Ex parte
Ex• par"te [L. See Ex-, and Part.] Upon or from one side only; one-sided; partial; as an ex parte statement. Ex parte application, one made without notice or opportunity to oppose. — Ex parte council, one that assembles at the request of only one of the parties in dispute. — Ex partehearing or evidence (Law), that which is had or taken by one side or party in the absence of the other. Hearings before grand juries, and affidavits, are ex parte. Wharton’s Law Dict. Burrill.
Exacerbate
Ex•ac´er•bate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exacerrated p. pr. & vb. n. Exacerrating ] [L. exacerbatus, p. p. of exacerbare; ex out (intens.) + acerbare. See Acerbate.] To render more violent or bitter; to irritate; to exasperate; to imbitter, as passions or disease. Broughman.
Exacervation
Ex•ac•er•va´tion, n. [L. exacervare to heap up exceedingly. See Ex-, and Acervate.] The act of heaping up. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exacinate
Ex•ac´i•nate, v. t. [L. ex out + acinus kernel.] To remove the kernel form.
Exact
Ex•act´, a. [L. exactus precise, accurate, p. p. of exigere to drive out, to demand, enforce, finish, determine, measure; ex out + agere to drive; cf. F. exact. See Agent, Act.]
1. Precisely agreeing with a standard, a fact, or the truth; perfectly conforming; neither exceeding nor falling short in any respect; true; correct; precise; as the clock keeps exact time; he paid the exact debt; an exact copy of a letter; exact accounts.
"I took a great pains to make out the exact truth." Jowett (Thucyd. )
2. Habitually careful to agree with a standard, a rule, or a promise; accurate; methodical; punctual; as a man exact in observing an appointment; in my doings I was exact. "I see thou art exact of taste." Milton.
3. Precisely or definitely conceived or stated; strict.
"An exact command,
Larded with many several sorts of reason." Shak.
Exact
Ex•act´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exacted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exacting.] [From L. exactus, p. p. of exigere; or fr. LL. exactare: cf. OF. exacter. See Exact, a. ] To demand or require authoritatively or peremptorily, as a right; to enforce the payment of, or a yielding of; to compel to yield or to furnish; hence, to wrest, as a fee or reward when none is due; — followed by from or of before the one subjected to exaction; as to exact tribute, fees, obedience, etc., from or of some one.
"He said into them, Exact no more than that which is appointed you." Luke. iii. 13.
"Years of servise past
From grateful souls exact reward at last" Dryden.
"My designs Exact me in another place." Massinger.
Exact
Ex•act´, v. i. To practice exaction. [R.]
"The anemy shall not exact upon him." Ps. lxxxix. 22.
Exactitude
Ex•act´i•tude, n. [Cf. F. exactitude.] The quality of being exact; exactness.
Exactress
Ex•act´ress, n. [Cf. L. exactrix.] A woman who is an exactor. [R.] B. Jonson.
Exaggerate
Ex•ag´ger•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exaggerated p. pr. & vb. n. Exaggerating . ] [L. exaggeratus, p. p. of exaggerare to heap up; ex out + aggerare to heap up, fr. agger heap, aggerere to bring to; a. to + gerere to bear. See Jest. ]
1. To heap up; to accumulate. [Obs.] "Earth exaggerated upon them [oaks and firs]." Sir M. Hale.
2. To amplify; to magnify; to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth ; to delineate extravagantly ; to overstate the truth concerning.
"A friend exaggerates a man’s virtues." Addison.
Exaggerated
Ex•ag´ger•a•ted, a. Enlarged beyond bounds or the truth. — Ex•ag´ger•a•ted•ly, adv.
Exaggerator
Ex•ag´ger•a•tor, n. [L.] One who exaggerates; one addicted to exaggeration. L. Horner.
Exaggeratory
Ex•ag´ger•a•to•ry, a. Containing, or tending to, exaggeration; exaggerative. Johnson.
Exagitate
Ex•ag´i•tate, v. t. [L. exagitatus, p. p. of exagitare. See Ex-, and Agitate.]
1. To stir up; to agitate. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
2. To satirize; to censure severely. [Obs.] Hooker.
Exagitation
Ex•ag•i•ta´tion, n. [L. exagitatio : cf. OF. exagitation.] Agitation. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exalt
Ex•alt´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exalted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exalting.] [L. exaltare; ex out (intens.) + altare to make high, altus high: cf.F. exalter. See Altitude.]
1. To raise high; to elevate; to lift up.
"I will exalt my throne above the stars of God." Is. xiv. 13.
"Exalt thy towery head, and lift thine eyes" Pope.
2. To elevate in rank, dignity, power, wealth, character, or the like; to dignify; to promote; as to exalt a prince to the throne, a citizen to the presidency.
"Righteousness exalteth a nation." Prov. xiv. 34.
"He that humbleth himself shall be exalted." Luke xiv. 11.
3. To elevate by prise or estimation; to magnify; to extol; to glorify. "Exalt ye the Lord." Ps. xcix. 5.
"In his own grace he doth exalt himself." Shak.
4. To lift up with joy, pride, or success; to inspire with delight or satisfaction; to elate.
"They who thought they got whatsoever he lost were mightily exalted." Dryden.
5. To elevate the tone of, as of the voice or a musical instrument. Is. xxxvii. 23.
"Now Mars, she said, let Fame exalt her voice." Prior.
6. (Alchem.) To render pure or refined; to intensify or concentrate; as to exalt the juices of bodies.
"With chemic art exalts the mineral powers." Pope.
Examen
Ex•a´men, n. [L., the tongue of a balance, examination; for exagmen, fr. exigere to weigh accurately, to treat: cf. F. examen. See Exact, a. ] Examination; inquiry. [R.] "A critical examen of the two pieces." Cowper.
Exametron
Ex•am´e•tron, n. [NL. See Hexameter.] An hexameter. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Examinable
Ex•am´i•na•ble, a. Capable of being examined or inquired into. Bacon.
Examinate
Ex•am´i•nate, n. [L. examinatus, p. p. of examinare. See Examine. ] A person subjected to examination. [Obs.] Bacon.
Examinator
Ex•am´i•na•tor (#), n. [L.: cf. F. examinateur.] An examiner. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Examine
Ex•am´ine, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Examined p. pr. & vb. n. Examining.] [L. examinare, examinatum, fr. examen, examinis: cf. F. examiner. See Examen.]
1. To test by any appropriate method; to inspect carefully with a view to discover the real character or state of; to subject to inquiry or inspection of particulars for the purpose of obtaining a fuller insight into the subject of examination, as a material substance, a fact, a reason, a cause, the truth of a statement; to inquire or search into; to explore; as to examine a mineral; to examine a ship to know whether she is seaworthy; to examine a proposition, theory, or question.
"Examine well your own thoughts." Chaucer.
"Examine their counsels and their cares." Shak.
2. To interrogate as in a judicial proceeding; to try or test by question; as to examine a witness in order to elicit testimony, a student to test his qualifications, a bankrupt touching the state of his property, etc.
"The offenders that are to be examined." Shak.
Syn. — To discuss; debate; scrutinize; search into; investigate; explore. See Discuss.
Examinership
Ex•am´in•er•ship, n. The office or rank of an examiner.
Examining
Ex•am´in•ing, a. Having power to examine; appointed to examine; as an examining committee.
Examplary
Ex´am•pla•ry, a. [From Example, cf. Exemplary.] Serving for example or pattern; exemplary. [Obs.] Hooker.
Example
Ex•am´ple, n. [A later form for ensample, fr. L. exemplum, orig., what is taken out of a larger quantity, as a sample, from eximere to take out. See Exempt, and cf. Ensample, Sample.]
1. One or a portion taken to show the character or quality of the whole; a sample; a specimen.
2. That which is to be followed or imitated as a model; a pattern or copy.
"For I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have done to you." John xiii. 15.
"I gave, thou sayest, the example; I led the way." Milton.
3. That which resembles or corresponds with something else; a precedent; a model.
"Such temperate order in so fierce a cause
Doth want example." Shak.
4. That which is to be avoided; one selected for punishment and to serve as a warning; a warning.
"Hang him; he’ll be made an example." Shak.
"Now these things were our examples, to the intent that we should not lust after evil things, as they also lusted." 1 Cor. x. 6.
5. An instance serving for illustration of a rule or precept, especially a problem to be solved, or a case to be determined, as an exercise in the application of the rules of any study or branch of science; as in trigonometry and grammar, the principles and rules are illustrated by examples.
Syn. — Precedent; case; instance. — Example, Instance. The discrimination to be made between these two words relates to cases in which we give "instances" or "examples" of things done. An instance denotes the single case then "standing" before us; if there be others like it, the word does not express this fact. On the contrary, an example is one of an entire class of like things, and should be a true representative or sample of that class. Hence, an example proves a rule or regular course of things; an instance simply points out what may be true only in the case presented. A man’s life may be filled up with examples of the self-command and kindness which marked his character, and may present only a solitary instance of haste or severity. Hence, the word "example" should never be used to describe what stands singly and alone. We do, however, sometimes apply the word instance to what is really an example, because we are not thinking of the latter under this aspect, but solely as a case which "stands before us." See Precedent.
Example
Ex•am´ple, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exampled p. pr. & vb. n. Exampling ] To set an example for; to give a precedent for; to exemplify; to give an instance of; to instance. [Obs.] "I may example my digression by some mighty precedent." Shak.
"Burke devoted himself to this duty with a fervid assiduity that has not often been exampled, and has never been surpassed." J. Morley.
Exampleless
Ex•am´ple•less, a. Without or above example. [R.]
Exampler
Ex•am´pler, n. [See Exemplar, Example, and cf. Sampler.] A pattern; an exemplar. [Obs.]
Exampless
Ex•am´pless, a. Exampleless. [Wrongly formed.] B. Jonson.
Exanguious
Ex•an´gui•ous, a. Bloodless. [Obs.] See Exsanguious. Sir T. Browne.
Exangulous
Ex•an´gu•lous, a. [Pref ex- + angulous.] Having no corners; without angles. [R.]
Exanimate
Ex•an´i•mate, v. t. To deprive of animation or of life. [Obs.]
Exanimation
Ex•an•i•ma´tion, n. [L. exanimatio.] Deprivation of life or of spirits. [R.] Bailey.
Exanthesis
Ex•an•the´sis, n. [NL., from Gr. . See Exanthema. ] (Med.) An eruption of the skin; cutaneous efflorescence.
Exaration
Ex•a•ra´tion, n. [L. exaratio.] Act of plowing; also act of writing. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exasperate
Ex•as´per•ate, a. [L. exasperatus, p. p. of exsasperare to roughen, exasperate; ex out (intens.) + asperare to make rough, asper rough. See Asperity.] Exasperated; imbittered. [Obs.] Shak.
"Like swallows which the exasperate dying year
Sets spinning." Mrs. Browning.
Exasperate
Ex•as´per•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exsasperated p. pr. & vb. n. Exasperating ]
1. To irritate in a high degree; to provoke; to enrage; to excite or to inflame the anger of; as to exasperate a person or his feelings.
"To exsasperate them against the king of France." Addison.
2. To make grievous, or more grievous or malignant; to aggravate; to imbitter; as to exasperate enmity.
"To exasperate the ways of death." Sir T. Browne.
Syn. — To irritate; provoke. See Irritate.
Exasperater
Ex•as´per•a•ter, n. One who exasperates or inflames anger, enmity, or violence.
Exauthorate
Ex•au´thor•ate, v. t. [L. exauctoratus, p. p. of exauctorare to dismiss; ex out + auctorare to bind to something, to hire, fr. auctor. See Author.] To deprive of authority or office; to depose; to discharge. [Obs.]
"Exauthorated for their unworthiness." Jer. Taylor.
Exauthorize
Ex•au´thor•ize, v. t. [Pref. ex- + authorize.] To deprive of uthority. [Obs.] Selden.
Exauthorize
Ex•au´thor•ize, v. t. [Pref. ex- + authorize.] To deprive of authority. [Obs.] Selden.
Excalceate
Ex•cal´ce•ate, v. t. [L. excalceatus, p. p. of excalceare to unshoe. See Calceated.] To deprive of shoes. [Obs.] Chambers.
Excalceation
Ex•cal•ce•a´tion, n. The act of depriving or divesting of shoes. [Obs.] Chambers.
Excalfaction
Ex•cal•fac´tion, n. [L. excalfactio.] A heating or warming; calefaction. [Obs.] Blount.
Excalfactory
Ex•cal•fac´to•ry, a. [L. excalfactorius.] Heating; warming. [Obs.] Holland.
Excalibur
Ex•cal´i•bur, n. The name of King Arthur’s mythical sword. [Written also Excalibar, Excalibor, Escalibar, and Caliburn.] Tennyson. { Ex•camb´, Ex•cam´bie } v. t. [LL. excambiare, excambire; L. ex out + cambire. See Change, and cf. Exchange.] (Scots Law) To exchange; — used with reference to transfers of land. { Ex•cam´bi•on, Ex•cam´bi•um } n. [LL. excambium. See Excamb.] (Scots Law) Exchange; barter; — used commonly of lands.
Excandescent
Ex•can•des´cent, a. [L. excandescens, p. pr. of excandescere to take fire, glow; ex out (intens.) + candescere to begin to glisten or glow, fr. candere. See Candid.] White or glowing with heat. [R.] Ure.
Excantation
Ex•can•ta´tion, n. [L. excantare to charm out. See Ex, and Chant.] Disenchantment by a countercharm. [Obs.] Gayton.
Excarnificate
Ex•car´ni•fi•cate, v. t. [L. ex out + LL. carnificatus, p. p. carnificare to carnify; cf. L. excarnificare to tear to pieces, torment. See Carnify.] To clear of flesh; to excarnate. Dr. H. More.
Excavate
Ex´ca•vate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excavated p. pr. & vb. n. Excavating] [L. excavatus, p. p. of excavare to excavate; ex out + cavare to make hollow, cavus hollow. See Cave.]
1. To hollow out; to form cavity or hole in; to make hollow by cutting, scooping, or digging; as to excavate a ball; to excavate the earth.
2. To form by hollowing; to shape, as a cavity, or anything that is hollow; as to excavate a canoe, a cellar, a channel.
3. (Engin.) To dig out and remove, as earth.
"The material excavated was usually sand." E. L. Corthell.Excavating pump, a kind of dredging apparatus for excavating under water, in which silt and loose material mixed with water are drawn up by a pump. Knight.
Excave
Ex•cave´, v. t. [L. excavare.] To excavate. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Excecation
Ex•ce•ca´tion, n. The act of making blind. [Obs.] Bp. Richardson.
Excedent
Ex•ced´ent, n. [L. excedens, -entis, p. pr. of excedere. See Exceed, v. t.] Excess. [R.]
Exceed
Ex•ceed´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exceeded; p. pr. & vb. n. Exceeding.] [L. excedere, excessum, to go away or beyond; ex out + cedere to go, to pass: cf. F. exceder. See Cede.] To go beyond; to proceed beyond the given or supposed limit or measure of; to outgo; to surpass; — used both in a good and a bad sense; as one man exceeds another in bulk, stature, weight, power, skill, etc.; one offender exceeds another in villainy; his rank exceeds yours.
"Name the time, but let it not Exceed three days." Shak.
