, though they golden be." Spenser.
2. Doting affection; tender liking; strong appetite, propensity, or relish; as he had a fondness for truffles.
" My heart had still some foolish fondness for thee." Addison.
Syn. — Attachment; affection; love; kindness.

Fondon
Fon´don, n. [Cf. F. fondant flux.] (Metal.) A large copper vessel used for hot amalgamation.

Fondu
Fon•du´ (fon"du"), a. [F. fondu, p.p. of fondre to melt, blend. See Found to cast.] Blended; passing into each other by subtle gradations; — said of colors or of the surface or material on which the colors are laid.

Font, n. [F. fonte, fr. fondre to melt or cast. See Found to cast, and cf. Fount a font.] (Print.) A complete assortment of printing type of one size, including a due proportion of all the letters in the alphabet, large and small, points, accents, and whatever else is necessary for printing with that variety of types; a fount.

Font, n. [AS. font, fant, fr. L. fons, fontis, spring, fountain; cf. OF. font, funt, F. fonts, fonts baptismaux, pl. See Fount.]
1. A fountain; a spring; a source.
" Bathing forever in the font of bliss." Young.
2. A basin or stone vessel in which water is contained for baptizing.
" That name was given me at the font." Shak.

Fontanel
Fon´ta•nel, n. [F. fontanelle, prop., a little fountain, fr. fontaine fountain. See Fountain.]
1. (Med.) An issue or artificial ulcer for the discharge of humors from the body.[Obs.] Wiseman.
2. (Anat.) One of the membranous intervals between the incompleted angles of the parietal and neighboring bones of a fetal or young skull; — so called because it exhibits a rhythmical pulsation. In the human fetus there are six fontanels, of which the anterior, or bregmatic, situated at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures, is much the largest, and remains open a considerable time after birth.

Food, n. [OE. fode, AS. foda; akin to Icel. faeða, faeði, Sw. föda, Dan. & LG. föde, OHG. fatunga, Gr. patei^sthai to eat, and perh. to Skr. pa to protect, L. pascere to feed, pasture, pabulum food, E. pasture. rad.75. Cf. Feed, Fodder food, Foster to cherish.]
1. What is fed upon; that which goes to support life by being received within, and assimilated by, the organism of an animal or a plant; nutriment; aliment; especially, what is eaten by animals for nourishment. In a physiological sense, true aliment is to be distinguished as that portion of the food which is capable of being digested and absorbed into the blood, thus furnishing nourishment, in distinction from the indigestible matter which passes out through the alimentary canal as faeces. Foods are divided into two main groups: nitrogenous, or proteid, foods, i.e., those which contain nitrogen, and nonnitrogenous, i.e., those which do not contain nitrogen. The latter group embraces the fats and carbohydrates, which collectively are sometimes termed heat producers or respiratory foods, since by oxidation in the body they especially subserve the production of heat. The proteids, on the other hand, are known as plastic foods or tissue formers, since no tissue can be formed without them. These latter terms, however, are misleading, since proteid foods may also give rise to heat both directly and indirectly, and the fats and carbohydrates are useful in other ways than in producing heat.
2. Anything that instructs the intellect, excites the feelings, or molds habits of character; that which nourishes.
"This may prove food to my displeasure." Shak.
"In this moment there is life and food For future years." Wordsworth. Food is often used adjectively or in self-explaining compounds, as in food fish or food-fish, food supply. Food vacuole (Zoöl.), one of the spaces in the interior of a protozoan in which food is contained, during digestion. — Food yolk. (Biol.) See under Yolk.
Syn. — Aliment; sustenance; nutriment; feed; fare; victuals; provisions; meat.

Food, v. t. To supply with food. [Obs.] Baret.

Foodful
Food´ful, a. Full of food; supplying food; fruitful; fertile. "The foodful earth." Dryden.
"Bent by its foodful burden [the corn]." Glover.

Foodless
Food´less, a. Without food; barren. Sandys.

Foody
Food´y, a. Eatable; fruitful. [R.] Chapman.

Fool, n. [Cf. F. fouler to tread, crush. Cf. 1st Foil.] A compound of gooseberries scalded and crushed, with cream; — commonly called gooseberry fool.

Fool, n. [OE. fol, n. & adj., F. fol, fou, foolish, mad; a fool, prob. fr. L. follis a bellows, wind bag, an inflated ball; perh. akin to E. bellows. Cf. Folly, Follicle.]
1. One destitute of reason, or of the common powers of understanding; an idiot; a natural.
2. A person deficient in intellect; one who acts absurdly, or pursues a course contrary to the dictates of wisdom; one without judgment; a simpleton; a dolt.
" Extol not riches, then, the toil of fools." Milton.
" Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no other." Franklin.
3. (Script.) One who acts contrary to moral and religious wisdom; a wicked person.
" The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God." Ps. xiv. 1.
4. One who counterfeits folly; a professional jester or buffoon; a retainer formerly kept to make sport, dressed fantastically in motley, with ridiculous accouterments.
" Can they think me … their fool or jester?" Milton. April fool, Court fool, etc. See under April, Court, etc. — Fool’s cap, a cap or hood to which bells were usually attached, formerly worn by professional jesters. — Fool’s errand, an unreasonable, silly, profitless adventure or undertaking. — Fool’s gold, iron or copper pyrites, resembling gold in color. — Fool’s paradise, a name applied to a limbo (see under Limbo) popularly believed to be the region of vanity and nonsense. Hence, any foolish pleasure or condition of vain self-satistaction. — Fool’s parsley (Bot.), an annual umbelliferous plant ( AEthusa Cynapium) resembling parsley, but nauseous and poisonous. — To make a fool of, to render ridiculous; to outwit; to shame. [Colloq.] — To play the fool, to act the buffoon; to act a foolish part. "I have played the fool, and have erred exceedingly." 1 Sam. xxvi. 21.

Fool, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Fooled p. pr. & vb. n. Fooling.] To play the fool; to trifle; to toy; to spend time in idle sport or mirth.
"Is this a time for fooling?" Dryden.

Fool, v. t.
1. To infatuate; to make foolish. Shak.
"For, fooled with hope, men favor the deceit." Dryden.
2. To use as a fool; to deceive in a shameful or mortifying manner; to impose upon; to cheat by inspiring foolish confidence; as to fool one out of his money.
"You are fooled, discarded, and shook off By him for whom these shames ye underwent." Shak. To fool away, to get rid of foolishly; to spend in trifles, idleness, folly, or without advantage.

Foolahs
Foo´lahs, n. pl.; sing. Foolah. (Ethnol.) Same as Fulahs.

Foolery
Fool´er•y, n. ; pl. Fooleries .
1. The practice of folly; the behavior of a fool; absurdity.
"Folly in fools bears not so strong a note, As foolery in the wise, when wit doth dote." Shak.
2. An act of folly or weakness; a foolish practice; something absurd or nonsensical.
"That Pythagoras Plato, or Orpheus, believed in any of these fooleries, it can not be suspected." Sir W. Raleigh.

Foolfish
Fool´fish, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The orange filefish. See Filefish. (b) The winter flounder. See Flounder.

Foolhardihood
Fool´har•di•hood, n. The state of being foolhardy; foolhardiness.

Foolhardily
Fool´har•di•ly, adv. In a foolhardy manner.

Foolhardiness
Fool´har•di•ness, n. Courage without sense or judgment; foolish rashness; recklessness. Dryden.

Foolhardise
Fool´har•dise, n. [ Fool, F. fol, fou + F. hardiesse boldness.] Foolhardiness. [Obs.] Spenser.

Foolhardy
Fool´har•dy, a. [OF. folhardi. See Fool idiot, and Hardy.] Daring without judgment; foolishly adventurous and bold. Howell.
Syn. — Rash; venturesome; venturous; precipitate; reckless; headlong; incautious. See Rash.

Foolify
Fool´i•fy, v. t. [ Fool + -fy.] To make a fool of; to befool. [R.] Holland.

Foolish
Fool´ish, a.
1. Marked with, or exhibiting, folly; void of understanding; weak in intellect; without judgment or discretion; silly; unwise.
" I am a very foolish fond old man." Shak.
2. Such as a fool would do; proceeding from weakness of mind or silliness; exhibiting a want of judgment or discretion; as a foolish act.
3. Absurd; ridiculous; despicable; contemptible.
" A foolish figure he must make." Prior.
Syn. — Absurd; shallow; shallow-brained; brainless; simple; irrational; unwise; imprudent; indiscreet; incautious; silly; ridiculous; vain; trifling; contemptible. See Absurd.

Foolishness
Fool´ish•ness, n.
1. The quality of being foolish.
2. A foolish practice; an absurdity.
" The preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness." 1 Cor. i. 18.

Fool-large
Fool´-large, a. [OF. follarge. See Fool, and Large.] Foolishly liberal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Foot candle. (Photom.) The amount of illumination produced by a standard candle at a distance of one foot.

Foot Guards
Foot" Guards, pl. Infantry soldiers belonging to select regiments called the Guards. [Eng.]