"Observes how much a chintz exceeds mohair." Pope.
Syn. — To outdo; surpass; excel; transcend; outstrip; outvie; overtop.
Exceedable
Ex•ceed´a•ble, a. Capable of exceeding or surpassing. [Obs.] Sherwood.
Excel
Ex•cel´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excelled p. pr. & vb. n. Excelling.] [L. excellere, excelsum; ex out + a root found in culmen height, top; cf. F. exceller. See Culminate, Column.]
1. To go beyond or surpass in good qualities or laudable deeds; to outdo or outgo, in a good sense.
"Excelling others, these were great;
Thou, greater still, must these excel." Prior.
"I saw that wisdom excelleth folly, as far as light excelleth darkness." Eccl. ii. 13.
2. To exceed or go beyond; to surpass.
"She opened; but to shut Excelled her power; the gates wide open stood." Milton.
Excellent
Ex´cel•lent, a. [F. excellent, L. excellens, -entis, p. pr. of excellere. See Excel.]
1. Excelling; surpassing others in some good quality or the sum of qualities; of great worth; eminent, in a good sense; superior; as an excellent man, artist, citizen, husband, discourse, book, song, etc.; excellent breeding, principles, aims, action.
"To love …
What I see excellent in good or fair." Milton.
2. Superior in kind or degree, irrespective of moral quality; — used with words of a bad significance. [Obs. or Ironical] "An excellent hypocrite." Hume.
"Their sorrows are most excellent." Beau. & Fl.
Syn. — Worthy; choice; prime; valuable; select; exquisite; transcendent; admirable; worthy.
Excelsior
Ex•cel´si•or, a. [L., compar. of excelsus elevated, lofty, p. p. of excellere. See Excel, v. t.] More lofty; still higher; ever upward.
Excentral
Ex•cen´tral, a. [Pref. ex- + central.] (Bot.) Out of the center. { Ex•cen´tric, Ex•cen´tric•al } a.
1. Same as Eccentric, Eccentrical.
2. (Bot.) One-sided; having the normally central portion not in the true center. Gray.
Except
Ex•cept´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excepted; p. pr. & vb. n. Excepting.] [L. exceptus, p. p. of excipere to take or draw out, to except; ex out + capere to take: cf. F. excepter. See Capable.]
1. To take or leave out (anything) from a number or a whole as not belonging to it; to exclude; to omit.
"Who never touched
The excepted tree." Milton.
"Wherein (if we only except the unfitness of the judge) all other things concurred." Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. To object to; to protest against. [Obs.] Shak.
Except
Ex•cept´, prep. [Originally past participle, or verb in the imperative mode.] With exclusion of; leaving or left out; excepting.
"God and his Son except, Created thing naught valued he nor … shunned." Milton.
Syn. — Except, Excepting, But, Save, Besides. Excepting, except, but, and save are exclusive. Except marks exclusion more pointedly. "I have finished all the letters except one," is more marked than "I have finished all the letters but one." Excepting is the same as except, but less used. Save is chiefly found in poetry. Besides (lit., by the side of) is in the nature of addition. "There is no one here except or but him," means, take him away and there is nobody present. "There is nobody here besides him," means, he is present and by the side of, or in addition to, him is nobody. "Few ladies, except her Majesty, could have made themselves heard." In this example, besides should be used, not except.
Exceptioner
Ex•cep´tion•er, n. One who takes exceptions or makes objections. [Obs.] Milton.
Exceptor
Ex•cept´or, n. [L., a scribe.] One who takes exceptions. T. Burnet.
Excerebrose
Ex•cer´e•brose, a. [See Excerebration.] Brainless. [R.]
Excern
Ex•cern´, v. t. [L. excernere. See Excrete.] To excrete; to throw off through the pores; as fluids are excerned in perspiration. [R.] Bacon.
Excernent
Ex•cern´ent, a. [See Excern.] (Physiol.) Connected with, or pertaining to, excretion.
Excerp
Ex•cerp´, v. t. [L. excerpere, excerptum; ex out + carpere to pick, gather. See Harvest, and cf. Scarce, a. ] To pick out. [Obs.] Hales.
Excerpt
Ex•cerpt´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excerpted; p. pr. & vb. n. Excerpting.] [From L. excerptus, p. p. See Excerp.] To select; to extract; to cite; to quote.
"Out of which we have excerpted the following particulars." Fuller.
Excerpt
Ex•cerp´t (277), n. An extract; a passage selected or copied from a book or record.
Excerptive
Ex•cerp´tive, a. That excerpts, selects, or chooses. D. L. Mackenzie.
Excerptor
Ex•cerp´tor, n. One who makes excerpts; a picker; a culler.
Excess
Ex•cess´, n. [OE. exces, excess, ecstasy, L. excessus a going out, loss of self- possession, fr. excedere, excessum, to go out, go beyond: cf. F. excès. See Exceed.]
1. The state of surpassing or going beyond limits; the being of a measure beyond sufficiency, necessity, or duty; that which exceeds what is usual or proper; immoderateness; superfluity; superabundance; extravagance; as an excess of provisions or of light.
"To gild refined gold, to paint the lily,
To throw a perfume on the violet, …
Is wasteful and ridiculous excess." Shak.
"That kills me with excess of grief, this with excess of joy." Walsh.
2. An undue indulgence of the appetite; transgression of proper moderation in natural gratifications; intemperance; dissipation.
"Be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess." Eph. v. 18.
"Thy desire … leads to no excess That reaches blame." Milton.
3. The degree or amount by which one thing or number exceeds another; remainder; as the difference between two numbers is the excess of one over the other. Spherical excess (Geom.), the amount by which the sum of the three angles of a spherical triangle exceeds two right angles. The spherical excess is proportional to the area of the triangle.
Excessive
Ex•cess´ive (ek•ses"iv), a. [Cf. F. excessif.] Characterized by, or exhibiting, excess; overmuch.
"Excessive grief [is] the enemy to the living." Shak.
Syn. — Undue; exorbitant; extreme; overmuch; enormous; immoderate; monstrous; intemperate; unreasonable. See Enormous —Ex•cess•ive•ly, adv. - Ex•cess´ive•ness, n.
Exchange
Ex•change´ (eks•chanj"), n. [OE. eschange, eschaunge, OF. eschange, fr. eschangier, F. echanger, to exchange; pref. ex- out + F. changer. See Change, and cf. Excamb.]
1. The act of giving or taking one thing in return for another which is regarded as an equivalent; as an exchange of cattle for grain.
2. The act of substituting one thing in the place of another; as an exchange of grief for joy, or of a scepter for a sword, and the like; also the act of giving and receiving reciprocally; as an exchange of civilities or views.
3. The thing given or received in return; esp., a publication exchanged for another. Shak.
4. (Com.) The process of setting accounts or debts between parties residing at a distance from each other, without the intervention of money, by exchanging orders or drafts, called bills of exchange. These may be drawn in one country and payable in another, in which case they are called foreign bills; or they may be drawn and made payable in the same country, in which case they are called inland bills. The term bill of exchange is often abbreviated into exchange; as to buy or sell exchange. A in London is creditor to B in New York, and C in London owes D in New York a like sum. A in London draws a bill of exchange on B in New York; C in London purchases the bill, by which A receives his debt due from B in New York. C transmits the bill to D in New York, who receives the amount from B.
5. (Law) A mutual grant of equal interests, the one in consideration of the other. Estates exchanged must be equal in quantity, as fee simple for fee simple. Blackstone.
6. The place where the merchants, brokers, and bankers of a city meet at certain hours, to transact business. In this sense often contracted to ’Change. Arbitration of exchange. See under Arbitration. — Bill of exchange. See under Bill. — Exchange broker. See under Broker. — Par of exchange, the established value of the coin or standard of value of one country when expressed in the coin or standard of another, as the value of the pound sterling in the currency of France or the United States. The par of exchange rarely varies, and serves as a measure for the rise and fall of exchange that is affected by the demand and supply. Exchange is at par when, for example, a bill in New York, for the payment of one hundred pounds sterling in London, can be purchased for the sum. Exchange is in favor of a place when it can be purchased there at or above par. — Telephone exchange, a central office in which the wires of any two telephones or telephone stations may be connected to permit conversation.
Syn. — Barter; dealing; trade; traffic; interchange.
Exchange
Ex•change´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exchanged p. pr. & vb. n. Exchanging ] [Cf.OF. eschangier, F. echanger. See Exchange, n. ]
1. To part with give, or transfer to another in consideration of something received as an equivalent; — usually followed by for before the thing received.
"Exchange his sheep for shells, or wool for a sparking pebble or a diamond." Locke.
2. To part with for a substitute; to lay aside, quit, or resign (something being received in place of the thing parted with); as to exchange a palace for cell.
"And death for life exchanged foolishly." Spenser.
"To shift his being
Is to exchange one misery with another." Shak.
3. To give and receive reciprocally, as things of the same kind; to barter; to swap; as to exchange horses with a neighbor; to exchange houses or hats.
"Exchange forgiveness with me, noble Hamlet." Shak.
Syn. — To barter; change; commute; interchange; bargain; truck; swap; traffic.
Exchanger
Ex•chan´ger, n. One who exchanges; one who practices exchange. Matt. xxv. 27.
Excheat
Ex•cheat´, n. See Escheat. [Obs.] Spenser.
Exchequer
Ex•cheq´uer, n. [OE. escheker, OF. eichekier, fr. LL. scaccarium. See Checker, Chess, Check.]
1. One of the superior courts of law; — so called from a checkered cloth, which covers, or formerly covered, the table. [Eng.] The exchequer was a court of law and equity. In the revenue department, it had jurisdiction over the proprietary rights of the crown against subjects; in the common law department, it administered justice in personal actions between subject and subject. A person proceeding against another in the revenue department was said to exchequer him. The judges of this court were one chief and four puisne barons, so styled. The Court of Exchequer Chamber sat as court of error in which the judgments of each of the superior courts of common law, in England, were subject to revision by the judges of the other two sitting collectively. Causes involving difficult questions of law were sometimes after argument, adjourned into this court from the other courts, for debate before judgment in the court below. Recent legislation in England (1880) has abolished the Court of Exchequer and the Court of Exchequer Chamber, as distinct tribunals, a single board of judiciary, the High Court of Justice, being established for the trial of all classes of civil cases. Wharton.
2. The department of state having charge of the collection and management of the royal revenue. [Eng.] Hence, the treasury; and, colloquially, pecuniary possessions in general; as the company’s exchequer is low. Barons of the exchequer. See under Baron. — Chancellor of the exchequer. See under Chancellor. — Exchequerbills or bonds (Eng.), bills of money, or promissory bills, issued from the exchequer by authority of Parliament; a species of paper currency emitted under the authority of the government, and bearing interest.
Exchequer
Ex•cheq´uer, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exchequered p. pr. & vb. n. Exchequering.] To institute a process against (any one) in the Court of Exchequer.
Excide
Ex•cide´, v. t. [L. excidere, excisum; ex out + caedere to cut. See Concise, and cf. Excise to cut off.] To cut off. [R.]
Excipient
Ex•cip´i•ent, a. [L. excipients, -entis, p. pr. of exipere. See Except, v. t.] Taking an exception.
Excipient
Ex•cip´i•ent, n.
1. An exceptor. [R.]
2. (Med.) An inert or slightly active substance used in preparing remedies as a vehicle or medium of administration for the medicinal agents. Chambers. { Ex´ci•ple, Ex•cip´u•lum } n. [NL. excipulum, fr. L. excipere. See Except.] (Bot.) The outer part of the fructification of most lichens.
Excisable
Ex•cis´a•ble, a. Liable or subject to excise; as tobacco in an excisable commodity.
Excise
Ex•cise´, n. [Apparently fr. L. excisum cut off, fr. excidere to cut out or off; ex out, off + caedere to cut; or, as the word was formerly written accise, fr. F. accise, LL. accisia, as if fr. L. accidere, accisum, to cut into; ad + caedere to cut; but prob. transformed fr. OF. assise, LL. assisa, assisia, assize. See Assize, Concise.]
1. In inland duty or impost operating as an indirect tax on the consumer, levied upon certain specified articles, as tobacco, ale, spirits, etc., grown or manufactured in the country. It is also levied to pursue certain trades and deal in certain commodities. Certain direct taxes (as in England, those on carriages, servants, plate, armorial bearings, etc.), are included in the excise. Often used adjectively; as excise duties; excise law; excise system.
"The English excise system corresponds to the internal revenue system in the United States." Abbot.
"An excise … is a fixed, absolute, and direct charge laid on merchandise, products, or commodities." 11 Allen’s (Mass. ) Rpts.
2. That department or bureau of the public service charged with the collection of the excise taxes. [Eng.]
Excise
Ex•cise´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excised p. pr. & vb. n. Excising.]
1. To lay or impose an excise upon.
2. To impose upon; to overcharge. [Prov. Eng.]
Excise
Ex•cise´, v. t. [See Excide.] To cut out or off; to separate and remove; as to excise a tumor.
Excision
Ex•ci´sion, n. [L. excisio: cf. F. excision. See Excide.]
1. The act of excising or cutting out or off; extirpation; destruction.
"Such conquerors are the instruments of vengeance on those nations that have … grown ripe for excision." Atterbury.
2. (Eccl.) The act of cutting off from the church; excommunication.
3. (Surg.) The removal, especially of small parts, with a cutting instrument. Dunglison.
Excitate
Ex•cit´ate, v. t. [L. excitatus, p. p. of excitare. See Excite.] To excite. [Obs.] Bacon.
Excitator
Ex´ci•ta•tor, n. [L., one who rouses.] (Elec.) A kind of discarder.
Excite
Ex•cite´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excited; p. pr. & vb. n. exciting.] [L. excitare; ex out + citare to move rapidly, to rouse: cf. OF. esciter, exciter, F. exciter. See Cite.]
1. To call to activity in any way; to rouse to feeling; to kindle to passionate emotion; to stir up to combined or general activity; as to excite a person, the spirits, the passions; to excite a mutiny or insurrection; to excite heat by friction.
2. (Physiol.) To call forth or increase the vital activity of an organism, or any of its parts.
Syn. — To incite; awaken; animate; rouse or arouse; stimulate; inflame; irritate; provoke. — To Excite, Incite. When we excite we rouse into action feelings which were less strong; when we incite we spur on or urge forward to a specific act or end. Demosthenes excited the passions of the Athenians against Philip, and thus incited the whole nation to unite in the war against him. Antony, by his speech over the body of Caesar, so excited the feelings of the populace, that Brutus and his companions were compelled to flee from Rome; many however, were incited to join their standard, not only by love of liberty, but hopes of plunder.
Excitive
Ex•cit´ive, a. Serving or tending to excite; excitative. [R.] Bamfield.
Excitive
Ex•cit´ive, n. That which excites; an excitant. [R.]
Excito-motion
Ex•ci•to-mo´tion, n. (Physiol.) Motion excited by reflex nerves. See Excito-motory.
Excito-motor
Ex•ci•to-mo´tor, a. (Physiol.) Excito-motory; as excito-motor power or causes.
Exclaim
Ex•claim´, v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Exclaimed p. pr. & vb. n. Exclaiming.] [L. exclamare, exclamatum; ex + clamare to cry out; cf. OF. exclamer. See Clam.] To cry out from earnestness or passion; to utter with vehemence; to call out or declare loudly; to protest vehemently; to vociferate; to shout; as to exclaim against oppression with wonder or astonishment; "The field is won!" he exclaimed.
Exclaim
Ex•claim´, n. Outcry; clamor. [Archaic]
"Cursing cries and deep exclaims." Shak.
Exclamative
Ex•clam´a•tive, a. [Cf. F. exclamatif.] Exclamatory. Earle. — Ex•clam´a•tive•ly, adv.
Exclude
Ex•clude´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Excluding.] [L. excludere, exclusum; ex out + claudere to shut. See Close.]
1. To shut out; to hinder from entrance or admission; to debar from participation or enjoyment; to deprive of; to except; — the opposite to admit; as to exclude a crowd from a room or house; to exclude the light; to exclude one nation from the ports of another; to exclude a taxpayer from the privilege of voting.
"And none but such, from mercy I exclude." Milton.
2. To thrust out or eject; to expel; as to exclude young animals from the womb or from eggs. Excluded middle. (logic) The name given to the third of the "three logical axioms," so-called, namely, to that one which is expressed by the formula: "Everything is either A or Not-A." no third state or condition being involved or allowed. See Principle of contradiction, under Contradiction.
Exclusion
Ex•clu´sion, n. [L. exclusio: cf. F. exclusion. See Exclude.]
1. The act of excluding, or of shutting out, whether by thrusting out or by preventing admission; a debarring; rejection; prohibition; the state of being excluded.
"His sad exclusion from the doors of bliss." Milton.
"The exclusion of the duke from the crown of England and Ireland." Hume.
2. (Physiol.) The act of expelling or ejecting a fetus or an egg from the womb.
3. Thing emitted. Sir T. Browne.
Exclusionary
Ex•clu´sion•a•ry, a. Tending to exclude; causing exclusion; exclusive.
Exclusionism
Ex•clu´sion•ism, n. The character, manner, or principles of an exclusionist.
Exclusiveness
Ex•clu´sive•ness, n. Quality of being exclusive.
Exclusivism
Ex•clu´siv•ism, n. The act or practice of excluding being exclusive; exclusiveness.
Exclusory
Ex•clu´so•ry, a. [L. exclusorius.] Able to exclude; excluding; serving to exclude.
Excoct
Ex•coct´ v. t. [L. excoctus, p. p. of excoquere to excoct. See 3d Cook.] To boil out; to produce by boiling. [Obs.] Bacon.
Excoction
Ex•coc´tion [L. excoctio.] The act of excocting or boiling out. [Obs.] Bacon.
Excogitate
Ex•cog´i•tate v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excogitated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.. Excogitating.] [L. excogitatus, p. p. of excogitare to excogitate; ex out + cogitare to think. See Cogitate.] To think out; to find out or discover by thinking; to devise; to contrive. "Excogitate strange arts." Stirling.
"This evidence … thus excogitated out of the general theory." Whewell.
Excommune
Ex•com•mune´ v. t. [Cf. F. excommuier. See Excommunicate.] To exclude from participation in; to excommunicate. [Obs.]
"Poets … were excommuned Plato’s common wealth" Gayton.
Excommunicable
Ex•com•mu´ni•ca•ble, a. [See Excommunicate.] Liable or deserving to be excommunicated; making excommunication possible or proper. "Persons excommunicable ." Bp. Hall.
"What offenses are excommunicable ?" Kenle.
Excommunicant
Ex•com•mu´ni•cant, n. One who has been excommunicated.
Excommunicate
Ex´com•mu´ni•cate, a. [L. excommunicatus, p. p. of communicare to excommunicate; ex out + communicare. See Communicate.] Excommunicated; interdicted from the rites of the church. — n. One excommunicated.
"Thou shalt stand cursed and excommunicate." Shak.
Excommunicate
Ex•com•mu´ni•cate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excommunicated p. pr. & vb. n. Excommunicating ]
1. To put out of communion; especially, to cut off, or shut out, from communion with the church, by an ecclesiastical sentence.
2. To lay under the ban of the church; to interdict.
"Martin the Fifth … was the first that excommunicated the reading of heretical books." Miltin.
Excommunicator
Ex•com•mu´ni•ca•tor n. [Cf. LL. excommunicator.] One who excommunicates.
Excoriate
Ex•co´ri•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excoriated p. pr. & vb. n. excoriating ] [L. excoriare; ex out + corium hide. cf. Scourge; see Cuirass.] To strip or wear off the skin of; to abrade; to gall; to break and remove the cuticle of, in any manner, as by rubbing, beating, or by the action of acrid substances.
Excreable
Ex´cre•a•ble, a. [L. excreabilis, exscreabilis, fr. exscreare. See Excreate.] Capable of being discharged by spitting. [Obs.] Swift.
Excreation
Ex•cre•a´tion, n. [L. excreatio, exscreatio.] Act of spitting out. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Excrement
Ex´cre•ment, n. [L. excrementum, fr. excernere, excretum, to skin out, discharge: cf. F. excrement. See Excrete.] Matter excreted and ejected; that which is excreted or cast out of the animal body by any of the natural emunctories; especially, alvine, discharges; dung; ordure.
Excrement
Ex´cre•ment, n. [L. excrementum, fr. excrescere, excretum, to grow out. See Excrescence.] An excrescence or appendage; an outgrowth. [Obs.] "Ornamental excrements." Fuller.
"Living creatures put forth (after their period of growth) nothing that is young but hair and nails, which are excrements and no parts." Bacon.
Excrementize
Ex´cre•ment•ize v. i. To void excrement. [R.] Life of A. Wood .
Excrescence
Ex•cres´cence n. [F. excrescence, excroissanse, L. excrescentia excrescences, neut. pl. of p. pr. of excrescere. See Excrescent.] An excrescent appendage, as a wart or tumor; anything growing out unnaturally from anything else; a preternatural or morbid development; hence, a troublesome superfluity; an incumbrance; as an excrescence on the body, or on a plant. "Excrescences of joy." Jer. Taylor.
"The excrescences of the Spanish monarchy." Addison.
Excrescent
Ex•cres´cent, a. [L. excresens, -entis, p. pr. of excrescere to grow out ; ex out + crescere to grow. See Crescent.] Growing out in an abnormal or morbid manner or as a superfluity.
"Expunge the whole, or lip the excrescent parts." Pope. Excrescent letter (Philol.), a letter which has been added to a root; as the d in alder (AS. alr) is an excrescent letter.
Excrescential
Ex•cres•cen´tial a. Pertaining to, or resembling, an excrescence. [R.] Hawthorne.
Excrete
Ex•crete´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excreted; p. pr. & vb. n. Excreting.] [L. excretus, p. p. of excernere to sift out, discharge; ex out + cernere to sift, separate. See Crisis.] To separate and throw off; to excrete urine. "The mucus thus excreted." Hooper.
Excretin
Ex´cre•tin, n. [From Excrete.] (physiol. Chem.) A nonnitrogenous, crystalline body, present in small quantity in human faeces.
Excretive
Ex•cre´tive, a. Having the power of excreting, or promoting excretion. Harvey.
Excruciable
Ex•cru´ci•a•ble, a. [L. excruciabilis.] Liable to torment. [R.] Bailey.
Excruciate
Ex•cru´ci•ate, a. [L. excruciatus, p. p. of excruciare to excruciate; ex out + cruciare to put to death on a cross, to torment. See Cruciate, Cross.] Excruciated; tortured.
"And here my heart long time excruciate." Chapman.
Excruciate
Ex•cru´ci•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excruciated p. pr. & vb. n. Excruciating ] To inflict agonizing pain upon; to torture; to torment greatly; to rack; as to excruciate the heart or the body.
"Their thoughts, like devils, them excruciate." Drayton.
Exculpable
Ex•cul´pa•ble Capable of being exculpated; deserving exculpation. Sir G. Buck.
Exculpate
Ex•cul´pate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exculpated, p. pr. & vb. n.. Exculpating .] [L. ex out + culpatus, p. p. of culpare to find fault with, to blame, culpa fault. See Culpable.] To clear from alleged fault or guilt; to prove to be guiltless; to relieve of blame; to acquit.
"He exculpated himself from being the author of the heroic epistle." Mason.
"I exculpate him further for his writing against me." Milman.
Syn. — To exonerate; absolve; clear; acquit; excuse; vindicate; justify.
Excur
Ex•cur´ v. i. [L. excurrere. See Excurrent.] To run out or forth; to extend. [Obs.] Harvey.
Excurrent
Ex•cur´rent, a. [L. excurrens, p. p. of excurrere, excursum, to run out; ex out + currere to run. See Current.]
1. Running or flowing out; as: (Bot.) Running or extending out; as an excurrent midrib, one which projects beyond the apex of a leaf; an excurrent steam or trunk, one which continues to the top.
2. (Zoöl) Characterized by a current which flows outward; as an excurrent orifice or tube.
Excurse
Ex•curse´, v. t. [See excurrent.] To journey or pass thought. [R.]
Excursion
Ex•cur´sion [L. excursio: cf. F. excursion. See Excurrent.]
1. A running or going out or forth; an expedition; a sally.
"Far on excursion toward the gates of hell." Milton.
"They would make excursions and waste the country." Holland.
2. A journey chiefly for recreation; a pleasure trip; a brief tour; as an excursion into the country.
3. A wandering from a subject; digression.
"I am not in a scribbling mood, and shall therefore make no excursions." Cowper.
4. (Mach.) Length of stroke, as of a piston; stroke. [An awkward use of the word.]
Syn. — Journey; tour; ramble; jaunt. See Journey.
Excursionist
Ex•cur´sion•ist, n. One who goes on an excursion, or pleasure trip.
Excursus
Ex•cur´sus, n. [L., fr. excurrere, excursum. See Excurrent.] A dissertation or digression appended to a work, and containing a more extended exposition of some important point or topic.
Excusable
Ex•cus´a•ble a. [L. excusabilis: cf. F. excusable. See Excuse.] That may be excused, forgiven, justified, or acquitted of blame; pardonable; as the man is excusable; an excusable action. — Ex•cus´a•ble•ness, n. — Ex•cus´a•bly, adv.
"The excusableness of my dissatisfaction." Boyle.
Excusation
Ex•cu•sa´tion, n. [L. excusatio: cf. F. excusation.] Excuse; apology. [Obs.] Bacon.
Excuse
Ex•cuse´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Excused p. pr. & vb. n. Excusing.] [OE. escusen, cusen, OF. escuser, excuser, F. excuser, fr. L. excusare; ex out + causa cause, causari to plead. See Cause.]
1. To free from accusation, or the imputation of fault or blame; to clear from guilt; to release from a charge; to justify by extenuating a fault; to exculpate; to absolve; to acquit.
"A man’s persuasion that a thing is duty, will not excuse him from guilt in practicing it, if really and indeed it be against Gog’s law." Abp. Sharp.
2. To pardon, as a fault; to forgive entirely, or to admit to be little censurable, and to overlook; as we excuse irregular conduct, when extraordinary circumstances appear to justify it.
"I must excuse what can not be amended." Shak.
3. To regard with indulgence; to view leniently or to overlook; to pardon.
"And in our own ( excuse some courtly stains.)
No whiter page than Addison remains." Pope.
4. To free from an impending obligation or duty; hence, to disengage; to dispense with; to release by favor; also to remit by favor; not to exact; as to excuse a forfeiture.
"I pray thee have me excused." xiv. 19.
5. To relieve of an imputation by apology or defense; to make apology for as not seriously evil; to ask pardon or indulgence for.
"Think ye that we excuse ourselves to you?" 2 Cor. xii. 19.
Syn. — To vindicate; exculpate; absolve; acquit. - To Pardon, Excuse, Forgive. A superior pardons as an act of mercy or generosity; either a superior or an equal excuses. A crime, great fault, or a grave offence, as one against law or morals, may be pardoned; a small fault, such as a failure in social or conventional obligations, slight omissions or neglects may be excused. Forgive relates to offenses against one’s self, and punishment foregone; as to forgive injuries or one who has injured us; to pardon grave offenses, crimes, and criminals; to excuse an act of forgetfulness, an unintentional offense. Pardon is also a word of courtesy employed in the sense of excuse.
Excuse
Ex•cuse´, n. [Cf. F. excuse. See Excuse, v. t.]
1. The act of excusing, apologizing, exculpating, pardoning, releasing, and the like; acquittal; release; absolution; justification; extenuation.
"Pleading so wisely in excuse of it." Shak.
2. That which is offered as a reason for being excused; a plea offered in extenuation of a fault or irregular deportment; apology; as an excuse for neglect of duty; excuses for delay of payment.
"Hence with denial vain and coy excuse." Milton.
3. That which excuses; that which extenuates or justifies a fault. "It hath the excuse of youth." Shak.
"If eyes were made for seeing.
Then beauty is its own excuse for being." Emerson.
Syn. — See Apology.
Excuseless
Ex•cuse´less, a. Having no excuse; not admitting of excuse or apology. Whillock.
Excusement
Ex•cuse´ment, n. [Cf. OF. excusement.] Excuse. [Obs.] Gower.
Excuss
Ex•cuss´, v. t. [L. excussus. p. p. of excutere to shake off; ex out, from + quatere to shake. Cf. Quash.]
1. To shake off; to discard. [R.]
"To excuss the notation of a Geity out of their minds." Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. To inspect; to investigate; to decipher. [R.]
"To take some pains in excusing some old monuments." F. Junius (1654).
3. To seize and detain by law, as goods. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
Execrable
Ex´e•cra•ble, a. [L. execrabilis, exsecrabilis: cf. F. execrable. See Execrate.] Deserving to be execrated; accursed; damnable; detestable; abominable; as an execrable wretch. "Execrable pride." Hooker. — Ex´e•cra•ble•ness, n. — Ex´e•cra•bly, adv.
Execrate
Ex´e•crate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Execrated p. pr. & vb. n. Execrating ] [L. execratus, exsecratus, p. p. of execrare, exsecrare, to execrate; ex out + sacer holy, sacred. See Sacred.] To denounce evil against, or to imprecate evil upon; to curse; to protest against as unholy or detestable; hence, to detest utterly; to abhor; to abominate. "They … execrate their lct." Cowper.
Execration
Ex•e•cra´tion, n. [L. execratio, exsecratio: cf. F. execration.]
1. The act of cursing; a curse dictated by violent feelings of hatred; imprecation; utter detestation expressed.
"Cease, gentle, queen, these execrations." Shak.
2. That which is execrated; a detested thing.
"Ye shall be an execration and … a curse." Jer. xlii. 18.
Syn. — See Malediction.
Execrative
Ex´e•cra•tive, a. Cursing; imprecatory; vilifying. Carlyle. — Ex´e•cra•tive•ly, adv.
Execrative
Ex´e•cra•tive, n. A word used for cursing; an imprecatory word or expression. Earle.
Exect
Ex•ect´, v. t. [See Exsect.] To cut off or out. [Obs.] See Exsect. Harvey.
Executable
Ex´e•cu•ta•ble, a. Capable of being executed; feasible; as an executable project. [R.]