Foot pound
Foot" pound (Mech.) A unit of energy, or work, being equal to the work done in raising one pound avoirdupois against the force of gravity the height of one foot.

Foot poundal
Foot" pound•al (Mech.) A unit of energy or work, equal to the work done in moving a body through one foot against the force of one poundal.

Foot ton. (Mech.) A unit of energy or work, being equal to the work done in raising one ton against the force of gravity through the height of one foot.

Foot valve. (Mech.) A suction valve or check valve at the lower end of a pipe; esp., such a valve in a steam-engine condenser opening to the air pump.

Football
Foot´ball, n. An inflated ball to be kicked in sport, usually made in India rubber, or a bladder incased in Leather. Waller.
2. The game of kicking the football by opposing parties of players between goals. Arbuthnot.

Footband
Foot´band, n. A band of foot soldiers. [Obs.]

Footbath
Foot´bath, n. A bath for the feet; also a vessel used in bathing the feet.

Footboard
Foot´board, n.
1. A board or narrow platfrom upon which one may stand or brace his feet; as: (a) The platform for the engineer and fireman of a locomotive. (b) The foot-rest of a coachman’s box.
2. A board forming the foot of a bedstead.
3. A treadle.

Footboy
Foot´boy, n. A page; an attendant in livery; a lackey. Shak.

Footbreadth
Foot´breadth, n. The breadth of a foot; — used as a measure. Longfellow.
"Not so much as a footbreadth." Deut. ii. 5.

Footbridge
Foot´bridge, n. A narrow bridge for foot passengers only.

Footcloth
Foot´cloth, n. Formerly, a housing or caparison for a horse. Sir W. Scott.

Footed
Foot´ed, a.
1. Having a foot or feet; shaped in the foot. "Footed like a goat." Grew. Footed is often used in composition in the sense of having ( such or so many) feet; as four footed beasts.
2. Having a foothold; established.
"Our king … is footed in this land already." Shak.

Footfall
Foot´fall, n. A setting down of the foot; a footstep; the sound of a footstep. Shak.
"Seraphim, whose footfalls tinkled on the tufted floor." Poe.

Footfight
Foot´fight, n. A conflict by persons on foot; — distinguished from a fight on horseback. Sir P. Sidney.

Footglove
Foot´glove, n. A kind of stocking. [Obs.]

Foothalt
Foot´halt, n. A disease affecting the feet of sheep.

Foothill
Foot´hill, n. A low hill at the foot of higher hills or mountains.

Foothold
Foot´hold, n. A holding with the feet; firm standing; that on which one may tread or rest securely; footing. L’Estrange.

Foothook
Foot´hook, n. (Naut.) See Futtock.

Footing
Foot´ing, n.
1. Ground for the foot; place for the foot to rest on; firm foundation to stand on.
"In ascent, every step gained is a footing and help to the next." Holder.
2. Standing; position; established place; basis for operation; permanent settlement; foothold.
"As soon as he had obtained a footing at court, the charms of his manner … made him a favorite." Macaulay.
3. Relative condition; state.
"Lived on a footing of equality with nobles." Macaulay.
4. Tread; step; especially, measured tread.
"Hark, I hear the footing of a man." Shak.
5. The act of adding up a column of figures; the amount or sum total of such a column.
6. The act of putting a foot to anything; also that which is added as a foot; as the footing of a stocking.
7. A narrow cotton lace, without figures.
8. The finer refuse part of whale blubber, not wholly deprived of oil. Simmonds.
9. (Arch. & Enging.) The thickened or sloping portion of a wall, or of an embankment at its foot. Footing course (Arch.), one of the courses of masonry at the foot of a wall, broader than the courses above. — To pay one’s footing, to pay a fee on first doing anything, as working at a trade or in a shop. Wright. — Footing beam, the tie beam of a roof.

Footless
Foot´less, a. Having no feet.

Footlicker
Foot´lick•er, n. A sycophant; a fawner; a toady. Cf. Bootlick. Shak.

Footman
Foot´man, n. ; pl. Footmen .
1. A soldier who marches and fights on foot; a foot soldier.
2. A man in waiting; a male servant whose duties are to attend the door, the carriage, the table, etc.
3. Formerly, a servant who ran in front of his master’s carriage; a runner. Prior.
4. A metallic stand with four feet, for keeping anything warm before a fire.
5. (Zoöl.) A moth of the family Lithosidae; — so called from its livery-like colors.

Footmanship
Foot´man•ship, n. Art or skill of a footman.

Footmark
Foot´mark, n. A footprint; a track or vestige. Coleridge.

Footnote
Foot´note, n. A note of reference or comment at the foot of a page.

Footpace
Foot´pace, n.
1. A walking pace or step.
2. A dais, or elevated platform; the highest step of the altar; a landing in a staircase. Shipley.

Footpad
Foot´pad, n. A highwayman or robber on foot.

Footpath
Foot´path, n. ; pl. Footpaths . A narrow path or way for pedestrains only; a footway.

Footplate
Foot´plate, n. (Locomotives) See Footboard (a).

Footrope
Foot´rope, n. (Aut.) (a) The rope rigged below a yard, upon which men stand when reefing or furling; — formerly called a horse. (b) That part of the boltrope to which the lower edge of a sail is sewed.

Foots, n. pl. The settlings of oil, molasses, etc., at the bottom of a barrel or hogshead. Simmonds.

Foot-sore
Foot´-sore, a. Having sore or tender feet, as by reason of much walking; as foot-sore cattle.

Footstalk
Foot´stalk, n.
1. (Bot.) The stalk of a leaf or of flower; a petiole, pedicel, or reduncle.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The peduncle or stem by which various marine animals are attached, as certain brachiopods and goose barnacles. (b) The stem which supports which supports the eye in decapod Crustacea; eyestalk.
3. (Mach.) The lower part of a millstone spindle. It rests in a step. Knight.

Footstall
Foot´stall, n. [Cf. Pedestal.]
1. The stirrup of a woman’s saddle.
2. (Arch.) The plinth or base of a pillar.

Footstone
Foot´stone ( 110), n. The stone at the foot of a grave; — opposed to headstone.

Footstool
Foot´stool, n. A low stool to support the feet of one when sitting.

Footway
Foot´way, n. A passage for pedestrians only.

Footworn
Foot´worn, a. Worn by, or weared in, the feet; as a footworn path; a footworn traveler.

Footy
Foot´y, a.
1. Having foots, or settlings; as footy oil, molasses, etc. [Eng.]
2. Poor; mean. [Prov. Eng.] C. Kingsley.

Foozle
Foo´zle, v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Foozled p. pr. & vb. n. Foozling ] [Cf. G. fuseln to work badly or slowly.] To bungle; to manage awkwardly; to treat or play unskillfully; as to foozle a stroke in golf.
"She foozles all along the course." Century Mag.

Foozle
Foo´zle, n.
1. A stupid fellow; a fogy. [Colloq.]
2. Act of foozling; a bungling stroke, as in golf.

Fop, n. [OE. foppe, fop, fool; cf. E. fob to cheat, G. foppen to make a fool of one, jeer, D. foppen.] One whose ambition it is to gain admiration by showy dress; a coxcomb; an inferior dandy.

Fop-doodle
Fop´-doo•dle, n. A stupid or insignificant fellow; a fool; a simpleton. [R.] Hudibras.

Fopling
Fop´ling, n. A petty fop. Landor.

Foppery
Fop´per•y, n. ; pl. Fopperies (#). [From Fop.]
1. The behavior, dress, or other indication of a fop; coxcombry; affectation of show; showy folly.
2. Folly; foolery.
"Let not the sound of shallow foppery enter My sober house." Shak.

For- . [AS. for-; akin to D. & G. ver-, OHG. fir-, Icel. for-, Goth. fra-, cf. Skr. para- away, Gr. beside, and E. far, adj. Cf. Fret to rub.] A prefix to verbs, having usually the force of a negative or privative. It often implies also loss, detriment, or destruction, and sometimes it is intensive, meaning utterly, quite thoroughly, as in forbathe.

Forager
For´a•ger, n. One who forages.

Foralite
For´a•lite, n. [L. forare to bore + -lite.] (Geol.) A tubelike marking, occuring in sandstone and other strata.

Foramen
Fo•ra´men, n. ; pl. L. Foramina (#), E. Foramines (#). [L., fr. forare to bore, pierce.] A small opening, perforation, or orifice; a fenestra. Foramen of Monro (Anat.), the opening from each lateral into the third ventricle of the brain. — Foramen of Winslow (Anat.), the opening connecting the sac of the omentum with the general cavity of the peritoneum.

Foraminated
Fo•ram´i•na•ted, a. [L. foraminatus.] Having small opening, or foramina.

Foraminifer
For•a•min´i•fer, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Foraminifera.

Foraminifera
Fo•ram•i•nif´e•ra, n. pl. [NL., fr. L. foramen, -aminis, a foramen + ferre to bear.] (Zoöl.) An extensive order of rhizopods which generally have a chambered calcareous shell formed by several united zooids. Many of them have perforated walls, whence the name. Some species are covered with sand. See Rhizophoda.