Execute
Ex´e•cute, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Executed p. pr. & vb. n. Executing ] [F. executer, L. executus, exsecutus, p. p. of exequi to follow to the end, pursue; ex out + sequi to follow. See Second, Sue to follow up, and cf. Exequy.]
1. To follow out or through to the end; to carry out into complete effect; to complete; to finish; to effect; to perform.
"Why delays
His hand to execute what his decree
Fixed on this day?" Milton.
2. To complete, as a legal instrument; to perform what is required to give validity to, as by signing and perhaps sealing and delivering; as to execute a deed, lease, mortgage, will, etc.
3. To give effect to; to do what is provided or required by; to perform the requirements or stipulations of; as to execute a decree, judgment, writ, or process.
4. To infect capital punishment on; to put to death in conformity to a legal sentence; as to execute a traitor.
5. To put to death illegally; to kill. [Obs.] Shak.
6. (Mus.) To perform, as a piece of music, either on an instrument or with the voice; as to execute a difficult part brilliantly.
Syn. — To accomplish; effect; fulfill; achieve; consummate; finish; complete. See Accomplish.
Executer
Ex´e•cu•ter, n. One who performs or carries into effect. See Executor.
Executively
Ex•ec´u•tive•ly, adv. In the way of executing or performing.
Executor
Ex•ec´u•tor, n. [L. executor, exsecutor: cf. F. executeur. Cf. Executer.]
1. One who executes or performs; a doer; as an executor of baseness. Shak.
2. An executioner. [Obs.]
"Delivering o’er to executors paw
The lazy, yawning drone." Shak.
3. (Law) The person appointed by a testator to execute his will, or to see its provisions carried into effect, after his decease. Executor de son tort [Of., executor of his own wrong] (Law), a stranger who intermeddles without authority in the distribution of the estate of a deceased person.
Executorial
Ex•ec•u•to´ri•al, a. [LL. executorialis.] Of or pertaining to an executive.
Executress
Ex•ec´u•tress, n. [Cf.F. executrice.] An executrix.
Executrix
Ex•ec´u•trix, n. [LL.] (Law) A woman exercising the functions of an executor.
Exedent
Ex´e•dent, a. [L. exedent, -entis, p. pr. of exedere. See Exesion.] Eating out; consuming. [R.]
Exegesis
Ex•e•ge´sis, n. ; pl. Exegeses (#). [NL., fr.Gr.,fr. to explain, interpret; out + to guide, lead, akin, to to lead. See Agent.]
1. Exposition; explanation; especially, a critical explanation of a text or portion of Scripture.
2. (Math.) The process of finding the roots of an equation. [Obs.]
Exegete
Ex´e•gete, n. [Gr. : cf.F. exegète. See Exegesis.] An exegetist. { Ex•e•get´ic, Ex•e•get´ic•al } a. [Gr. : cf. F. exegetique.] Pertaining to exegesis; tending to unfold or illustrate; explanatory; expository. Walker. Ex•e•get´ic•al•ly, adv.
Exegetics
Ex•e•get´ics, n. The science of interpretation or exegesis.
Exemplar
Ex•em´plar, n. [L. exemplar, exemplum: cf. F. exemplaire. See Example, and cf. Examper, Sampler.]
1. A model, original, or pattern, to be copied or imitated; a specimen; sometimes; an ideal model or type, as that which an artist conceives.
"Such grand exemplar as make their own abilities the sole measure of what is fit or unfit." South.
2. A copy of a book or writing. [Obs.] Udall.
Exemplary
Ex´em•pla•ry, a. [L. exemplaris, fr. exemplar: cf. F. exemplaire. See Exemplar.]
1. Serving as a pattern; deserving to be proposed for imitation; commendable; as an exemplary person; exemplary conduct.
"[Bishops’] lives and doctrines ought to be exemplary." Bacon.
2. Serving as a warning; monitory; as exemplary justice, punishment, or damages.
3. Illustrating as the proof of a thing. Fuller. Exemplary damages. (Law) See under Damage.
Exemplary
Ex´em•pla•ry, n. An exemplar; also a copy of a book or writing. [Obs.] Donne.
Exemplifiable
Ex•em´pli•fi•a•ble, a. That can be exemplified.
Exemplifier
Ex•em´pli•fi•er, n. One who exemplifies by following a pattern.
Exemplify
Ex•em´pli•fy v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exemplified p. pr. &. vb. n. Exemplifying.] [L. exemplum example + - fy: cf. LL. exemplificare to copy, serve as an example.]
1. To show or illustrate by example.
"He did but … exemplify the principles in which he had been brought up." Cowper.
2. To copy; to transcribe; to make an attested copy or transcript of, under seal, as of a record. Holland.
3. To prove or show by an attested copy.
Exempt
Ex•empt´, a. [F. exempt, L. exemptus, p. p. of eximere to take out, remove, free; ex out + emere to buy, take. Cf. Exon, Redeem.]
1. Cut off; set apart. [Obs.]
"Corrupted, and exempt from ancient gentry." Shak.
2. Extraordinary; exceptional. [Obs.] Chapman.
3. Free, or released, from some liability to which others are subject; excepted from the operation or burden of some law; released; free; clear; privileged; — (with from): not subject to; not liable to; as goods exempt from execution; a person exempt from jury service.
"True nobility is exempt from fear." Shak.
"T is laid on all, not any one exempt." Dryden.
Exempt
Ex•empt´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exempted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exempting.] [F. exempter. See Exempt, a. ]
1. To remove; to set apart. [Obs.] Holland.
2. To release or deliver from some liability which others are subject to; to except or excuse from he operation of a law; to grant immunity to; to free from obligation; to release; as to exempt from military duty, or from jury service; to exempt from fear or pain.
"Death
So snatched will not exempt us from the pain
We are by doom to pay." Milton.
Exemptitious
Ex•emp•ti´tious, a. Separable. [Obs.] "Exemptitious from matter." Dr. H. More.
Exenteration
Ex•en•ter•a´tion, n. [LL. exenteratio.] Act of exenterating. [R.]
Exequy
Ex´e•quy, n. ; pl. Exequies (#). [L. exequiae, exsequiae, a funeral procession, fr. exsequi to follow out: cf. OF. exeques. See Exequte.] A funeral rite (usually in the plural); the ceremonies of burial; obsequies; funeral procession.
"But see his exequies fulfilled in Rouen." Shak.
Exercent
Ex•er´cent, a. [L. exercents, -entis, p. pr. of exercere. See Exercise.] Practicing; professional. [Obs.] "Every exercent advocate." Ayliffe.
Exercisable
Ex´er•ci•sa•ble a. That may be exercised, used, or exerted.
Exercise
Ex´er•cise, n. [F. exercice, L. exercitium, from exercere, exercitum, to drive on, keep, busy, prob. orig., to thrust or drive out of the inclosure; ex out + arcere to shut up, inclose. See Ark.]
1. The act of exercising; a setting in action or practicing; employment in the proper mode of activity; exertion; application; use; habitual activity; occupation, in general; practice.
"exercise of the important function confided by the constitution to the legislature." Jefferson.
"O we will walk this world,
Yoked in all exercise of noble end." Tennyson.
2. Exertion for the sake of training or improvement whether physical, intellectual, or moral; practice to acquire skill, knowledge, virtue, perfectness, grace, etc. "Desire of knightly exercise." Spenser.
"An exercise of the eyes and memory." Locke.
3. Bodily exertion for the sake of keeping the organs and functions in a healthy state; hygienic activity; as to take exercise on horseback.
"The wise for cure on exercise depend." Dryden.
4. The performance of an office, a ceremony, or a religious duty.
"Lewis refused even those of the church of England … the public exercise of their religion." Addison.
"To draw him from his holy exercise." Shak.
5. That which is done for the sake of exercising, practicing, training, or promoting skill, health, mental, improvement, moral discipline, etc.; that which is assigned or prescribed for such ends; hence, a disquisition; a lesson; a task; as military or naval exercises; musical exercises; an exercise in composition.
"The clumsy exercises of the European tourney." Prescott.
"He seems to have taken a degree, and performed public exercises in Cambridge, in 1565." Brydges.
6. That which gives practice; a trial; a test.
"Patience is more oft the exercise
Of saints, the trial of their fortitude." Milton. Exercise bone (Med.), a deposit of bony matter in the soft tissues, produced by pressure or exertion.
Exercise
Ex´er•cise, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exercised p. pr. & vb. n. Exercising ]
1. To set in action; to cause to act, move, or make exertion; to give employment to; to put in action habitually or constantly; to school or train; to exert repeatedly; to busy.
"Herein do I Exercise myself, to have always a conscience void of offence." Acts xxiv. 16.
2. To exert for the sake of training or improvement; to practice in order to develop; hence, also to improve by practice; to discipline, and to use or to for the purpose of training; as to exercise arms; to exercise one’s self in music; to exercise troops.
"About him exercised heroic games
The unarmed youth." Milton.
3. To occupy the attention and effort of; to task; to tax, especially in a painful or vexatious manner; harass; to vex; to worry or make anxious; to affect; to discipline; as exercised with pain.
"Where pain of unextinguishable fire
Must exercise us without hope of end." Milton.
4. To put in practice; to carry out in action; to perform the duties of; to use; to employ; to practice; as to exercise authority; to exercise an office.
"I am the Lord which exercise loving-kindness, judgment, and righteousness in the earth." Jer. ix. 24.
"The people of the land have used oppression and exercised robbery." Ezek. xxii. 29.
Exergue
Ex•ergue´, n. [F., fr. Gr. out + work; lit., out work, i. e., accessory work. See Work.] (Numis.) The small space beneath the base line of a subject engraved on a coin or medal. It usually contains the date, place, engraver’s name, etc., or other subsidiary matter. Fairholt.
Exert
Ex•ert´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exerted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exerting.] [L. exertus, exsertus, p. p. of exerere, exserere, to thrust out; ex out + serere to join or bind together. See Series, and cf. Exsert.]
1. To thrust forth; to emit; to push out. [Obs.]
"So from the seas exerts his radiant head
The star by whom the lights of heaven are led." Dryden.
2. To put force, ability, or anything of the nature of an active faculty; to put in vigorous action; to bring into active operation; as to exert the strength of the body, limbs, faculties, or imagination; to exert the mind or the voice.
3. To put forth, as the result or exercise of effort; to bring to bear; to do or perform.
"When we will has exerted an act of command on any faculty of the soul or member of the body." South. To exert one’s self, to use efforts or endeavors; to strive; to make an attempt.
Exertion
Ex•er´tion, n. The act of exerting, or putting into motion or action; the active exercise of any power or faculty; an effort, esp. a laborious or perceptible effort; as an exertion of strength or power; an exertion of the limbs or of the mind; it is an exertion for him to move, to-day.
Syn. — Attempt; endeavor; effort; essay; trial. See Attempt.
Exertive
Ex•ert´ive, a. Having power or a tendency to exert; using exertion.
Exestuate
Ex•es´tu•ate, v. i. [L. exaestuatus,p. p. of exaestuare to boil up. See Estuate.] To be agitated; to boil up; to effervesce. [Obs.]
Exestuation
Ex•es•tu•a´tion, n. [L. exaestuatio.] A boiling up; effervescence. [Obs.] Boyle.
Exeunt
Ex´e•unt [L., 3d pers. pl. pres. of exire to go out.] They go out, or retire from the scene; as exeunt all except Hamlet. See 1st Exit.
Exfoliate
Ex•fo´li•ate, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Exfoliated p. pr. & vb. n. Exfoliating ] [L. exfoliare to strip of leaves; ex out, from + folium leaf.]
1. To separate and come off in scales or laminae, as pieces of carious bone or of bark.
2. (Min.) To split into scales, especially to become converted into scales at the result of heat or decomposition.
Exfoliate
Ex•fo´li•ate v. t. To remove scales, laminae, or splinters from the surface of.
Exhalable
Ex•hal´a•ble, a. Capable of being exhaled or evaporated. Boyle.
Exhalant
Ex•hal´ant, a. [Cf. F. exhalant.] Having the quality of exhaling or evaporating.
Exhale
Ex•hale´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exaled, p. pr. & vb. n.. Exaling.] [L. exhalare; ex out + halare to breathe; cf.F. exhaler. Cf. Inhale.]
1. To breathe out. Hence: To emit, as vapor; to send out, as an odor; to evaporate; as the earth exhales vapor; marshes exhale noxious effluvia.
"Less fragrant scents the unfolding rose exhales." Pope.
2. To draw out; to cause to be emitted in vapor; as the sun exhales the moisture of the earth.
Exhaust
Ex•haust´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exhausted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exhausting.] [L. exhaustus, p. p. of exhaurire; ex out + haurire, haustum, to draw, esp. water; perhaps akin to Icel. asua to sprinkle, pump.]
1. To draw or let out wholly; to drain off completely; as to exhaust the water of a well; the moisture of the earth is exhausted by evaporation.
2. To empty by drawing or letting out the contents; as to exhaust a well, or a treasury.
3. To drain, metaphorically; to use or expend wholly, or till the supply comes to an end; to deprive wholly of strength; to use up; to weary or tire out; to wear out; as to exhaust one’s strength, patience, or resources.
"A decrepit, exhausted old man at fifty- five." Motley.
4. To bring out or develop completely; to discuss thoroughly; as to exhaust a subject.
5. (Chem.) To subject to the action of various solvents in order to remove all soluble substances or extractives; as to exhaust a drug successively with water, alcohol, and ether. Exhausted receiver. (Physics) See under Receiver.
Syn. — To spend; consume; tire out; weary.
Exhauster
Ex•haust´er n. One who, or that which, exhausts or draws out.
Exhaustible
Ex•haust´i•ble, a. Capable of being exhausted, drained off, or expended. Johnson.
Exhausting
Ex•haust´ing, a. Producing exhaustion; as exhausting labors. — Ex•haust´ing, adv.
Exhaustless
Ex•haust´less, a. Not be exhausted; inexhaustible; as an exhaustless fund or store.
Exhibit
Ex•hib´it, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exhibited; p. pr. & vb. n. Exhibiting.] [L. exhibitus, p. p. of exhibere to hold forth, to tender, exhibit; ex out + habere to have or hold. See Habit.]
1. To hold forth or present to view; to produce publicly, for inspection; to show, especially in order to attract notice to what is interesting; to display; as to exhibit commodities in a warehouse, a picture in a gallery.
"Exhibiting a miserable example of the weakness of mind and body." Pope.
2. (Law) To submit, as a document, to a court or officer, in course of proceedings; also to present or offer officially or in legal form; to bring, as a charge.
"He suffered his attorney-general to exhibit a charge of high treason against the earl." Clarendon.
3. (Med.) To administer as a remedy; as to exhibit calomel. To exhibit a foundation or prize, to hold it forth or to tender it as a bounty to candidates. — To exibit an essay, to declaim or otherwise present it in public. [Obs.]
Exhibiter
Ex•hib´it•er, n. [Cf. Exhibitor.] One who exhibits; one who presents a petition, charge or bill. Shak.
Exhibitor
Ex•hib´it•or, n. [Cf. L. exhibitor a giver.] One who exhibits.
Exhilarant
Ex•hil´a•rant, a. [L. exhilarans. -antis, p. pr. See Exhilarate.] Exciting joy, mirth, or pleasure. — n. That which exhilarates.