Foraminous
Fo•ram´i•nous, a. [L. foraminosus.] Having foramina; full of holes; porous. Bacon.

Forasmuch
For•as•much´, conj. In consideration that; seeing that; since; because that; — followed by a. . See under For, prep.

Forayer
For´ay•er, n. One who makes or joins in a foray.
"They might not choose the lowland road, For the Merse forayers were abroad." Sir W. Scott.

Forbade
For•bade´, imp. of Forbid.

Forbear
For•bear´ (for•bâr"), n. [See Fore, and Bear to produce.] An ancestor; a forefather; — usually in the plural. [Scot.] "Your forbears of old." Sir W. Scott.

Forbear
For•bear´ (for•bâr"), v. i. [ imp. Forbore (Forbare, [Obs.]); p. p. Forborne p. pr. & vb. n. Forbearing.] [OE. forberen, AS. forberan; pref. for- + beran to bear. See Bear to support.]
1. To refrain from proceeding; to pause; to delay.
"Shall I go against Ramoth-gilead to battle, or shall I forbear?" 1 Kings xxii. 6.
2. To refuse; to decline; to give no heed.
"Thou shalt speak my words unto them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear." Ezek. ii. 7.
3. To control one’s self when provoked.
"The kindest and the happiest pair Will find occasion to forbear." Cowper.
"Both bear and forbear." Old Proverb.

Forbear
For•bear´, v. t.
1. To keep away from; to avoid; to abstain from; to give up; as to forbear the use of a word of doubtful propriety.
"But let me that plunder forbear." Shenstone.
"The King In open battle or the tilting field Forbore his own advantage." Tennyson.
2. To treat with consideration or indulgence.
"Forbearing one another in love." Eph. iv. 2.
3. To cease from bearing. [Obs.]
"Whenas my womb her burden would forbear." Spenser.

Forbearance
For•bear´ance, n. The act of forbearing or waiting; the exercise of patience.
"He soon shall find Forbearance no acquittance ere day end." Milton.
2. The quality of being forbearing; indulgence toward offenders or enemies; long-suffering.
"Have a continent forbearance, till the speed of his rage goes slower." Shak.
Syn. — Abstinence; refraining; lenity; mildness.

Forbearant
For•bear´ant, a. Forbearing. [R.] Carlyle.

Forbearer
For•bear´er, n. One who forbears. Tusser.

Forbearing
For•bear´ing, a. Disposed or accustomed to forbear; patient; long-suffering. — For•bear´ing•ly, adv.

Forbid
For•bid´ (for•bid"), v. t. [ imp. Forbade (-bad"); p. p. Forbidden (-bid"d’n) (Forbid, [Obs.]); p. pr. & vb. n. Forbidding ] [OE. forbeden, AS. forbeódan; pref. for- + beódan to bid; akin to D. verbieden, G. verbieten, Icel. fyrirbjoða, forboða, Sw. förbjuda, Dan. forbyde. See Bid, v. t.]
1. To command against, or contrary to; to prohibit; to interdict.
"More than I have said … The leisure and enforcement of the time Forbids to dwell upon." Shak.
2. To deny, exclude from, or warn off, by express command; to command not to enter.
"Have I not forbid her my house?" Shak.
3. To oppose, hinder, or prevent, as if by an effectual command; as an impassable river forbids the approach of the army.
"A blaze of glory that forbids the sight." Dryden.
4. To accurse; to blast. [Obs.]
"He shall live a man forbid." Shak.
5. To defy; to challenge. [Obs.] L. Andrews.
Syn. — To prohibit; interdict; hinder; preclude; withhold; restrain; prevent. See Prohibit.

Forbid
For•bid´, v. i. To utter a prohibition; to prevent; to hinder. "I did not or forbid." Milton.

Forbiddance
For•bid´dance, n. The act of forbidding; prohibition; command or edict against a thing. [Obs.]
"How hast thou yield to transgress The strict forbiddance." Milton.

Forbidden
For•bid´den, a. Prohibited; interdicted.
"I know no spells, use no forbidden arts." Milton. Forbidden fruit. (a) Any coveted unlawful pleasure, — so called with reference to the forbidden fruit of the Garden of Eden. (b) (Bot.) A small variety of shaddock ( Citrus decumana). The name is given in different places to several varieties of Citrus fruits.

Forbiddenly
For•bid´den•ly, adv. In a forbidden or unlawful manner. Shak.

Forbidder
For•bid´der, n. One who forbids. Milton.

Forbidding
For•bid´ding, a. Repelling approach; repulsive; raising abhorrence, aversion, or dislike; disagreeable; prohibiting or interdicting; as a forbidding aspect; a forbidding formality; a forbidding air.
Syn. — Disagreeable; unpleasant; displeasing; offensive; repulsive; odious; abhorrent. — For•bid´ding•ly, adv. — For•bid´ding•ness, n.

Forblack
For•black´, a. Very black. [Obs.]
"As any raven’s feathers it shone forblack." Chaucer.

Forboden
For•bo´den, obs. p. p. of Forbid. Chaucer.

Forby
For•by´, adv. & prep. [See Foreby.] Near; hard by; along; past. [Obs.]
"To tell her if her child went ought forby." Chaucer.
"To the intent that ships may pass along forby all the sides of the city without let." Robynson (More’s Utopia).

Force, v. t. [See Farce to stuff.] To stuff; to lard; to farce. [R.]
"Wit larded with malice, and malice forced with wit." Shak.

Force, n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. fors, foss, Dan. fos.] A waterfall; a cascade. [Prov. Eng.]
"To see the falls for force of the river Kent." T. Gray.

Force, n. [F. force, LL. forcia, fortia, fr. L. fortis strong. See Fort, n. ]
1. Strength or energy of body or mind; active power; vigor; might; often, an unusual degree of strength or energy; capacity of exercising an influence or producing an effect; especially, power to persuade, or convince, or impose obligation; pertinency; validity; special signification; as the force of an appeal, an argument, a contract, or a term.
"He was in the full force of the words, a good man." Macaulay.
2. Power exerted against will or consent; compulsory power; violence; coercion.
"Which now they hold by force, and not by right." Shak.
3. Strength or power for war; hence, a body of land or naval combatants, with their appurtenances, ready for action; — an armament; troops; warlike array; — often in the plural; hence, a body of men prepared for action in other ways; as the laboring force of a plantation.
"Is Lucius general of the forces?" Shak.
4. (Law) (a) Strength or power exercised without law, or contrary to law, upon persons or things; violence. (b) Validity; efficacy. Burrill.
5. (Physics) Any action between two bodies which changes, or tends to change, their relative condition as to rest or motion; or, more generally, which changes, or tends to change, any physical relation between them, whether mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic, or of any other kind; as the force of gravity; cohesive force; centrifugal force. Animal force (Physiol.), muscular force or energy. — Catabiotic force [Gr. down (intens.) + life.] (Biol.), the influence exerted by living structures on adjoining cells, by which the latter are developed in harmony with the primary structures. — Centrifugal force, Centripetal force, Coercive force, etc. See under Centrifugal, Centripetal, etc. — Composition of forces, Correlation of forces, etc. See under Composition, Correlation, etc. — Force and arms [trans. of L. vi et armis] (Law), an expression in old indictments, signifying violence. — In force, or Of force, of unimpaired efficacy; valid; of full virtue; not suspended or reversed. "A testament is of force after men are dead." Heb. ix. 17. — Metabolic force (Physiol.), the influence which causes and controls the metabolism of the body. — No force, no matter of urgency or consequence; no account; hence, to do no force, to make no account of; not to heed. [Obs.] Chaucer. — Of force, of necessity; unavoidably; imperatively. "Good reasons must, of force, give place to better." Shak. — Plastic force ( Physiol.), the force which presumably acts in the growth and repair of the tissues. — Vital force (Physiol.), that force or power which is inherent in organization; that form of energy which is the cause of the vital phenomena of the body, as distinguished from the physical forces generally known.
Syn. — Strength; vigor; might; energy; stress; vehemence; violence; compulsion; coaction; constraint; coercion. — Force, Strength. Strength looks rather to power as an inward capability or energy. Thus we speak of the strength of timber, bodily strength, mental strength, strength of emotion, etc. Force, on the other hand, looks more to the outward; as the force of gravitation, force of circumstances, force of habit, etc. We do, indeed, speak of strength of will and force of will; but even here the former may lean toward the internal tenacity of purpose, and the latter toward the outward expression of it in action. But, though the two words do in a few cases touch thus closely on each other, there is, on the whole, a marked distinction in our use of force and strength. "Force is the name given, in mechanical science, to whatever produces, or can produce, motion." Nichol.
"Thy tears are of no force to mollify This flinty man." Heywood.
"More huge in strength than wise in works he was." Spenser.
"Adam and first matron Eve Had ended now their orisons, and found Strength added from above, new hope to spring Out of despair." Milton.

Force, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Forced p. pr. & vb. n. Forcing ] [OF. forcier, F. forcer, fr. LL. forciare, fortiare. See Force, n. ]
1. To constrain to do or to forbear, by the exertion of a power not resistible; to compel by physical, moral, or intellectual means; to coerce; as masters force slaves to labor.
2. To compel, as by strength of evidence; as to force conviction on the mind.
3. To do violence to; to overpower, or to compel by violence to one’s will; especially, to ravish; to violate; to commit rape upon.
"To force their monarch and insult the court." Dryden.
"I should have forced thee soon wish other arms." Milton.
"To force a spotless virgin’s chastity." Shak.
4. To obtain or win by strength; to take by violence or struggle; specifically, to capture by assault; to storm, as a fortress.
5. To impel, drive, wrest, extort, get, etc., by main strength or violence; — with a following adverb, as along, away, from, into, through, out, etc.
"It stuck so fast, so deeply buried lay That scarce the victor forced the steel away." Dryden.
"To force the tyrant from his seat by war." Sahk.
"Ethelbert ordered that none should be forced into religion." Fuller.
6. To put in force; to cause to be executed; to make binding; to enforce. [Obs.]
"What can the church force more?" J. Webster.
7. To exert to the utmost; to urge; hence, to strain; to urge to excessive, unnatural, or untimely action; to produce by unnatural effort; as to force a conceit or metaphor; to force a laugh; to force fruits.
"High on a mounting wave my head I bore, Forcing my strength, and gathering to the shore." Dryden.
8. (Whist) To compel (an adversary or partner) to trump a trick by leading a suit of which he has none.
9. To provide with forces; to reënforce; to strengthen by soldiers; to man; to garrison. [Obs.] Shak.
10. To allow the force of; to value; to care for. [Obs.]
"For me, I force not argument a straw." Shak.
Syn. — To compel; constrain; oblige; necessitate; coerce; drive; press; impel.

Force, v. i. [Obs. in all the senses.]
1. To use violence; to make violent effort; to strive; to endeavor.
"Forcing with gifts to win his wanton heart." Spenser.
2. To make a difficult matter of anything; to labor; to hesitate; hence, to force of, to make much account of; to regard.
"Your oath once broke, you force not to forswear." Shak.
"I force not of such fooleries." Camden.
3. To be of force, importance, or weight; to matter.
"It is not sufficient to have attained the name and dignity of a shepherd, not forcing how." Udall.

Force pump
Force" pump (Mach.) (a) A pump having a solid piston, or plunger, for drawing and forcing a liquid, as water, through the valves; in distinction from a pump having a bucket, or valved piston. (b) A pump adapted for delivering water at a considerable height above the pump, or under a considerable pressure; in distinction from one which lifts the water only to the top of the pump or delivers it through a spout. See Illust. of Plunger pump, under Plunger.

Forceless
Force´less, a. Having little or no force; feeble.
"These forceless flowers like sturdy trees support me." Shak.

Forcemeat
Force´meat, n. [Corrupt. for farce-meat, fr. F. farce stuffing. See Farce, n. ] (Cookery) Meat chopped fine and highly seasoned, either served up alone, or used as a stuffing. [Written also forced meat.]

Forceps
For´ceps, n. [L. forceps, -cipis, from the root of formus Hot + capere to take; akin to E. heave. Cf. Furnace.]
1. A pair of pinchers, or tongs; an instrument for grasping, holding firmly, or exerting traction upon, bodies which it would be inconvenient or impracticable to seize with the fingers, especially one for delicate operations, as those of watchmakers, surgeons, accoucheurs, dentists, etc.
2. (Zoöl.) The caudal forceps- shaped appendage of earwigs and some other insects. See Earwig. Dressing forceps. See under Dressing.

Forcible
For´ci•ble, a. [Cf. OF. forcible forcible, forceable that may be forced.]
1. Possessing force; characterized by force, efficiency, or energy; powerful; efficacious; impressive; influential.
"How forcible are right words!" Job. vi. 2.
"Sweet smells are most forcible in dry substances, when broken." Bacon.
"But I have reasons strong and forcible." Shak.
"That punishment which hath been sometimes forcible to bridle sin." Hooker.
"He is at once elegant and sublime, forcible and ornamented." Lowth (Transl. )
2. Violent; impetuous.
"Like mingled streams, more forcible when joined." Prior.
3. Using force against opposition or resistance; obtained by compulsion; effected by force; as forcible entry or abduction.
"In embraces of King James … forcible and unjust." Swift. Forcible entry and detainer (Law), the entering upon and taking and withholding of land and tenements by actual force and violence, and with a strong hand, to the hindrance of the person having the right to enter.
Syn. — Violent; powerful; strong; energetic; mighty; potent; weighty; impressive; cogent; influential.

Forcible-feeble
For´ci•ble-fee•ble, a. [From Feeble, a character in the Second Part of Shakespeare’s "King Henry IV.," to whom Falstaff derisively applies the epithet "forcible."] Seemingly vigorous, but really weak or insipid.
"He [Prof. Ayton] would purge his book of much offensive matter, if he struck out epithets which are in the bad taste of the forcible-feeble school." N. Brit. Review.

Forcibleness
For´ci•ble•ness, n. The quality of being forcible.

Forcibly
For´ci•bly, adv. In a forcible manner.

Forcing
For´cing, n.
1. The accomplishing of any purpose violently, precipitately, prematurely, or with unusual expedition.
2. (Gardening) The art of raising plants, flowers, and fruits at an earlier season than the natural one, as in a hitbed or by the use of artificial heat. Forcingbed or pit, a plant bed having an under layer of fermenting manure, the fermentation yielding bottom heat for forcing plants; a hotbed. — Forcing engine, a fire engine. — Forcing fit (Mech.), a tight fit, as of one part into a hole in another part, which makes it necessary to use considerable force in putting the two parts together. — Forcing house, a greenhouse for the forcing of plants, fruit trees, etc. — Forcing machine, a powerful press for putting together or separating two parts that are fitted tightly one into another, as for forcing a crank on a shaft, or for drawing off a car wheel from the axle. — Forcing pump. See Force pump (b).

Forcipation
For•ci•pa´tion, n. Torture by pinching with forceps or pinchers. Bacon.

Forcite
For´cite, n. [From 3d Force, n. ] (Chem.) A gelatin dynamite in which the dope is composed largely of sodium nitrate.

Ford (ford), n. [AS. ford; akin to G. furt, Icel. fjörðr bay, and to E. fare. rad. 78. See Fare, v. i., and cf. Frith arm of the sea.]
1. A place in a river, or other water, where it may be passed by man or beast on foot, by wading.
"He swam the Esk river where ford there was none." Sir W. Scott.
2. A stream; a current.
"With water of the ford Or of the clouds." Spenser.
"Permit my ghost to pass the Stygian ford." Dryden.

Ford, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Forded; p. pr. & vb. n. Fording.] To pass or cross, as a river or other water, by wading; to wade through.
"His last section, which is no deep one, remains only to be forted." Milton.

Fordless
Ford´less, a. Without a ford.
"A deep and fordless river." Mallock.

Fordo
For•do´, v. t. [OE. fordon, AS. fordn; pref. for- + dn to do. See For-, and Do, v. i.]
1. To destroy; to undo; to ruin. [Obs.]
"This is the night That either makes me or fordoes me quite." Shak.
2. To overcome with fatigue; to exhaust. M. Arnold.
"All with weary task fordone." Shak.

Fordrunken
For•drunk´en, a. Utterly drunk; very drunk. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Fordry
For•dry´, a. Entirely dry; withered. [Obs.] "A tree fordry." Chaucer.

Fordwine
For•dwine´, v. i. To dwindle away; to disappear. [Obs.] Rom of R.

Fore, n. [AS. fr, fr. faran to go. See Fare, v. i.] Journey; way; method of proceeding. [Obs.] "Follow him and his fore." Chaucer.

Fore, adv. [AS. fore, adv. & prep., another form of for. See For, and cf. Former, Foremost.]
1. In the part that precedes or goes first; — opposed to aft, after, back, behind, etc.
2. Formerly; previously; afore. [Obs. or Colloq.]
"The eyes, fore duteous, now converted are." Shak.
3. (Naut.) In or towards the bows of a ship. Fore and aft (Naut.), from stem to stern; lengthwise of the vessel; — in distinction from athwart. R. H. Dana, Jr. — Fore-and-aft rigged (Naut.), not rigged with square sails attached to yards, but with sails bent to gaffs or set on stays in the midship line of the vessel. See Schooner, Sloop, Cutter.