Exhilarate
Ex•hil´a•rate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exhilarated p. pr. & vb. n. Exilarating.] [L. exhilaratus, p. p. of exhilarare to gladden; ex out + hilarare to make merry, hilaris merry, cheerful. See Hilarious.] To make merry or jolly; to enliven; to animate; to gladden greatly; to cheer; as good news exhilarates the mind; wine exhilarates a man.
Exhilarate
Ex•hil´a•rate, v. i. To become joyous. [R.] Bacon.
Exhilarating
Ex•hil´a•ra•ting, a. That exhilarates; cheering; gladdening. — Ex•hil´a•ra•ting•ly, adv.
Exhort
Ex•hort´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exhorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exhorting.] [L. exhortari; ex out + hortari to incite, encourage; cf. F. exhorter. See Hortative.] To incite by words or advice; to animate or urge by arguments, as to a good deed or laudable conduct; to address exhortation to; to urge strongly; hence, to advise, warn, or caution.
"Examples gross as earth exhort me." Shak.
"Let me exhort you to take care of yourself." J. D. Forbes.
Exhume
Ex•hume´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exhumed p. pr. & vb. n.. Exhuming.] [LL. exhumare; L. ex out + humus ground, soil: cf. F. exhumer. See Humble.] To dig out of the ground; to take out of a place of burial; to disinter. Mantell.
Exiccate
Ex´ic•cate, v. t. See Exsiccate. [Obs.] Holland.
Exigent
Ex•i•gent, a. [L. exigens, - entis, p. pr. of exigere to drive out or forth, require, exact. See Exact.] Exacting or requiring immediate aid or action; pressing; critical. "At this exigent moment." Burke.
Exigible
Ex´i•gi•ble, a. [Cf. F. exigible. See Exigent.] That may be exacted; repairable. [R.] A. Smith.
Exile
Ex´ile, n. [OE. exil, fr. L. exilium, exsilium, fr. exsuil one who quits, or is banished from, his native soil; ex out + solum ground, land, soil, or perh. fr.the root of salire to leap, spring; cf. F. exil. Cf. Sole of the foot, Saltation.]
1. Forced separation from one’s native country; expulsion from one’s home by the civil authority; banishment; sometimes, voluntary separation from one’s native country.
"Let them be recalled from their exile." Shak.
2. The person expelled from his country by authority; also one who separates himself from his home.
"Thou art in exile, and thou must not stay." Shak.
Syn. — Banishment; proscription; expulsion.
Exile
Ex´ile v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exiled p. pr. & vb. n. Exiling.] To banish or expel from one’s own country or home; to drive away. "Exiled from eternal God." Tennyson.
"Calling home our exiled friends abroad." Shak.
Syn. — See Banish.
Exile
Ex•ile´, a. [L. exilis.] Small; slender; thin; fine. [Obs.] "An exile sound." Bacon.
Exilement
Ex´ile•ment, n. [Cf. OF. exilement.] Banishment. [R.] Sir. H. Wotton.
Exility
Ex•il´ity, n. [L. exilitas: cf. F. exilite. See Exile, a. ] Smallness; meagerness; slenderness; fineness, thinness. [R.] Paley.
Eximious
Ex•im´ious a. [L. eximius taken out, i. e. select, fr. eximere to take out. See Exempt.] Select; choice; hence, extraordinary, excellent. [Obs.]
"The eximious and arcane science of physic." Fuller.
Exist
Ex•ist´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Existed; p. pr. & vb. n. Existing.] [L. existere, exsistere, to step out or forth, emerge, appear, exist; ex out + sistere to cause to stand, to set, put, place, stand still, fr. stare to stand: cf. F. exister. See Stand.]
1. To be as a fact and not as a mode; to have an actual or real being, whether material or spiritual.
"Who now, alas! no more is missed
Than if he never did exist." Swift.
"To conceive the world … to have existed from eternity." South.
2. To be manifest in any manner; to continue to be; as great evils existed in his reign.
3. To live; to have life or the functions of vitality; as men can not exist in water, nor fishes on land.
Syn. — See Be.
Existent
Ex•ist´ent, a. [L. existens, -entis, p. pr. of existere. See Exist.] Having being or existence; existing; being; occurring now; taking place.
"The eyes and mind are fastened on objects which have no real being, as if they were truly existent." Dryden.
Existimation
Ex•is•ti•ma´tion, n. [L. existimatio judgment, opinion, fr. existimare to estimate. See Estimate.] Esteem; opinion; reputation. [Obs.] Steele.
Exit
Ex´it [L., 3d pers. sing. pres. of exire to go out. See Exeunt, Issue.] He (or she ) goes out, or retires from view; as exit Macbeth. The Latin words exit (he or she goes out), and exeunt ( they go out), are used in dramatic writings to indicate the time of withdrawal from the stage of one or more of the actors.
Exit
Ex´it, n. [See 1st Exit.]
1. The departure of a player from the stage, when he has performed his part.
"They have their exits and their entrances." Shak.
2. Any departure; the act of quitting the stage of action or of life; death; as to make one’s exit.
"Sighs for his exit, vulgarly called death." Cowper.
3. A way of departure; passage out of a place; egress; way out.
"Forcing the water forth through its ordinary exits." Woodward. { Ex•i´tial, Ex•i´tious } a. [L. exitialis, exitious, fr. exitium a going out, a going to naught, i. e., ruin, fr. exire to go out: cf. F. exitial.] Destructive; fatal. [Obs.] "Exitial fevers." Harvey.
Exo-
Ex´o- [Gr. out of, outside, fr. out. See Ex-.] A prefix signifying out of, outside; as in exocarp, exogen, exoskeleton. { Ex•o•car´di•ac, Ex•o•car´di•al } a. [ Exo- + Gr. kardi•a heart.] (Anat.) Situated or arising outside of the heart; as exocardial murmurs; — opposed to endocardiac.
Exocarp
Ex´o•carp, n. [ Exo- + Gr. fruit.] (Bot.) The outer portion of a fruit, as the flesh of a peach or the rind of an orange. See Illust. of Drupe.
Exocetus
Ex•o•ce´tusEx•ocœ"tus, n. [NL. exocetus, L. exocoetus a fish that sleeps on the shore Gr. ’exw•koitos lit. sleeping out ’e•xw outside of + koi•th bed.] (Zoöl) A genus of fishes including the common flying fishes. See Flying fish.
Exode
Ex´ode n. [L. exodium, Gr. (sc. song) fr. belonging to an exit, or to the finale of a tragedy, fr. : cf. F. exode. See Exodus.]
1. Departure; exodus; esp., the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. [Obs.] L. Coleman. Bolingbroke.
2. (Gr. Drama) The final chorus; the catastrophe.
3. (Rom. Antiq.) An afterpiece of a comic description, either a farce or a travesty.
Exodic
Ex•od´ic, a. [Gr. belonging to departure. See Exodus.] (Physiol.) Conducting influences from the spinal cord outward; — said of the motor or efferent nerves. Opposed to esodic.
Exodus
Ex´o•dus, n. [L., the book of Exodus, Gr. a going or marching out; out + way, cf. Skr. a-sad to approach.]
1. A going out; particularly (the Exodus), the going out or journey of the Israelites from Egypt under the conduct of Moses; and hence, any large migration from a place.
2. The second of the Old Testament, which contains the narrative of the departure of the Israelites from Egypt.
Exody
Ex´o•dy, n. Exodus; withdrawal. [Obs.]
"The time of the Jewish exody." Sir M. Hale.
Ex-official
Ex•-of•fi´cial, a. Proceeding from office or authority.
Exogen
Ex´o•gen, n. [ Exo- + - gen: cf. F. exogène.] (Bot.) A plant belonging to one of the greater part of the vegetable kingdom, and which the plants are characterized by having c wood bark, and pith, the wood forming a layer between the other two, and increasing, if at all, by the animal addition of a new layer to the outside next to the bark. The leaves are commonly netted-veined, and the number of cotyledons is two, or, very rarely, several in a whorl. Cf. Endogen. Gray.
Exogenetic
Ex•o•ge•net´ic, a. (Biol.) Arising or growing from without; exogenous.
Exolution
Ex•o•lu´tion, n. [L. exolutio a release. See Exolve.] See Exsolution. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Exolve
Ex•olve´, v. t. [L. exolvere, exsolutum; ex out + solvere.] To loose; to pay. [Obs.]
Exon
Ex´on, n. [F. expect an under officer.] An officer of the Yeomen of the Guard; an Exempt. [Eng.]
Exonerate
Ex•on´er•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exonerated p. pr. & vb. n. Exonerating ] [L. exoneratus, p. p. of exonerare to free from a burden; ex out, from onerare to load, onus load. See Onerous.]
1. To unload; to disburden; to discharge. [Obs.]
"All exonerate themselves into one common duct." Ray.
2. To relieve, in a moral sense, as of a charge, obligation, or load of blame resting on one; to clear of something that lies upon oppresses one, as an accusation or imputation; as to exonerate one’s self from blame, or from the charge of avarice. Burke.
3. To discharge from duty or obligation, as a bail.
Syn. — To absolve; acquit; exculpate. See Absolve.
Exonerative
Ex•on´er•a•tive, a. Freeing from a burden or obligation; tending to exonerate.
Exonerator
Ex•on´er•a•tor, n. [L., an unloader.] One who exonerates or frees from obligation.
Exophthalmic
Ex•oph•thal´mic, a. Of or pertaining to, or characterized by, exophthalmia. Exophthalmic golter. Same as Rasedow’s disease.
Exophthalmos
Ex•oph•thal´mos, Ex•oph•thal´mus, n. [NL.] (Med.) Same as Exophthalmia.
Exophyllous
Ex•oph´yl•lous, a. [ Exo- + Gr. .] (Bot.) Not sheathed in another leaf.
Exoplasm
Ex´o•plasm, n. [ Exo- + Gr. from, fr. to mold.] (Biol.) See Ectosarc, and Ectoplasm.
Exoptable
Ex•op´ta•ble, a. [L. exoptabilis.] Very desirable. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exorable
Ex´o•ra•ble, a. [L. exorabilis: cf. F. exorable. See Exorate.] Capable of being moved by entreaty; pitiful; tender. Milton.
Exorbitant
Ex•or´bi•tant, a. [L. exorbitans, -antis, p. pr. of exorbitare to go out of the track; ex out + orbita track: cf. F. exorbitant. See Orbit.]
1. Departing from an orbit or usual track; hence, deviating from the usual or due course; going beyond the appointed rules or established limits of right or propriety; excessive; extravagant; enormous; inordinate; as exorbitant appetites and passions; exorbitant charges, demands, or claims.
"Foul exorbitant desires." Milton.
2. Not comprehended in a settled rule or method; anomalous.
"The Jews … [were] inured with causes exorbitant, and such as their laws had not provided for." Hooker.
Exorbitantly
Ex•or´bi•tant•ly, adv. In an exorbitant, excessive, or irregular manner; enormously.
Exorbitate
Ex•or´bi•tate, v. i. [L. exorbitatus, p. p. of exorbitare. See Exorbitant.] To go out of the track; to deviate. [Obs.] Bentley.
Exorcise
Ex´or•cise (eks"or•siz), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exorcised (- sizd); p. pr. & vb. n. Exorcising (- si•zing).] [L. exorcizare, Gr. ’exorki•zein; ’ex out + "orki•zein to make one swear, bind by an oath, fr. "o•rkos oath: cf. F. exorciser.]
1. To cast out, as a devil, evil spirits, etc., by conjuration or summoning by a holy name, or by certain ceremonies; to expel (a demon) or to conjure (a demon) to depart out of a person possessed by one.
"He impudently excorciseth devils in the church." Prynne.
2. To deliver or purify from the influence of an evil spirit or demon.
"Exorcise the beds and cross the walls." Dryden.
"Mr. Spectator … do all you can to exorcise crowds who are … processed as I am." Spectator.
Exordium
Ex•or´di•um (-um), n. ; pl. E. Exordiums (-umz), L. Exordia (-a). [L. fr. exordiri to begin a web, lay a warp, begin; ex out + ordiri to begin a web, begin; akin to E. order. See Order.] A beginning; an introduction; especially, the introductory part of a discourse or written composition, which prepares the audience for the main subject; the opening part of an oration. "The exordium of repentance." Jer. Taylor. "Long prefaces and exordiums. " Addison.
Exornation
Ex•or•na´tion, n. [L. exornatio, fr. exornare. See Ornate.] Ornament; decoration; embellishment. [Obs.]
"Hyperbolical exornations … many much affect." Burton.
Exosculate
Ex•os´cu•late, v. t. [L. exosculatus, p. p. of exosculari to kiss. See Osculate.] To kiss; especially, to kiss repeatedly or fondly. [Obs.]
Exoskeletal
Ex•o•skel´e•tal, a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the exoskeleton; as exoskeletal muscles.
Exosmose
Ex´os•mose, n. [ Exo+ osmose: cf. F. ezosmose.] (Physics) The passage of gases, vapors, or liquids through membranes or porous media from within outward, in the phenomena of osmose; — opposed to endosmose. See Osmose.
Exosmosis
Ex•os•mo´sis, n. [NL. See Exo-, and Osmose.] (Physics) See Exosmose.
Exospore
Ex•o•spore, n. [ Exo + spore.] (Biol.) The extreme outer wall of a spore; the epispore.
Exossation
Ex•os•sa´tion, n. A depriving of bone or of fruit stones. [Obs.] Bacon.
Exosseous
Ex•os´se•ous, a. [ Ex + osseous.] Boneless. "Exosseous animals. " Sir T. Browne.
Exostosis
Ex•os•to´sis, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ; out + bone: cf. F. exostose.]
1. (Med.) Any protuberance of a bone which is not natural; an excrescence or morbid enlargement of a bone. Coxe.
2. (Bot.) A knot formed upon or in the wood of trees by disease. { Ex•o•ter´ic, Ex•o•ter´ic•al } a. [L. exotericus, Gr. fr. out: cf. F. exoterique. See Ex-] External; public; suitable to be imparted to the public; hence, capable of being readily or fully comprehended; — opposed to esoteric, or secret.
"The foppery of an exoteric and esoteric doctrine." De Quincey.
Exoterics
Ex•o•ter•ics, n. pl. (Philos.) The public lectures or published writings of Aristotle. See Esoterics.
Exothecium
Ex•o•the´ci•um, n. [NL. See Exotheca.] (Bot.) The outer coat of the anther.
Exotic
Ex•ot´ic, a. [L. exoticus, Gr. fr. ’e•xw outside: cf. F. exotique. See Exoteric.] Introduced from a foreign country; not native; extraneous; foreign; as an exotic plant; an exotic term or word.
"Nothing was so splendid and exotic as the ambassador." Evelyn.
Exotical
Ex•ot´ic•al, a. Foreign; not native; exotic. [R.] — Ex•ot´ic•al•ness, n.
Expand
Ex•pand´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Expanding.] [L. expandere, expansum; ex out + pandere to spread out, to throw open; perh. akin to E. patent. Cf. Spawn.]
1. To lay open by extending; to open wide; to spread out; to diffuse; as a flower expands its leaves.
"Then with expanded wings he steers his flight." Milton.