Fore, a. [See Fore, adv. ] Advanced, as compared with something else; toward the front; being or coming first, in time, place, order, or importance; preceding; anterior; antecedent; earlier; forward; — opposed to back or behind; as the fore part of a garment; the fore part of the day; the fore and of a wagon.
"The free will of the subject is preserved, while it is directed by the fore purpose of the state." Southey. Fore is much used adjectively or in composition. Fore bay, a reservoir or canal between a mill race and a water wheel; the discharging end of a pond or mill race. — Fore body (Shipbuilding), the part of a ship forward of the largest cross-section, distinguished from middle body and after body. — Fore boot, a receptacle in the front of a vehicle, for stowing baggage, etc. — Fore bow, the pommel of a saddle. Knight. — Fore cabin, a cabin in the fore part of a ship, usually with inferior accommodations. — Fore carriage. (a) The forward part of the running gear of a four-wheeled vehicle. (b) A small carriage at the front end of a plow beam. — Fore course (Naut.), the lowermost sail on the foremost of a square-rigged vessel; the foresail. See Illust. under Sail. — Fore door. Same as Front door. — Fore edge, the front edge of a book or folded sheet, etc. — Fore elder, an ancestor. [Prov. Eng.] — Fore end. (a) The end which precedes; the earlier, or the nearer, part; the beginning.
"I have … paid More pious debts to heaven, than in all The fore end of my time." Shak. (b) In firearms, the wooden stock under the barrel, forward of the trigger guard, or breech frame. — Fore girth, a girth for the fore part (of a horse, etc.); a martingale. — Fore hammer, a sledge hammer, working alternately, or in time, with the hand hammer. — Fore leg, one of the front legs of a quadruped, or multiped, or of a chair, settee, etc. — Fore peak (Naut.), the angle within a ship’s bows; the portion of the hold which is farthest forward. — Fore piece, a front piece, as the flap in the fore part of a sidesaddle, to guard the rider’s dress. — Fore plane, a carpenter’s plane, in size and use between a jack plane and a smoothing plane. Knight. — Fore reading, previous perusal. [Obs.] Hales. — Fore rent, in Scotland, rent payable before a crop is gathered. — Fore sheets (Naut.), the forward portion of a rowboat; the space beyond the front thwart. See Stern sheets. — Fore shore. (a) A bank in advance of a sea wall, to break the force of the surf. (b) The seaward projecting, slightly inclined portion of a breakwater. Knight. (c) The part of the shore between high and low water marks. — Fore sight, that one of the two sights of a gun which is near the muzzle. — Fore tackle (Naut.), the tackle on the foremast of a ship. — Fore topmast. (Naut.) See Fore-topmast, in the Vocabulary. - - Fore wind, a favorable wind. [Obs.]
"Sailed on smooth seas by fore winds borne." Sandys. — Fore world, the antediluvian world. [R.] Southey.

Fore, n. The front; hence, that which is in front; the future. At the fore (Naut.), at the fore royal masthead; — said of a flag, so raised as a signal for sailing, etc. — To the fore. (a) In advance; to the front; to a prominent position; in plain sight; in readiness for use. (b) In existence; alive; not worn out, lost, or spent, as money, etc. [Irish] "While I am to the fore." W. Collins. "How many captains in the regiment had two thousand pounds to the fore?" Thackeray.

Fore, prep. Before; — sometimes written ’fore as if a contraction of afore or before. [Obs.]

Fore tooth
Fore" tooth, pl. Fore teeth . (Anat.) One of the teeth in the forepart of the mouth; an incisor.

Foreadmonish
Fore•ad•mon´ish, v. t. To admonish beforehand, or before the act or event. Bp. Hall.

Foreadvise
Fore•ad•vise´, v. t. To advise or counsel before the time of action, or before the event. Shak.

Foreallege
Fore•al•lege´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Forealleged p. pr. & vb. n. Forealleging ] To allege or cite before. Fotherby.

Foreappointment
Fore•ap•point´ment, n. Previous appointment; preordinantion. Sherwood.

Forearm
Fore•arm´, v. t. To arm or prepare for attack or resistance before the time of need. South.

Forearm
Fore´arm, n. (Anat.) That part of the arm or fore limb between the elbow and wrist; the antibrachium.

Forebeam
Fore´beam, n. The breast beam of a loom.

Forebear
Fore•bear´, n. An ancestor. See Forbear.

Forebodement
Fore•bode´ment, n. The act of foreboding; the thing foreboded.

Foreboder
Fore•bod´er, n. One who forebodes.

Foreboding
Fore•bod´ing, n. Presage of coming ill; expectation of misfortune.

Forebodingly
Fore•bod´ing•ly, adv. In a foreboding manner.

Forebrace
Fore´brace, n. (Naut.) A rope applied to the fore yardarm, to change the position of the foresail.

Forebrain
Fore´brain, n. (Anat.) The anterior of the three principal divisions of the brain, including the prosencephalon and thalamencephalon. Sometimes restricted to the prosencephalon only. See Brain.

Forecaster
Fore•cast´er, n. One who forecast. Johnson.

Forecastle
Fore´cas•tle ( sailors say ), n. (Naut.) (a) A short upper deck forward, formerly raised like a castle, to command an enemy’s decks. (b) That part of the upper deck of a vessel forward of the foremast, or of the after part of the fore channels. (c) In merchant vessels, the forward part of the vessel, under the deck, where the sailors live.

Forechosen
Fore•cho´sen, a. Chosen beforehand.

Forecited
Fore´cit•ed, a. Cited or quoted before or above. Arbuthnot.

Foreclose
Fore•close´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Foreclosed p. pr. & vb. n. Foreclosing ] [F. forclos, p. p. of forclore to exclude; OF. fors, F. hors, except, outside (fr. L. foris outside) + F. clore to close. See Foreign, and Close, v. t.] To shut up or out; to preclude; to stop; to prevent; to bar; to exclude.
"The embargo with Spain foreclosed this trade." Carew. To foreclose a mortgager (Law), to cut him off by a judgment of court from the power of redeeming the mortgaged premises, termed his equity of redemption. — To foreclose a mortgage, (not technically correct, but often used to signify) the obtaining a judgment for the payment of an overdue mortgage, and the exposure of the mortgaged property to sale to meet the mortgage debt. Wharton.

Foreconceive
Fore•con•ceive´, v. t. To preconceive; to imagine beforehand. [Obs.] Bacon.

Foredate
Fore•date´, v. t. To date before the true time; to antedate.

Foredeck
Fore´deck, n. (Naut.) The fore part of a deck, or of a ship.

Foredeem
Fore•deem´, v. t. To recognize or judge in advance; to forebode. [Obs.] Udall.
"Laugh at your misery, as foredeeming you An idle meteor." J. Webster.

Foredeem
Fore•deem´, v. i. [Cf. Foredoom.] To know or discover beforehand; to foretell. [Obs.]
"Which [maid] could guess and foredeem of things past, present, and to come." Genevan Test.

Foredetermine
Fore•de•ter´mine, v. t. To determine or decree beforehand. Bp. Hopkins.

Foredispose
Fore•dis•pose´, v. t. To bestow beforehand. [R.]
"King James had by promise foredisposed the place on the Bishop of Meath." Fuller.

Foredoom
Fore•doom´, v. t. [Cf. Foredeem.] To doom beforehand; to predestinate.
"Thou art foredoomed to view the Stygian state." Dryden.

Foredoom
Fore´doom, n. Doom or sentence decreed in advance. "A dread foredoom ringing in the ears of the guilty adult." Southey.

Forefather
Fore´fa•ther ( 277), n. One who precedes another in the line of genealogy in any degree, but usually in a remote degree; an ancestor.
"Respecting your forefathers, you would have been taught to respect yourselves." Burke. Forefathers’ Day, the anniversary of the day (December 21) on which the Pilgrim Fathers landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620). On account of a mistake in reckoning the change from Old Style to New Style, it has generally been celebrated on the 22d.

Forefeel
Fore•feel´, v. t. To feel beforehand; to have a presentiment of. [Obs.]
"As when, with unwieldy waves, the great sea forefeels winds." Chapman.

Forefence
Fore•fence´, n. Defense in front. [Obs.]

Forefend
Fore•fend´, v. t. [OE. forfenden; pref. for- + fenden to fend. See Fend, v. t.] To hinder; to fend off; to avert; to prevent the approach of; to forbid or prohibit. See Forfend.
"God forefend it should ever be recorded in our history." Landor.
"It would be a far better work … to forefend the cruelty." I. Taylor.

Foreflow
Fore•flow´, v. t. To flow before. [Obs.]

Forefoot
Fore´foot, n.
1. One of the anterior feet of a quadruped or multiped; — usually written fore foot.
2. (Shipbuilding) A piece of timber which terminates the keel at the fore end, connecting it with the lower end of the stem.

Forefront
Fore´front, n. Foremost part or place.
"Set ye Uriah in the forefront of the hottest battle." 2 Sam. xi. 15.
"Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, standing in the forefront for all time, the masters of those who know." J. C. Shairp.

Foregame
Fore´game, n. A first game; first plan. [Obs.] Whitlock.

Foreganger
Fore´gang•er, n. [Prop., a goer before cf. G. voregänger. See Fore, and Gang.] (Naut.) A short rope grafted on a harpoon, to which a longer line may be attached. Totten.

Foregleam
Fore´gleam, n. An antecedent or premonitory gleam; a dawning light.
"The foregleams of wisdom." Whittier.

Forego
Fore•go´, v. t. [ imp. Forewent 2; p. p. Foregone ( 115); p. pr. & vb. n. Foregoing.] [See Forgo.]
1. To quit; to relinquish; to leave.
"Stay at the third cup, or forego the place." Herbert.
2. To relinquish the enjoyment or advantage of; to give up; to resign; to renounce; — said of a thing already enjoyed, or of one within reach, or anticipated.
"All my patrimony,, If need be, I am ready to forego." Milton.
"Thy lovers must their promised heaven forego." Keble.
"[He] never forewent an opportunity of honest profit." R. L. Stevenson. Forgo is the better spelling etymologically, but the word has been confused with Forego, to go before.

Forego
Fore•go´, v. t. [AS. foregan; fore + gan to go; akin to G. vorgehen to go before, precede. See Go, v. i.] To go before; to precede; — used especially in the present and past participles.
"Pleasing remembrance of a thought foregone." Wordsworth.
"For which the very mother’s face forewent The mother’s special patience." Mrs. Browning.Foregone conclusion, one which has preceded argument or examination; one predetermined.

Foreground
Fore´ground, n. On a painting, and sometimes in a bas-relief, mosaic picture, or the like, that part of the scene represented, which is nearest to the spectator, and therefore occupies the lowest part of the work of art itself. Cf. Distance, n. , 6.

Foregut
Fore´gut, n. (Anat.) The anterior part of the alimentary canal, from the mouth to the intestine, or to the entrance of the bile duct.

Forehand
Fore´hand, n.
1. All that part of a horse which is before the rider. Johnson.
2. The chief or most important part. Shak.
3. Superiority; advantage; start; precedence.
"And, but for ceremony, such a wretch … Had the forehand and vantage of a king." Shak.

Forehand
Fore´hand, a. Done beforehand; anticipative.
"And so extenuate the forehand sin." Shak.

Forehanded
Fore´hand•ed, a.
1. Early; timely; seasonable. "Forehanded care." Jer. Taylor.
2. Beforehand with one’s needs, or having resources in advance of one’s necessities; in easy circumstances; as a forehanded farmer. [U.S.]
3. Formed in the forehand or fore parts.
"A substantial, true-bred beast, bravely forehanded." Dryden.

Forehead
Fore´head ( 277), n.
1. The front of that part of the head which incloses the brain; that part of the face above the eyes; the brow.
2. The aspect or countenance; assurance.
"To look with forehead bold and big enough Upon the power and puissance of the king." Shak.
3. The front or fore part of anything.
"Flames in the forehead of the morning sky." Milton.
"So rich advantage of a promised glory As smiles upon the forehead of this action." Shak.

Forehear
Fore•hear´, v. i. & t. To hear beforehand.

Forehearth
Fore´hearth, n. (Metal.) The forward extension of the hearth of a blast furnace under the tymp.

Forehend
Fore•hend´, v. t. See Forhend. [Obs.]

Forehold
Fore´hold, n. (Naut.) The forward part of the hold of a ship.

Foreholding
Fore•hold´ing, n. Ominous foreboding; superstitious prognostication. [Obs.] L’Estrange.

Forehook
Fore´hook, n. (Naut.) A piece of timber placed across the stem, to unite the bows and strengthen the fore part of the ship; a breast hook.

Foreign
For´eign, a. [OE. forein, F. forain, LL. foraneus, fr. L. foras, foris, out of doors, abroad, without; akin to fores doors, and E. door. See Door, and cf. Foreclose, Forfeit, Forest, Forum.]
1. Outside; extraneous; separated; alien; as a foreign country; a foreign government. "Foreign worlds." Milton.
2. Not native or belonging to a certain country; born in or belonging to another country, nation, sovereignty, or locality; as a foreign language; foreign fruits. "Domestic and foreign writers." Atterbury.
"Hail, foreign wonder! Whom certain these rough shades did never breed." Milton.
3. Remote; distant; strange; not belonging; not connected; not pertaining or pertient; not appropriate; not harmonious; not agreeable; not congenial; — with to or from; as foreign to the purpose; foreign to one’s nature.
"This design is not foreign from some people’s thoughts." Swift.
4. Held at a distance; excluded; exiled. [Obs.]
"Kept him a foreign man still; which so grieved him, That he ran mad and died." Shak. Foreign attachment (Law), a process by which the property of a foreign or absent debtor is attached for the satisfaction of a debt due from him to the plaintiff; an attachment of the goods, effects, or credits of a debtor in the hands of a third person; — called in some States trustee, in others factorizing, and in others garnishee process. Kent. Tomlins. Cowell. — Foreign bill, a bill drawn in one country, and payable in another, as distinguished from an inland bill, which is one drawn and payable in the same country. In this latter, as well as in several other points of view, the different States of the United States are foreign to each other. See Exchange, n. , 4. Kent. Story. — Foreign body (Med.), a substance occurring in any part of the body where it does not belong, and usually introduced from without. - - Foreign office, that department of the government of Great Britain which has charge British interests in foreign countries.
Syn. — Outlandish; alien; exotic; remote; distant; extraneous; extrinsic.

Foreignism
For´eign•ism, n. Anything peculiar to a foreign language or people; a foreign idiom or custom.
"It is a pity to see the technicalities of the so- called liberal professions distigured by foreignisms." Fitzed. Hall.

Foreignness
For´eign•ness, n. The quality of being foreign; remoteness; want of relation or appropriateness.
"Let not the foreignness of the subject hinder you from endeavoring to set me right." Locke.
"A foreignness of complexion." G. Eliot.

Forein
For´ein, a. Foreign. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Forejudge
Fore•judge´, v. t. [ Fore + judge.] To judge beforehand, or before hearing the facts and proof; to prejudge.

Forejudge
Fore•judge´, v. t. [For forjudge, fr. F. forjuger; OF. fors outside, except + F. juger to judge.] (O. Eng. Law) To expel from court for some offense or misconduct, as an attorney or officer; to deprive or put out of a thing by the judgment of a court. Burrill.

Forejudger
Fore•judg´er, n. (Eng. Law) A judgment by which one is deprived or put out of a right or thing in question.

Forejudgment
Fore•judg´ment, n. Prejudgment. [Obs.] Spenser.

Foreknow
Fore•know´, v. t. [ imp. Foreknew p. p. Foreknown p. pr. & vb. n. Foreknowing.] To have previous knowledge of; to know beforehand.
"Who would the miseries of man foreknow?" Dryden.

Foreknower
Fore•know´er, n. One who foreknows.

Foreknowingly
Fore•know´ing•ly, adv. With foreknowledge.
"He who … foreknowingly loses his life." Jer. Taylor.

Foreknowledge
Fore•knowl´edge, n. Knowledge of a thing before it happens, or of whatever is to happen; prescience.
"If I foreknew, Foreknowledge had no influence on their fault." Milton.

Forel
For´el, n. [OE. forelcase, sheath, OF. forel, fourel, F. fourreau, LL. forellus, fr. OF. forre, fuerre, sheath, case, of German origin; cf. OHG. fuotar, akin to Goth. fodr; prob. not the same word as E. fodder food. Cf. Fur, Fodder food.] A kind of parchment for book covers. See Forrill.

Forel
For´el, v. t. To bind with a forel. [R.] Fuller.

Foreland
Fore´land, n.
1. A promontory or cape; a headland; as the North and South Foreland in Kent, England.
2. (Fort.) A piece of ground between the wall of a place and the moat. Farrow.
3. (Hydraul. Engin.) That portion of the natural shore on the outside of the embankment which receives the stock of waves and deadens their force. Knight.

Forelay
Fore•lay´, v. t.
1. To lay down beforehand.
"These grounds being forelaid and understood." Mede.
2. To waylay. See Forlay. [Obs.]

Forelend
Fore•lend´, v. t. See Forlend. [Obs.]
"As if that life to losse they had forelent." Spenser.

Forelift
Fore•lift´, v. t. To lift up in front. [Obs.]

Forelock
Fore´lock, n.
1. The lock of hair that grows from the forepart of the head.
2. (Mech.) A cotter or split pin, as in a slot in a bolt, to prevent retraction; a linchpin; a pin fastening the cap-square of a gun. Forelock bolt, a bolt retained by a key, gib, or cotter passing through a slot. — Forelock hook (Rope Making), a winch or whirl by which a bunch of three yarns is twisted into a standard. Knight. — To taketime, or occasion, by the forelock, to make prompt use of anything; not to let slip an opportunity.
"Time is painted with a lock before and bald behind, signifying thereby that we must take time by the forelock; for when it is once past, there is no recalling it." Swift.
"On occasion’s forelock watchful wait." Milton.

Forelook
Fore•look´, v. i. To look beforehand or forward. [Obs.] Spenser.

Foreman
Fore´man, n. ; pl. Foremen . The first or chief man; as: (a) The chief man of a jury, who acts as their speaker. (b) The chief of a set of hands employed in a shop, or on works of any kind, who superintends the rest; an overseer.

Foremast
Fore´mast, n. (Naut.) The mast nearest the bow. Foremasthand or man (Naut.), a common sailor; also a man stationed to attend to the gear of the foremast.

Foremeant
Fore•meant´, a. Intended beforehand; premeditated. [Obs.] Spenser.

Forementioned
Fore´men•tioned, a. Mentioned before; already cited; aforementioned. Addison.

Foremilk
Fore´milk, n. (Physiol.) The milk secreted just before, or directly after, the birth of a child or of the young of an animal; colostrum.