2. To cause the particles or parts of to spread themselves or stand apart, thus increasing bulk without addition of substance; to make to occupy more space; to dilate; to distend; to extend every way; to enlarge; — opposed to contract; as to expand the chest; heat expands all bodies; to expand the sphere of benevolence.
3. (Math.) To state in enlarged form; to develop; as to expand an equation. See Expansion, 5.
Expanse
Ex•panse´, n. [From L. expansus, p. p. of expandere. See Expand.] That which is expanded or spread out; a wide extent of space or body; especially, the arch of the sky. "The green expanse." Savage.
"Lights … high in the expanse of heaven." Milton.
"The smooth expanse of crystal lakes." Pope.
Expanse
Ex•panse´, v. t. To expand. [Obs.]
"That lies expansed unto the eyes of all." Sir. T. Browne.
Expansibility
Ex•pan•si•bil´i•ty, n. The capacity of being expanded; as the expansibility of air.
Expansile
Ex•pan´sile, a. Expansible.
"Ether and alcohol are more expansile than water." Brande & C.
Expansion
Ex•pan´sion, n. [L. expansio: cf. F. expansion.]
1. The act of expanding or spreading out; the condition of being expanded; dilation; enlargement.
2. That which is expanded; expanse; extend surface; as the expansion of a sheet or of a lake; the expansion was formed of metal.
"The starred expansion of the skies." Beattie.
3. Space through which anything is expanded; also pure space.
"Lost in expansion, void and infinite." Blackmore.
4. (Com.) Enlargement or extension of business transactions; esp., increase of the circulation of bank notes.
5. (Math.) The developed result of an indicated operation; as the expansion of (a + b)2 is a2 + 2ab + b2.
6. (Steam Engine) The operation of steam in a cylinder after its communication with the boiler has been cut off, by which it continues to exert pressure upon the moving piston.
7. (Nav. Arch.) The enlargement of the ship mathematically from a model or drawing to the full or building size, in the process of construction. Ham. Nav. Encyc. Expansion is also used adjectively, as in expansion joint, expansion gear, etc. Expansion curve, a curve the coördinates of which show the relation between the pressure and volume of expanding gas or vapor; esp. (Steam engine), that part of an indicator diagram which shows the declining pressure of the steam as it expands in the cylinder. — Expansion gear (Steam Engine). a cut-off gear. See Illust. of Link motion. — Automatic expansion gear or cut-off, one that is regulated by the governor, and varies the supply of steam to the engine with the demand for power. — Fixed expansion gear, or Fixed cut-off, one that always operates at the same fixed point of the stroke. — Expansion joint, or Expansion coupling (Mech. & Engin.), a yielding joint or coupling for so uniting parts of a machine or structure that expansion, as by heat, is prevented from causing injurious strains; as: (a) A slide or set of rollers, at the end of bridge truss, to support it but allow end play. (b) A telescopic joint in a steam pipe, to permit one part of the pipe to slide within the other. (c) A clamp for holding a locomotive frame to the boiler while allowing lengthwise motion. — Expansion valve (Steam Engine), a cut-off valve, to shut off steam from the cylinder before the end of each stroke.
Expansure
Ex•pan´sure (?shur; 135), n. Expanse. [Obs.] "Night’s rich expansure."
Expatiate
Ex•pa´ti•ate, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Expatiated p. pr. & vb. n. Expariating ] [L. expatiatus, exspatiatus, p. p. of expatiari, exspatiari, to expatiate; ex out + spatiari to walk about spread out, fr. spatium space. See Space.]
1. To range at large, or without restraint.
"Bids his free soul expatiate in the skies." Pope.
2. To enlarge in discourse or writing; to be copious in argument or discussion; to descant.
"He expatiated on the inconveniences of trade." Addison.
Expatriate
Ex•pa´tri•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expatriated p. pr. & vb. n. Expatriating ] [LL. expatriatus, p. p. of expatriare; L. ex out + patria fatherland, native land, fr. pater father. See Patriot.]
1. To banish; to drive or force (a person) from his own country; to make an exile of.
"The expatriated landed interest of France." Burke.
2. Reflexively, as To expatriate one’s self: To withdraw from one’s native country; to renounce the rights and liabilities of citizenship where one is born, and become a citizen of another country.
Expect
Ex•pect´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expected; p. pr. & vb. n. Expecting.] [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]
1. To wait for; to await. [Obs.]
"Let’s in, and there expect their coming." Shak.
2. To look for (mentally); to look forward to, as to something that is believed to be about to happen or come; to have a previous apprehension of, whether of good or evil; to look for with some confidence; to anticipate; — often followed by an infinitive, sometimes by a clause (with, or without, that); as I expect to receive wages; I expect that the troops will be defeated. "Good: I will expect you." Shak. "Expecting thy reply." Shak.
"The Somersetshire or yellow regiment … was expected to arrive on the following day." Macaulay.
Syn. — To anticipate; look for; await; hope. — To Expect, Think, Believe, Await. Expect is a mental act and has aways a reference to the future, to some coming event; as a person expects to die, or he expects to survive. Think and believe have reference to the past and present, as well as to the future; as I think the mail has arrived; I believe he came home yesterday, that he is he is at home now. There is a not uncommon use of expect, which is a confusion of the two; as I expect the mail has arrived; I expect he is at home. This misuse should be avoided. Await is a physical or moral act. We await that which, when it comes, will affect us personally. We expect what may, or may not, interest us personally. See Anticipate.
Expectant
Ex•pect´ant, a. [L. expectans, exspectans, p. pr. of expectare, exspectare: cf. F. expectant.] Waiting in expectation; looking for; (Med.) waiting for the efforts of nature, with little active treatment. Expectant estate (Law), an estate in expectancy. See under Expectancy.
Expectedly
Ex•pect´ed•ly, adv. In conformity with expectation. [R.] Walpole.
Expectorate
Ex•pec´to•rate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expectorated p. pr. & vb. n. Expectorating ] [L. expecrorare to drive from the breast; ex out + pectus, pectiris, breast. See Pectoral.] To eject from the trachea or lungs; to discharge, as phlegm or other matter, by coughing, hawking, and spitting; to spit forth.
Expectorative
Ex•pec´to•ra•tive, a. & n. Same as Expectorant. Harvey.
Expediate
Ex•pe´di•ate, v. t. [Cf. F. expedier. See Expedite.] To hasten; to expedite. [Obs.] "To expediate their business." Sir E. Sandys. { Ex•pe´di•ence, Ex•pe´di•en•cy }, n.
1. The quality of being expedient or advantageous; fitness or suitableness to effect a purpose intended; adaptedness to self-interest; desirableness; advantage; advisability; — sometimes contradistinguished from moral rectitude.
"Divine wisdom discovers no expediency in vice." Cogan.
"To determine concerning the expedience of action." Sharp.
"Much declamation may be heard in the present day against expediency, as if it were not the proper object of a deliberative assembly, and as if it were only pursued by the unprincipled." Whately.
2. Expedition; haste; dispatch. [Obs.]
"Making hither with all due expedience." Shak.
3. An expedition; enterprise; adventure. [Obs.]
"Forwarding this dear expedience." Shak.
Expedient
Ex•pe´di•ent a. [L. expediens, -entis, p. pr. of expedire to be expedient, release, extricate: cf. F. expedient. See Expedite.]
1. Hastening or forward; hence, tending to further or promote a proposed object; fit or proper under the circumstances; conducive to self-interest; desirable; advisable; advantageous; — sometimes contradistinguished from right.
"It is expedient for you that I go away." John xvi. 7.
"Nothing but the right can ever be expedient, since that can never be true expediency which would sacrifice a greater good to a less." Whately.
2. Quick; expeditious. [Obs.]
"His marches are expedient to this town." Shak.
Expediment
Ex•ped´i•ment n. An expedient. [Obs.]
"A like expediment to remove discontent." Barrow.
Expedite
Ex´pe•dite, a. [L. expeditus, p. p. of expedire to free one caught by the foot, to extricate, set free, bring forward, make ready; ex out + pes, prdis, t. See Foot.]
1. Free of impediment; unimpeded.
"To make the way plain and expedite." Hooker.
2. Expeditious; quick; speedily; prompt.
"Nimble and expedite … in its operation." Tollotson.
"Speech is a very short and expedite way of conveying their thoughts." Locke.
Expedite
Ex´pe•dite, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expedited p. pr. & vb. n. Expediting ]
1. To relieve of impediments; to facilitate; to accelerate the process or progress of; to hasten; to quicken; as to expedite the growth of plants.
"To expedite your glorious march." Milton.
2. To despatch; to send forth; to issue officially.
"Such charters be expedited of course." Bacon.
Expeditely
Ex´pe•dite•ly, adv. In expedite manner; expeditiously.
Expeditionary
Ex•pe•di´tion•a•ry, a. Of or pertaining to an expedition; as an expeditionary force.
Expeditionist
Ex•pe•di´tion•ist, n. One who goes upon an expedition. [R].
Expeditious
Ex•pe•di´tious, a. Possessed of, or characterized by, expedition, or efficiency and rapidity in action; performed with, or acting with, expedition; quick; having celerity; speedily; as an expeditious march or messenger. — Ex•pe•di´tious•ly, adv. — Ex•pe•di´tious•ness, n.
Syn. — Prompt; ready; speedy; alert. See Prompt.
Expeditive
Ex•ped´i•tive, a. [Cf. F. expeditif.] Performing with speed. [Obs.] Bacon.
Expel
Ex•pel´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expelled, p. pr. & vb. n.. Expelling.] [L. expellere, expulsum; ex out + pellere to drive: cf.F. expeller. See Pulse a beat.]
1. To drive or force out from that within which anything is contained, inclosed, or situated; to eject; as to expel air from a bellows.
"Did not ye … expel me out of my father’s house?" Judg. xi. 7.
2. To drive away from one’s country; to banish.
"Forewasted all their land, and them expelled." Spenser. .
"He shall expel them from before you … and ye shall possess their land." Josh. xxiii. 5.
3. To cut off from further connection with an institution of learning, a society, and the like; as to expel a student or member.
4. To keep out, off, or away; to exclude. "To expel the winter’s flaw." Shak.
5. To discharge; to shoot. [Obs.]
"Then he another and another [shaft] did expel." Spenser. .
Syn. — To banish; exile; eject; drive out. See Banish.
Expellable
Ex•pel´la•ble, a. Capable of being expelled or driven out. "Expellable by heat." Kirwan.
Expend
Ex•pend´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expended; p. pr. & vb. n. Expending.] [L. expendere, expensum, to weigh out, pay out, lay out, lay out; ex out + pendere to weigh. See Poise, and cf. Spend.] To lay out, apply, or employ in any way; to consume by use; to use up or distribute, either in payment or in donations; to spend; as they expend money for food or in charity; to expend time labor, and thought; to expend hay in feeding cattle, oil in a lamp, water in mechanical operations.
"If my death might make this island happy …
I would expend it with all willingness." Shak.
Expense
Ex•pense´, n. [L. expensa (sc. pecunia), or expensum, fr. expensus, p. p. of expendere. See Expend.]
1. A spending or consuming; disbursement; expenditure.
"Husband nature’s riches from expense." Shak.
2. That which is expended, laid out, or consumed; cost; outlay; charge; — sometimes with the notion of loss or damage to those on whom the expense falls; as the expenses of war; an expense of time.
"Courting popularity at his party’s expense." Brougham.
3. Loss. [Obs.] Shak.
"And moan the expense of many a vanished sight." Spenser. Expense magazine (Mil.), a small magazine containing ammunition for immediate use. H. L. Scott.
Experience
Ex•pe´ri•ence, n. [F. experience, L. experientia, tr. experiens, -entis, p. pr. of experiri, expertus, to try; ex out + the root of pertus experienced. See Peril, and cf. Expert.]
1. Trial, as a test or experiment. [Obs.]
"She caused him to make experience
Upon wild beasts." Spenser.
2. The effect upon the judgment or feelings produced by any event, whether witnessed or participated in; personal and direct impressions as contrasted with description or fancies; personal acquaintance; actual enjoyment or suffering. "Guided by other’s experiences." Shak.
"I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is the lamp of experience." P. Henry
"To most men experience is like the stern lights of a ship, which illumine only the track it has passed." Coleridge.
"When the consuls … came in … they knew soon by experience how slenderly guarded against danger the majesty of rulers is where force is wanting." Holland.
"Those that undertook the religion of our Savior upon his preaching, had no experience of it." Sharp.
3. An act of knowledge, one or more, by which single facts or general truths are ascertained; experimental or inductive knowledge; hence, implying skill, facility, or practical wisdom gained by personal knowledge, feeling or action; as a king without experience of war.
"Whence hath the mind all the materials of reason and knowledge? To this I answer in one word, from experience." Locke.
"Experience may be acquired in two ways; either, first by noticing facts without any attempt to influence the frequency of their occurrence or to vary the circumstances under which they occur; this is observation; or, secondly, by putting in action causes or agents over which we have control, and purposely varying their combinations, and noticing what effects take place; this is experiment." Sir J. Herschel.
Experience
Ex•pe´ri•ence, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Experienced (- enst); p. pr. & vb. n. Experiencing (- en-s?ng).]
1. To make practical acquaintance with; to try personally; to prove by use or trial; to have trial of; to have the lot or fortune of; to have befall one; to be affected by; to feel; as to experience pain or pleasure; to experience poverty; to experience a change of views.
"The partial failure and disappointment which he had experienced in India." Thirwall.
2. To exercise; to train by practice.
"The youthful sailors thus with early care
Their arms experience, and for sea prepare." Harte. To experience religion (Theol.), to become a convert to the doctrines of Christianity; to yield to the power of religious truth.
Experiment
Ex•per´i•ment, n. [L. experimentum, fr. experiri to try: cf. OF. esperiment, experiment. See Experience.]
1. A trial or special observation, made to confirm or disprove something doubtful; esp., one under conditions determined by the experimenter; an act or operation undertaken in order to discover some unknown principle or effect, or to test, establish, or illustrate some suggested or known truth; practical test; proof.
"A political experiment can not be made in a laboratory, nor determined in a few hours." J. Adams.
2. Experience. [Obs.]
"Adam, by sad experiment I know
How little weight my words with thee can find." Milton.
Experiment
Ex•per´i•ment, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Experimented; p. pr. & vb. n. Experinenting.] To make experiment; to operate by test or trial; — often with on, upon, or in, referring to the subject of an experiment; with, referring to the instrument; and by, referring to the means; as to experiment upon electricity; he experimented in plowing with ponies, or by steam power.
Experimentalist
Ex•per•i•men´tal•ist, n. One who makes experiments; an experimenter. Whaterly.
Experimentalize
Ex•per•i•men´tal•ize, v. i. To make experiments (upon); to experiment. J. S. Mill.
Experimentally
Ex•per•i•men´tal•ly, adv. By experiment; by experience or trial. J. S. Mill.
Experimentative
Ex•per•i•men´ta•tive, a. Experimental; of the nature of experiment. [R.]
Experimentator
Ex•per´i•men•ta•tor, n. [LL.] An experimenter. [R.]
Experimenter
Ex•per´i•men•ter, n. One who makes experiments; one skilled in experiments. Faraday.
Expert
Ex•pert´, a. [F. expert, L. expertus, p. p. of experiri to try. See Experience.] Taught by use, practice, or experience, experienced; having facility of operation or performance from practice; knowing and ready from much practice; clever; skillful; as an expert surgeon; expert in chess or archery.