Foremost
Fore´most, a. [OE. formest first, AS. formest, fyrmest, superl. of forma first, which is a superl. fr. fore fore; cf. Goth. frumist, fruma, first. See Fore, adv. , and cf. First, Former, Frame, v. t., Prime, a. ] First in time or place; most advanced; chief in rank or dignity; as the foremost troops of an army.
"THat struck the foremost man of all this world." Shak.

Foremother
Fore´moth•er, n. A female ancestor.

Forename
Fore´name, n. A name that precedes the family name or surname; a first name. Selden.

Forename
Fore´name, v. t. To name or mention before. Shak.

Forenamed
Fore´named, a. Named before; aforenamed.

Forenenst
Fore•nenst´, prep. [See Fore, and Anent.] Over against; opposite to. [Now dialectic]
"The land forenenst the Greekish shore." Fairfax.

Forenoon
Fore´noon´, n. The early part of the day, from morning to meridian, or noon.

Forenotice
Fore´no•tice, n. Notice or information of an event before it happens; forewarning. [R.] Rymer.

Forensal
Fo•ren´sal, a. Forensic. [R.]

Forensic
Fo•ren´sic, a. [L. forensis, fr. forum a public place, market place. See Forum.] Belonging to courts of judicature or to public discussion and debate; used in legal proceedings, or in public discussions; argumentative; rhetorical; as forensic eloquence or disputes. Forensic medicine, medical jurisprudence; medicine in its relations to law.

Forensic
Fo•ren´sic, n. (Amer. Colleges) An exercise in debate; a forensic contest; an argumentative thesis.

Forensical
Fo•ren´sic•al, a. Forensic. Berkley.

Foreordain
Fore•or•dain´, v. t. To ordain or appoint beforehand; to preordain; to predestinate; to predetermine. Hooker.

Foreordinate
Fore•or´di•nate, v. t. To foreordain.

Foreordination
Fore•or•di•na´tion, n. Previous ordination or appointment; predetermination; predestination. { Fore" part•, or Fore´part• }, n. The part most advanced, or first in time or in place; the beginning.

Forepast
Fore´past, a. Bygone. [Obs.] Shak.

Forepossessed
Fore•pos•sessed´, a.
1. Holding or held formerly in possession. [Obs.]
2. Preoccupied; prepossessed; preëngaged. [Obs.]
"Not extremely forepossessed with prejudice." Bp. Sanderson.

Foreprize
Fore•prize´, v. t. To prize or rate beforehand. [Obs.] Hooker.

Forepromised
Fore•prom´ised, a. Promised beforehand; preëngaged. Bp. Hall.

Forequoted
Fore´quot•ed, a. Cited before; quoted in a foregoing part of the treatise or essay.

Foreran
Fore•ran´, imp. of Forerun.

Forereach
Fore•reach´, v. t. (Naut.) To advance or gain upon; — said of a vessel that gains upon another when sailing closehauled.

Forereach
Fore•reach´, v. i. (Naut.) To shoot ahead, especially when going in stays. R. H. Dana, Jr.

Foreread
Fore•read´, v. t. To tell beforehand; to signify by tokens; to predestine. [Obs.] Spenser.

Forerecited
Fore•re•cit´ed, a. Named or recited before. "The forerecited practices." Shak.

Foreremembered
Fore•re•mem´bered, a. Called to mind previously. Bp. Montagu.

Foreright
Fore´right, a. Ready; directly forward; going before. [Obs.] "A foreright wind." Chapman.

Foreright
Fore´right, adv. Right forward; onward. [Obs.]

Forerun
Fore•run´, v. t.
1. To turn before; to precede; to be in advance of (something following).
2. To come before as an earnest of something to follow; to introduce as a harbinger; to announce.
"These signs forerun the death or fall of kings." Shak.

Forerunner
Fore•run´ner, n.
1. A messenger sent before to give notice of the approach of others; a harbinger; a sign foreshowing something; a prognostic; as the forerunner of a fever.
"Whither the forerunner in for us entered, even Jesus." Heb. vi. 20.
"My elder brothers, my forerunners, came." Dryden.
2. A predecessor; an ancestor. [Obs.] Shak.
3. (Naut.) A piece of rag terminating the log line.

Foresaid
Fore´said, a. Mentioned before; aforesaid.

Foresail
Fore´sail, n. (Naut.) (a) The sail bent to the foreyard of a square- rigged vessel, being the lowest sail on the foremast. (b) The gaff sail set on the foremast of a schooner. (c) The fore staysail of a sloop, being the triangular sail next forward of the mast.

Foresay
Fore•say´, v. t. [AS. foresecgan; fore + secgan to say. See Say, v. t.] To foretell. [Obs.]
"Her danger nigh that sudden change foresaid." Fairfax.

Foreseen
Fore•seen´, conj. , or (strictly) p. p. Provided; in case that; on condition that. [Obs.]
"One manner of meat is most sure to every complexion, foreseen that it be alway most commonly in conformity of qualities, with the person that eateth." Sir T. Elyot.

Foreseer
Fore•se´er, n. One who foresees or foreknows.

Foreseize
Fore•seize´, v. t. To seize beforehand.

Foreshadow
Fore•shad´ow, v. t. To shadow or typiy beforehand; to prefigure. Dryden.

Foreshew
Fore•shew´, v. t. See Foreshow.

Foreshorten
Fore•short´en, v. t.
1. (Fine Art) To represent on a plane surface, as if extended in a direction toward the spectator or nearly so; to shorten by drawing in perspective.
2. Fig.: To represent pictorially to the imagination.
"Songs, and deeds, and lives that lie Foreshortened in the tract of time." Tennyson.

Foreshortening
Fore•short´en•ing, n. (Fine Arts) Representation in a foreshortened mode or way.

Foreshot
Fore´shot, n. In distillation of low wines, the first portion of spirit that comes over, being a fluid abounding in fusel oil. Knight.

Foreshow
Fore•show´, v. t. [AS. foresceáwian to foresee, provide; fore + sceáwian to see. See Show, v. t.] To show or exhibit beforehand; to give foreknowledge of; to prognosticate; to foretell.
"Your looks foreshow You have a gentle heart." Shak.
"Next, like Aurora, Spenser rose, Whose purple blush the day foreshows." Denham.

Foreside
Fore´side, n.
1. The front side; the front; esp., a stretch of country fronting the sea.
2. The outside or external covering. Spenser.

Foresight
Fore´sight, n.
1. The act or the power of foreseeing; prescience; foreknowledge. Milton.
2. Action in reference to the future; provident care; prudence; wise forethought.
"This seems an unseasonable foresight." Milton.
"A random expense, without plan or foresight." Burke.
3. (Surv.) Any sight or reading of the leveling staff, except the backsight; any sight or bearing taken by a compass or theodolite in a forward direction.
4. (Gun.) Muzzle sight. See Fore sight, under Fore, a.

Foresightful
Fore´sight•ful, a. Foresighted. [Obs.]

Foresignify
Fore•sig´ni•fy, v. t. To signify beforehand; to foreshow; to typify. Milton.

Foreskin
Fore´skin, n. (Anat.) The fold of skin which covers the glans of the penis; the prepuce.

Foreskirt
Fore´skirt, n. The front skirt of a garment, in distinction from the train.
"Honor’s train Is longer than his foreskirt." Shak.

Foreslack
Fore•slack´, v. t. [Obs.] See Forslack.

Foreslow
Fore•slow´, v. t. [See Forslow.] To make slow; to hinder; to obstruct. [Obs.] See Forslow, v. t.
"No stream, no wood, no mountain could foreslow Their hasty pace." Fairfax.

Foreslow
Fore•slow´, v. i. To loiter. [Obs.] See Forslow, v. i.

Forespeaking
Fore´speak•ing, n. A prediction; also a preface. [Obs.] Camden. Huloet.

Forespeech
Fore´speech, n. A preface. [Obs.] Sherwood.

Forespent
Fore•spent´, a. [ Fore + spent.] Already spent; gone by; past. [Obs.] Shak.

Forespent
Fore•spent´, a. [Obs.] See Forspent.

Forest
For´est, n. [OF. forest, F. forêt, LL. forestis, also forestus, forestum, foresta, prop., open ground reserved for the chase, fr. L. foris, foras, out of doors, abroad. See Foreign.]
1. An extensive wood; a large tract of land covered with trees; in the United States, a wood of native growth, or a tract of woodland which has never been cultivated.
2. (Eng. Law) A large extent or precinct of country, generally waste and woody, belonging to the sovereign, set apart for the keeping of game for his use, not inclosed, but distinguished by certain limits, and protected by certain laws, courts, and officers of its own. Burrill.

Forest
For´est, a. Of or pertaining to a forest; sylvan. Forest fly. (Zoöl.) (a) One of numerous species of blood-sucking flies, of the family Tabanidae, which attack both men and beasts. See Horse fly. (b) A fly of the genus Hippobosca, esp. H. equina. See Horse tick. — Forest glade, a grassy space in a forest. Thomson. — Forest laws, laws for the protection of game, preservation of timber, etc., in forests. — Forest tree, a tree of the forest, especially a timber tree, as distinguished from a fruit tree.

Forest
For´est, v. t. To cover with trees or wood.

Forestaff
Fore´staff, n. (Naut.) An instrument formerly used at sea for taking the altitudes of heavenly bodies, now superseded by the sextant; — called also cross-staff. Brande & C.

Forestage
For´est•age, n. [Cf. F. forestage.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) A duty or tribute payable to the king’s foresters. (b) A service paid by foresters to the king.

Forestal
For´est•al, a. Of or pertaining to forests; as forestal rights.

Forestall
Fore•stall´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Forestalled p. pr. & vb. n. Forestalling.] [OE. forstallen to stop, to obstruct; to stop (goods) on the way to the market by buying them beforehand, from forstal obstruction, AS. forsteal, foresteall, prop., a placing one’s self before another. See Fore, and Stall.]
1. To take beforehand, or in advance; to anticipate.
"What need a man forestall his date of grief, And run to meet what he would most avoid?" Milton.
2. To take possession of, in advance of some one or something else, to the exclusion or detriment of the latter; to get ahead of; to preoccupy; also to exclude, hinder, or prevent, by prior occupation, or by measures taken in advance.
"An ugly serpent which forestalled their way." Fairfax.
"But evermore those damsels did forestall Their furious encounter." Spenser.
"To be forestalled ere we come to fall." Shak.
"Habit is a forestalled and obstinate judge." Rush.
3. To deprive; — with of. [R.]
"All the better; may This night forestall him of the coming day!" Shak.
4. (Eng. Law) To obstruct or stop up, as a way; to stop the passage of on highway; to intercept on the road, as goods on the way to market. To forestall the market, to buy or contract for merchandise or provision on its way to market, with the intention of selling it again at a higher price; to dissuade persons from bringing their goods or provisions there; or to persuade them to enhance the price when there. This was an offense at law in England until 1844. Burrill.
Syn. — To anticipate; monopolize; engross.

Forestay
Fore´stay, n. (Naut.) A large, strong rope, reaching from the foremast head to the bowsprit, to support the mast. See Illust. under Ship.

Forestick
Fore´stick, n. Front stick of a hearth fire.

Forestry
For´est•ry, n. [Cf. OF. foresterie.] The art of forming or of cultivating forests; the management of growing timber. { Fore´swart•, Fore´swart• } a. [Obs.] See Forswat.

Foretaster
Fore´tast•er, n. One who tastes beforehand, or before another.

Foreteach
Fore•teach´, v. t. To teach beforehand. [Obs.]

Foretell
Fore•tell´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Foretold p. pr. & vb. n. Foretelling.] To predict; to tell before occurence; to prophesy; to foreshow.
"Deeds then undone my faithful tongue foretold." Pope.
"Prodigies, foretelling the future eminence and luster of his character." C. Middleton.
Syn. — To predict; prophesy; prognosticate; augur.

Foretell
Fore•tell´, v. i. To utter predictions. Acts iii. 24.

Foreteller
Fore•tell´er, n. One who predicts. Boyle.

Forethink
Fore•think´, v. t.
1. To think beforehand; to anticipate in the mind; to prognosticate. [Obs.]
"The soul of every man Prophetically doth forethink thy fall." Shak.
2. To contrive (something) beforehend. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Forethink
Fore•think´, v. i. To contrive beforehand. [Obs.]

Forethought
Fore´thought, a. Thought of, or planned, beforehand; aforethought; prepense; hence, deliberate. "Forethought malice." Bacon.

Forethought
Fore´thought, n. A thinking or planning beforehand; prescience; premeditation; forecast; provident care.
"A sphere that will demand from him forethought, courage, and wisdom." I. Taylor.

Forethoughtful
Fore´thought•ful, a. Having forethought. [R.]

Foretime
Fore´time, n. The past; the time before the present. "A very dim foretime." J. C. Shairp.

Foretoken
Fore´to•ken, n. [AS. foretacen. See Token.] Prognostic; previous omen. Sir P. Sidney.

Foretoken
Fore•to´ken, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Foretokened p. pr. & vb. n. Foretokening ] [AS. foretacnian; fore + tacnian.] To foreshow; to presignify; to prognosticate.
"Whilst strange prodigious signs foretoken blood." Daniel.

Fore-topgallant
Fore•-top•gal´lant, a. (Naut.) Designating the mast, sail, yard, etc., above the topmast; as the fore-topgallant sail. See Sail.

Forevouched
Fore•vouched´ (for•voucht"), a. Formerly vouched or avowed; affirmed in advance. [R.] Shak.

Foreward
Fore´ward (for"ward•), n. The van; the front. [Obs.]
"My foreward shall be drawn out all in length, Consisting equally of horse and foot." Shak.

Forewarn
Fore•warn´ (for•warn"), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Forewarned (-warnd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Forewarning.] To warn beforehand; to give previous warning, admonition, information, or notice to; to caution in advance.
"We were forewarned of your coming." Shak.

Forewish
Fore•wish´, v. t. To wish beforehand.

Forewit
Fore´wit, n.
1. A leader, or would-be leader, in matters of knowledge or taste. [Obs.]
"Nor that the forewits, that would draw the rest unto their liking, always like the best." B. Jonson.
2. Foresight; prudence.
"Let this forewit guide thy thought." Southwell.

Forewite
Fore•wite´, v. t. [ pres. indic. sing., 1st & 3d pers. Forewot, 2d person Forewost, pl. Forewiten ; imp. sing. Forewiste, pl. Forewisten ; p. pr. & vb. n. Forewiting ] [AS. forewitan. See Wit to know.] To foreknow. [Obs.] [Written also forwete.] Chaucer.

Foreword
Fore´word, n. A preface. Furnvall.

Foreworn
Fore•worn´, a. [See Forworn.] Worn out; wasted; used up. [Archaic]
"Old foreworn stories almost forgotten." Brydges.

Forfeit
For´feit, n. [OE. forfet crime, penalty, F. forfait crime (LL. forefactum, forifactum), prop. p. p. of forfaire to forfeit, transgress, fr. LL. forifacere, prop., to act beyond; L. foris out of doors, abroad, beyond + facere to do. See Foreign, and Fact.]
1. Injury; wrong; mischief. [Obs. & R.]
"To seek arms upon people and country that never did us any forfeit." Ld. Berners.
2. A thing forfeit or forfeited; what is or may be taken from one in requital of a misdeed committed; that which is lost, or the right to which is alienated, by a crime, offense, neglect of duty, or breach of contract; hence, a fine; a mulct; a penalty; as he who murders pays the forfeit of his life.
"Thy slanders I forgive; and therewithal Remit thy other forfeits." Shak.
3. Something deposited and redeemable by a sportive fine; — whence the game of forfeits.
"Country dances and forfeits shortened the rest of the day." Goldsmith.

Forfeit
For´feit, a. [F. forfait, p. p. of forfaire. See Forfeit, n. ] Lost or alienated for an offense or crime; liable to penal seizure.
"Thy wealth being forfeit to the state." Shak.
"To tread the forfeit paradise." Emerson.

Forfeit
For´feit, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Forfeited; p. pr. & vb. n. Forfeiting.] [OE. forfeten. See Forfeit, n. ] To lose, or lose the right to, by some error, fault, offense, or crime; to render one’s self by misdeed liable to be deprived of; to alienate the right to possess, by some neglect or crime; as to forfeit an estate by treason; to forfeit reputation by a breach of promise; — with to before the one acquiring what is forfeited.
"[They] had forfeited their property by their crimes." Burke.
"Undone and forfeited to cares forever!" Shak.

Forfeit
For´feit, v. i.
1. To be guilty of a misdeed; to be criminal; to transgress. [Obs.]
2. To fail to keep an obligation. [Obs.]
"I will have the heart of him if he forfeit." Shak.

Forfeit
For´feit, p. p. or a. In the condition of being forfeited; subject to alienation. Shak.
"Once more I will renew His lapsèd powers, though forfeite." Milton.

Forfeitable
For´feit•a•ble, a. Liable to be forfeited; subject to forfeiture.
"For the future, uses shall be subject to the statutes of mortmain, and forfeitable, like the lands themselves." Blackstone.

Forfeiter
For´feit•er, n. One who incurs a penalty of forfeiture.

Forfeiture
For´fei•ture ( 135), n. [F. forfeiture, LL. forisfactura.]
1. The act of forfeiting; the loss of some right, privilege, estate, honor, office, or effects, by an offense, crime, breach of condition, or other act.
"Under pain of foreiture of the said goods." Hakluyt.
2. That which is forfeited; a penalty; a fine or mulct.
"What should I gain By the exaction of the forfeiture?" Shak.
Syn. — Fine; mulct; amercement; penalty.

Forfend
For•fend´, v. t. [Pref. for- + fend. See Forewend.] To prohibit; to forbid; to avert. [Archaic]
"Which peril heaven forefend!" Shak. This is etymologically the preferable spelling.

Forficate
For´fi•cate, a. [L. forfex, forficis, shears.] (Zoöl.) Deeply forked, as the tail of certain birds.