"A valiant and most expert gentleman." Shak.
"What practice, howsoe’er expert
In fitting aptest words to things …
Hath power to give thee as thou wert?" Tennyson.
Syn. — Adroit; dexterous; clever; ready; prompt.
Expert
Ex•pert´, v. t. To experience. [Obs.]
"Die would we daily, once it to expert." Spencer.
Expertly
Ex•pert´ly, adv. In a skillful or dexterous manner; adroitly; with readiness and accuracy.
Expertness
Ex•pert´ness, n. Skill derived from practice; readiness; as expertness in seamanship, or in reasoning.
Syn. — Facility; readiness; dexterity; adroitness; skill. See Facility.
Expiable
Ex´pi•a•ble, a. [See Expiate.] Capable of being expiated or atoned for; as an expiable offense; expiable guilt. Bp. Hall.
Expiate
Ex´pi•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expiated p. pr. & vb. n. Expiating] [L. expiatus, p. p. of expiare to expiate; ex out + piare to seek to appease, to purify with sacred rites, fr. pius pious. See Pious.]
1. To extinguish the guilt of by sufferance of penalty or some equivalent; to make complete satisfaction for; to atone for; to make amends for; to make expiation for; as to expiate a crime, a guilt, or sin.
"To expiate his treason, hath naught left." Milton.
"The Treasurer obliged himself to expiate the injury." Clarendon.
2. To purify with sacred rites. [Obs.]
"Neither let there be found among you any one that shall expiate his son or daughter, making them to pass through the fire." Deut. xviii. 10 (Douay version)
Expiate
Ex´pi•ate, a. [L. expiatus,p. p] Terminated. [Obs.] Shak.
Expiator
Ex´pi•a•tor, n. [L.] One who makes expiation or atonement.
Expiatorious
Ex•pi•a•to´ri•ous, a. Of an expiatory nature; expiatory. Jer. Taylor.
Expilator
Ex´pi•la•tor, n. [L.] One who pillages; a plunderer; a pillager. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Expirable
Ex•pir´a•ble, a. That may expire; capable of being brought to an end.
Expiration
Ex•pi•ra´tion, n. [L. expiratio, exspiratio: cf. F. expiration. See Expire.]
1. The act of expiring; as: (a) (Physiol.) The act or process of breathing out, or forcing air from the lungs through the nose or mouth; as respiration consists of inspiration and expiration; — opposed to inspiration. (b) Emission of volatile matter; exhalation.
"The true cause of cold is an expiration from the globe of the earth." Bacon. (c) The last emission of breath; death. "The groan of expiration." Rambler. (d) A coming to a close; cessation; extinction; termination; end.
"Before the expiration of thy time." Shak.
2. That which is expired; matter breathed forth; that which is produced by breathing out, as a sound.
"The aspirate "he," which is … a gentle expiration." G. Sharp.
Expire
Ex•pire´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expired p. pr & vb. n. Expiring.] [L. expirare, exspirare, expiratum, exspiratum; ex out + spirare to breathe: cf. F. expirer. See Spirit.]
1. To breathe out; to emit from the lungs; to throw out from the mouth or nostrils in the process of respiration; - - opposed to inspire.
"Anatomy exhibits the lungs in a continual motion of inspiring and expiring air." Harvey.
"This chafed the boar; his nostrils flames expire." Dryden.
2. To give forth insensibly or gently, as a fluid or vapor; to emit in minute particles; to exhale; as the earth expires a damp vapor; plants expire odors.
"The expiring of cold out of the inward parts of the earth in winter." Bacon.
3. To emit; to give out. [Obs.] Dryden.
4. To bring to a close; to terminate. [Obs.]
"Expire the term
Of a despised life." Shak.
Expiscation
Ex•pis•ca´tion, n. The act of expiscating; a fishing. [R.] Chapman.
Expiscatory
Ex•pis´ca•to•ry, a. Tending to fish out; searching out [R.] Carlyle.
Explain
Ex•plain´ (eks•plan"), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Explained(- pland"); p. pr. & vb. n. Explaining.] [L. explandare to flatten, spread out, explain; ex out + plandare to make level or plain, planus plain: cf. OF. esplaner, explaner. See Plain, a. , and cf. Esplanade.]
1. To flatten; to spread out; to unfold; to expand. [Obs.]
"The horse-chestnut is … ready to explain its leaf." Evelyn.
2. To make plain, manifest, or intelligible; to clear of obscurity; to expound; to unfold and illustrate the meaning of; as to explain a chapter of the Bible.
"Commentators to explain the difficult passages to you." Gay. To explain away, to get rid of by explanation. "Those explain the meaning quite away." Pope.
Syn. — To expound; interpret; elucidate; clear up.
Explainer
Ex•plain´er, n. One who explains; an expounder or expositor; a commentator; an interpreter.
Explanate
Ex´pla•nate, a. [L. explanatus, p. p. of explanare. See Explain.] (Bot. & Zoöl.) Spreading or extending outwardly in a flat form.
Explanation
Ex•pla•na´tion, n. [L. explanatio: cf. OF. esplanation.]
1. The act of explaining, expounding, or interpreting; the act of clearing from obscurity and making intelligible; as the explanation of a passage in Scripture, or of a contract or treaty.
2. That which explains or makes clear; as a satisfactory explanation.
3. The meaning attributed to anything by one who explains it; definition; interpretation; sense.
"Different explanations [of the Trinity]." Bp. Burnet.
4. A mutual exposition of terms, meaning, or motives, with a view to adjust a misunderstanding, and reconcile differences; reconciliation; agreement; as to come to an explanation.
Syn. — Definition; description; explication; exposition; interpretation; detail. See Definition.
Explanatoriness
Ex•plan´a•to•ri•ness, n. The quality of being explanatory.
Expletion
Ex•ple´tion, n. [L. expletio a satisfying. See Expletive.] Accomplishment; fulfillment. [Obs.] Killingbeck.
Expletive
Ex´ple•tive, a. [L. expletivus, from expletus, p. p. of explere to fill up; ex out+ plere to fill, akin to plenus full: cf. F. expletif. See Full.] Filling up; hence, added merely for the purpose of filling up; superfluous. "Expletive imagery." Hallam.
"Expletive phrases to plump his speech." Barrow.
Expletively
Ex´ple•tive•ly, adv. In the manner of an expletive.
Explicableness
Ex´pli•ca•ble•ness, n. Quality of being explicable.
Explicate
Ex´pli•cate, a. [L. explicatus, p. p. of explicare.] Evolved; unfolded. Jer. Taylor.
Explicate
Ex´pli•cate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Explicated p. pr. & vb. n. Explicating]
1. To unfold; to expand; to lay open. [Obs.] "They explicate the leaves." Blackmore.
2. To unfold the meaning or sense of; to explain; to clear of difficulties or obscurity; to interpret.
"The last verse of his last satire is not yet sufficiently explicated." Dryden.
Explicator
Ex´pli•ca•tor, n. [L.] One who unfolds or explains; an expounder; an explainer.
Explicit
Ex´pli•cit [LL., an abbreviation of explicitus ( est liber) the book (which anciently was a roll of parchment) is unfolded (and, of course, "finished"). See Explicit, a. ] A word formerly used (as finis is now) at the conclusion of a book to indicate the end.
Explicit
Ex•plic´it, a. [L. explicitus; p. p. of explicare to unfold: cf. F. explicite. See Explicate, Exploit.]
1. Not implied merely, or conveyed by implication; distinctly stated; plain in language; open to the understanding; clear; not obscure or ambiguous; express; unequivocal; as an explicit declaration.
"The language of the charter was too explicit to admit of a doubt." Bancroft.
2. Having no disguised meaning or reservation; unreserved; outspoken; — applied to persons; as he was earnest and explicit in his statement. Explicit function. (Math.) See under Function.
Syn. — Express; clear; plain; open; unreserved; unambiguous. — Explicit, Express. Explicit denotes a setting forth in the plainest language, so that the meaning can not be misunderstood; as an explicit promise. Express is stronger than explicit: it adds force to clearness. An express promise or engagement is not only unambiguous, but stands out in bold relief, with the most binding hold on the conscience. An explicit statement; a clear and explicit notion; explicit direction; no words can be more explicit. An explicit command; an express prohibition. "An express declaration goes forcibly and directly to the point. An explicit declaration leaves nothing ambiguous." C. J. Smith.
Explicitness
Ex•plic´it•ness, n. The quality of being explicit; clearness; directness. Jer. Taylor.
Explode
Ex•plode´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Exploded; p. pr. & vb. n. Exploding.] [L. explodere, explosum, to drive out, drive out a player by clapping; ex out+ plaudere, plodere, to clap, strike, applaud: cf. OF. exploder. See Plausible.]
1. To become suddenly expanded into a great volume of gas or vapor; to burst violently into flame; as gunpowder explodes.
2. To burst with force and a loud report; to detonate, as a shell filled with powder or the like material, or as a boiler from too great pressure of steam.
3. To burst forth with sudden violence and noise; as at this, his wrath exploded.
Explodent
Ex•plod´ent, n.
1. An instrument or agent causing explosion; an exploder; also an explosive.
2. See Explosive, n. , 2.
Exploit
Ex•ploit´, n. [OE. esploit success, OF. esploit, espleit,revenue, product, vigor, force, exploit, F. exploit exploit, fr. L. explicitum, prop. p. p. neut. of explicare to unfold, display, exhibit; ex + plicare to fold. See Ply, and cf. Explicit, Explicate.]
1. A deed or act; especially, a heroic act; a deed of renown; an adventurous or noble achievement; as the exploits of Alexander the Great.
"Ripe for exploits and mighty enterprises." Shak.
2. Combat; war. [Obs.]
"He made haste to exploit some warlike service." Holland.
2. [F. exploiter.] To utilize; to make available; to get the value or usefulness out of; as to exploit a mine or agricultural lands; to exploit public opinion. [Recent]
3. Hence: To draw an illegitimate profit from; to speculate on; to put upon. [Recent]
"In no sense whatever does a man who accumulates a fortune by legitimate industry exploit his employes or make his capital "out of" anybody else." W. G. Sumner.
Exploitation
Ex•ploi•ta´tion, n. [F.] The act of exploiting or utilizing. J. D. Whitney.
Explorable
Ex•plor´a•ble, a. That may be explored; as an explorable region.
Explorate
Ex•plo´rate, v. t. [L. explorare, exploratum.] To explore. [Obs.] Sir. T. Browne.
Explorator
Ex´plo•ra•tor, n. [L.] One who explores; one who examines closely; a searcher.
Explore
Ex•plore´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Explored p. pr. & vb. n. Exploring.] [L. explorare to explore; ex out+ plorare to cry out aloud,prob. orig., to cause to flow; perh. akin to E. flow: cf. F. explorer.]
1. To seek for or after; to strive to attain by search; to look wisely and carefully for. [Obs.]
"Explores the lost, the wandering sheep directs." Pope.
2. To search through or into; to penetrate or range over for discovery; to examine thoroughly; as to explore new countries or seas; to explore the depths of science. "Hidden frauds [to] explore." Dryden.
Explorement
Ex•plore´ment, n. The act of exploring; exploration. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Exploring
Ex•plor´ing, a. Employed in, or designed for, exploration. "Exploring parties." Bancroft.
Explosion
Ex•plo´sion, n. [L. explosio a driving off by clapping: cf. F. explosion explosion. See Explode.]
1. The act of exploding; detonation; a chemical action which causes the sudden formation of a great volume of expanded gas; as the explosion of gunpowder, of fire damp,etc.
2. A bursting with violence and loud noise, because of internal pressure; as the explosion of a gun, a bomb, a steam boiler, etc.
3. A violent outburst of feeling, manifested by excited language, action, etc.; as an explosion of wrath.
"A formidable explosion of high-church fanaticism." Macaulay.
Expoliation
Ex•po•li•a´tion, n. See Exspoliation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Expolish
Ex•pol´ish, v. t. [Cf. L. expolire. See Polish.] To polish thoroughly. [Obs.] Heywood.
Expone
Ex•pone´, v. t. [OE. exponen. See Expound.] To expound; to explain; also to expose; to imperil. [Old Eng. & Scotch] Drummond.
Exponent
Ex•po´nent, n. [L. exponens, -entis, p. pr. of exponere to put out, set forth, expose. See Expound.]
1. (Alg.) A number, letter, or any quantity written on the right hand of and above another quantity, and denoting how many times the latter is repeated as a factor to produce the power indicated; thus a2 denotes the second power, and ax the xth power, of a (2 and x being the exponents). A fractional exponent, or index, is used to denote the root of a quantity. Thus, a⅓ denotes the third or cube root of a.
2. One who, or that which, stands as an index or representative; as the leader of a party is the exponent of its principles. Exponent of a ratio, the quotient arising when the antecedent is divided by the consequent; thus, 6 is the exponent of the ratio of 30 to 5. [R.]
Export
Ex•port´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exported; p. pr. & vb. n. Exporting.] [L. exportare, exportatum; ex out+ portare to carry : cf. F. exporter. See Port demeanor.]
1. To carry away; to remove. [Obs.]
"[They] export honor from a man, and make him a return in envy." Bacon.
2. To carry or send abroad, or out of a country, especially to foreign countries, as merchandise or commodities in the way of commerce; — the opposite of import; as to export grain, cotton, cattle, goods, etc.
Exportable
Ex•port´a•ble, a. Suitable for exportation; as exportable products.
Expose
Ex•pose´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exposed p. pr. & vb. n. Exposing.] [F. exposer; pref. ex- (L. ex out)+ poser to place. See Pose, v. t.]
1. To set forth; to set out to public view; to exhibit; to show; to display; as to expose goods for sale; to expose pictures to public inspection.
"Those who seek truth only, freely expose their principles to the test, and are pleased to have them examined." Locke.
2. To lay bare; to lay open to attack, danger, or anything objectionable; to render accessible to anything which may affect, especially detrimentally; to make liable; as to expose one’s self to the heat of the sun, or to cold, insult, danger, or ridicule; to expose an army to destruction or defeat.
"Expose thyself to feel what wretches feel." Shak.
3. To deprive of concealment; to discover; to lay open to public inspection, or bring to public notice, as a thing that shuns publicity, something criminal, shameful, or the like; as to expose the faults of a neighbor.
"You only expose the follies of men, without arraigning their vices." Dryden.
4. To disclose the faults or reprehensible practices of; to lay open to general condemnation or contempt by making public the character or arts of; as to expose a cheat, liar, or hypocrite.
Expose
Ex•po•se´, n. [F., prop. p. p. of exposer. See Expose, v. t.] A formal recital or exposition of facts; exposure, or revelation, of something which some one wished to keep concealed.
Exposition
Ex•po•si´tion, n. [L. expositio, fr. exponere, expositum: cf. F. exposition. See Expound.]
1. The act of exposing or laying open; a setting out or displaying to public view.
2. The act of expounding or of laying open the sense or meaning of an author, or a passage; explanation; interpretation; the sense put upon a passage; a law, or the like, by an interpreter; hence, a work containing explanations or interpretations; a commentary.
"You know the law; your exposition
Hath been most sound." Shak.
3. Situation or position with reference to direction of view or accessibility to influence of sun, wind, etc.; exposure; as an easterly exposition; an exposition to the sun. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
4. A public exhibition or show, as of industrial and artistic productions; as the Paris Exposition of 1878. [A Gallicism]
Expositive
Ex•pos´i•tive, a. Serving to explain; expository. Bp. Pearson.
Expositor
Ex•pos´i•tor, n. [L. See Expound.] One who, or that which, expounds or explains; an expounder; a commentator. Bp. Horsley.
Expostulate
Ex•pos´tu•late ( 135), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Expostulated p. pr. & vb. n. Expostulating.] [L. expostulatus, p. p. of expostulare to demand vehemently; ex out + postulare to ask, require. See Postulate.] To reason earnestly with a person on some impropriety of his conduct, representing the wrong he has done or intends, and urging him to make redress or to desist; to remonstrate; — followed by with.
"Men expostulate with erring friends; they bring accusations against enemies who have done them a wrong." Jowett (Thuc. ).
Syn. — To remonstrate; reason. See Remonstrate.
Expostulator
Ex•pos´tu•la•tor (135), n. One who expostulates. Lamb.
Exposture
Ex•pos´ture (135), n. [Cf. Imposture.] Exposure. [Obs.] Shak.
Exposure
Ex•po´sure (135), n. [From Expose.]
1. The act of exposing or laying open, setting forth, laying bare of protection, depriving of care or concealment, or setting out to reprobation or contempt.
"The exposure of Fuller … put an end to the practices of that vile tribe." Macaulay.
2. The state of being exposed or laid open or bare; openness to danger; accessibility to anything that may affect, especially detrimentally; as exposure to observation, to cold, to inconvenience.
"When we have our naked frailties hid,
That suffer in exposure." Shak.
3. Position as to points of compass, or to influences of climate, etc. "Under a southern exposure." Evelyn.
"The best exposure of the two for woodcocks." Sir. W. Scott.
4. (Photog.) The exposing of a sensitized plate to the action of light.
Expound
Ex•pound´ (eks•pound"), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Expounding.] [OE. exponen, expounen, expounden, fr. L. exponere to set out, expose, expound; ex out + ponere to put: cf. OE. expondre, expondre. See Position.]
1. To lay open; to expose to view; to examine. [Obs.]
"He expounded both his pockets." Hudibras.
2. To lay open the meaning of; to explain; to clear of obscurity; to interpret; as to expound a text of Scripture, a law, a word, a meaning, or a riddle.
"Expound this matter more fully to me." Bunyan.
Expounder
Ex•pound´er (-er), n. One who expounds or explains; an interpreter.
Express
Ex•press´ (eks•pres"), a. [F. exprès, L. expressus, p. p. of exprimere to express; ex. out + premere To press. See Press.]
1. Exactly representing; exact.
"Their human countenance
The express resemblance of the gods." Milton.
2. Directly and distinctly stated; declared in terms; not implied or left to inference; made unambiguous by intention and care; clear; not dubious; as express consent; an express statement.
"I have express commandment." Shak.
3. Intended for a particular purpose; relating to an express; sent on a particular errand; dispatched with special speed; as an express messenger or train. Also used adverbially.
" A messenger sent express from the other world." Atterbury. Express color. (Law) See the Note under Color, n. , 8.
Syn. — Explicit; clear; unambiguous. See Explicit.
Express
Ex•press´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expressed p. pr. & vb. n. Expressing.] [Cf. OF. espresser, expresser, L. exprimere, expressum. See Express, a. ; cf. Sprain.]
1. To press or squeeze out; as to express the juice of grapes, or of apples; hence, to extort; to elicit.
"All the fruits out of which drink is expressed." Bacon.
"And th’idle breath all utterly expressed." Spenser.
"Halters and racks can not express from thee
More than by deeds." B. Jonson.
2. To make or offer a representation of; to show by a copy or likeness; to represent; to resemble.
"Each skillful artist shall express thy form." E. Smith.
"So kids and whelps their sires and dams express." Dryden.
3. To give a true impression of; to represent and make known; to manifest plainly; to show in general; to exhibit, as an opinion or feeling, by a look, gesture, and esp. by language; to declare; to utter; to tell.
"My words express my purpose." Shak.
"They expressed in their lives those excellent doctrines of morality." Addison.
4. To make known the opinions or feelings of; to declare what is in the mind of; to show (one’s self); to cause to appear; — used reflexively.
"Mr. Phillips did express with much indignation against me, one evening." Pope.
5. To denote; to designate.
"Moses and Aaron took these men, which are expressed by their names." Num. i. 17.
6. To send by express messenger; to forward by special opportunity, or through the medium of an express; as to express a package.
Syn. — To declare; utter; signify; testify; intimate.
Expressage
Ex•press´age (eks•pres"aj; 48), n. The charge for carrying a parcel by express.
Expressionless
Ex•pres´sion•less, a. Destitute of expression.
Expressness
Ex•press´ness, n. The state or quality of being express; definiteness. [Obs.] Hammond.
Expugn
Ex•pugn´ (eks•pun"), v. t. [L. expugnare; ex out + pugnare to fight, pugna fight. Cf. Impugn.] To take by assault; to storm; to overcome; to vanquish; as to expugn cities; to expugn a person by arguments.
Expugnable
Ex•pug´nable (eks•pug"na•b’l), a. [L. expugnabilis.] Capable of being expugned.
Expugnation
Ex•pug•na´tion, n. [L. expugnatio.] The act of taking by assault; conquest. [R.] Sandys.
Expulse
Ex•pulse´, v. t. [F. expulser or L. expulsare, intens. fr. expellere. See Expel.] To drive out; to expel. [Obs.]
"If charity be thus excluded and expulsed." Milton.
Expulsion
Ex•pul´sion, n. [L. expulsio, fr. expellere: cf. F. expulsion. See Expel.]
1. The act of expelling; a driving or forcing out; summary removal from membership, association, etc.
"The expulsion of the Tarquins." Shak.
2. The state of being expelled or driven out.
Expunction
Ex•punc´tion, n. [L. expunctio execution, performance, from expungere. See Expunge.] The act of expunging or erasing; the condition of being expunged. Milton.
Expunge
Ex•punge´ (eks•punj"), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expunged (- punjd"); p. pr. & vb. n. Expunging (- pun"jing).] [L. expungere, expunctum, prick out, expunge, settle an account, execute; ex out + pungere to prick, puncture. See Pungent.]
1. To blot out, as with pen; to rub out; to efface designedly; to obliterate; to strike out wholly; as to expunge words, lines, or sentences.
2. To strike out; to wipe out or destroy; to annihilate; as to expunge an offense. Sandys.
"Expunge the whole, or lop th’ excrescent parts." Pope.
Syn. — To efface; erase; obliterate; strike out; destroy; annihilate; cancel.
Expurgate
Ex´pur•gate (eks"pur•gat or eks•pûr"gat; 277), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Expurgated (- ga"ted); p. pr. & vb. n. Expurgating (-ga"ting).] [L. expurgatus, p. p. of expurgare to purge, purify; ex out, from + purgare to cleanse, purify, purge. See Purge, and cf. Spurge.] To purify; to clear from anything noxious, offensive, or erroneous; to cleanse; to purge; as to expurgate a book.
Expurgator
Ex´pur•ga•tor ( 277), n. One who expurgates or purifies.
Expurgatorial
Ex•pur•ga•to´ri•al, a. Tending or serving to expurgate; expurgatory. Milman.
Expurgatorious
Ex•pur•ga•to´ri•ous, a. Expurgatory. [Obs.] "Expurgatorious indexes." Milton.
Expurgatory
Ex•pur´ga•to•ry, a. [Cf. F. expurgatoire.] Serving to purify from anything noxious or erroneous; cleansing; purifying. "Expurgatory animadversions." Sir T. Browne.Expurgatory Index. See Index Expurgatorius, under Index.
Expurge
Ex•purge´, v. t. [Cf. OF. espurgier. See Expurgate.] To purge away. [Obs.] Milton.
Exquire
Ex•quire´, v. t. [L. exquirere. See Exquisite.] To search into or out. [Obs.] Chapman.
Exquisite
Ex´qui•site, a. [L. exquisitus, p. p. of exquirere to search out; ex out + quarere to seek, search. See Quest.]
1. Carefully selected or sought out; hence, of distinguishing and surpassing quality; exceedingly nice; delightfully excellent; giving rare satisfaction; as exquisite workmanship.
"Plate of rare device, and jewels
Of reach and exquisite form." Shak.
"I have no exquisite reason for ’t, but I have reason good enough." Shak.
2. Exceeding; extreme; keen; — used in a bad or a good sense; as exquisite pain or pleasure.
3. Of delicate perception or close and accurate discrimination; not easy to satisfy; exact; nice; fastidious; as exquisite judgment, taste, or discernment.
"His books of Oriental languages, wherein he was exquisite." Fuller.
Syn. — Nice; delicate; exact; refined; choice; rare; matchless; consummate; perfect.
Exquisiteness
Ex´qui•site•ness, n. Quality of being exquisite.
Exsanguineous
Ex•san•guin´e•ous, a. Destitute of blood; anaemic; exsanguious.
Exsanguious
Ex•san´gui•ous, a. [L. exsanguis; ex out + sanguis, sanguinis, blood. Cf. Exsanguineous.]
1. Destitute of blood. Sir T. Browne.
2. (Zoöl.) Destitute of true, or red, blood, as insects.
Exscind
Ex•scind´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exscinded; p. pr. & vb. n. Exscinding.] [L. exscindere; ex out, from + scindere to cut.] To cut off; to separate or expel from union; to extirpate. Barrow.
"The second presbytery of Philadelphia was also exscinded by that Assembly." Am. Cyc.
Exscript
Ex´script, n. [L. exscriptus, p. p. of exscribere.] A copy; a transcript. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exsect
Ex•sect´, v. t. [L. exsectio.]
1. A cutting out or away. E. Darwin.
2. (Surg.) The removal by operation of a portion of a limb; particularly, the removal of a portion of a bone in the vicinity of a joint; the act or process of cutting out. { Ex•sert´, Ex•sert´ed } a. [L. exsertus, p. p. of exserere to stretch out or forth. See Exert.] Standing out; projecting beyond some other part; as exsert stamens.
"A small portion of the basal edge of the shell exserted." D. H. Barnes.
Exsert
Ex•sert´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exserted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exserting.] [See Exsert, a. , Exert.] To thrust out; to protrude; as some worms are said to exsert the proboscis.
Exsertile
Ex•sert´ile, a. (Biol.) Capable of being thrust out or protruded. J. Fleming.
Exsiccant
Ex•sic´cant, a. [L. exsiccans, p. pr. of exsiccare. See Exsiccate.] Having the quality of drying up; causing a drying up. — n. (Med.) An exsiccant medicine.
Exsiccate
Ex´sic•cate ( 277), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exsiccated p. pr. & vb. n. Exsiccating.] [L. exsiccatus, p. p. of exsiccare to dry up; ex out + siccare to make dry, siccus dry.] To exhaust or evaporate moisture from; to dry up. Sir T. Browne.
Exsiccative
Ex•sic´ca•tive, a. Tending to make dry; having the power of drying.
Exsolution
Ex•so•lu´tion, n. [L. exsolutio a release.] Relaxation. [R.] Richardson (Dict. ).
Exspoliation
Ex•spo•li•a´tion, n. [L. exspoliatio, fr. exspoliare to spoil, to plunder; ex out, from + spoliare. See Spoliate.] Spoliation. [Obs. or R.] Bp. Hall.
Exsputory
Ex•spu´to•ry, a. Spit out, or as if spit out. "Exsputory lines." Cowper.
Exstipulate
Ex•stip´u•late, a. [Pref. ex- + stipulate.] (Bot.) Having no stipules. Martyn.
Exsufflate
Ex•suf•flate´, v. t. [L. exsufflare to blow at or upon; ex out + sufflare. See Sufflate.] (Eccles.) To exorcise or renounce by blowing.
Exsuscitate
Ex•sus´ci•tate, v. t. [L. exsuscitatus, p. p. of exsuscitare; ex out + suscitare. See Suscitate.] To rouse; to excite. [Obs.] Johnson.
Exsuscitation
Ex•sus•ci•ta´tion, n. [L. exsuscitatio.] A stirring up; a rousing. [Obs.] Hallywell.
Extacy
Ex´ta•cy, n. See Ecstasy. [Obs.]
Extance
Ex´tance, n. [L. extantia, exstantia, a standing out, fr. exstans, p. pr. See Extant.] Outward existence. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Extant
Ex´tant, a. [L. extans, - antis, or exstans, -antis, p. pr. of extare, exstare, to stand out or forth; ex out + stare to stand: cf. F. extant. See Stand.]
1. Standing out or above any surface; protruded.
"That part of the teeth which is extant above the gums." Ray.
"A body partly immersed in a fluid and partly extant." Bentley.
2. Still existing; not destroyed or lost; outstanding.
"Writings that were extant at that time." Sir M. Hale.
"The extant portraits of this great man." I. Taylor.
3. Publicly known; conspicuous. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Extasy
Ex´ta•sy, n. & v. t. See Ecstasy, n. & v. t.
Extemporanean
Ex•tem•po•ra´ne•an, a. Extemporaneous. [Obs] Burton.
Extemporaneous
Ex•tem•po•ra´ne•ous, a. [See Extempore.] Composed, performed, or uttered on the spur of the moment, or without previous study; unpremeditated; off-hand; extempore; extemporary; as an extemporaneous address or production. — Ex•tem•po•ra´ne•ous•ly, adv. — Ex•tem•po•ra´ne•ous•ness, n.
Extempore
Ex•tem´po•re, adv. [L. ex out + tempus, temporis, time. See Temporal.] Without previous study or meditation; without preparation; on the spur of the moment; suddenly; extemporaneously; as to write or speak extempore. Shak. — a. Done or performed extempore. "Extempore dissertation." Addison. "Extempore poetry." Dryden. — n. Speaking or writing done extempore. [Obs.] Bp. Fell.
Extemporiness
Ex•tem´po•ri•ness, n. The quality of being done or devised extempore [Obs.] Johnson.
Extemporize
Ex•tem´po•rize, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Extemporized p. pr. & vb. n. Extemporizing] To speak extempore; especially, to discourse without special preparation; to make an offhand address.
Extend
Ex•tend´ (eks•tend"), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extended; p. pr. & vb. n. Extending.] [L. extendere, extentum, extensum; ex out + tendere to stretch. See Trend.]
1. To stretch out; to prolong in space; to carry forward or continue in length; as to extend a line in surveying; to extend a cord across the street.
"Few extend their thoughts toward universal knowledge." Locke.
2. To enlarge, as a surface or volume; to expand; to spread; to amplify; as to extend metal plates by hammering or rolling them.
3. To enlarge; to widen; to carry out further; as to extend the capacities, the sphere of usefulness, or commerce; to extend power or influence; to continue, as time; to lengthen; to prolong; as to extend the time of payment or a season of trial.
4. To hold out or reach forth, as the arm or hand.
"His helpless hand extend." Dryden.
5. To bestow; to offer; to impart; to apply; as to extend sympathy to the suffering.
6. To increase in quantity by weakening or adulterating additions; as to extend liquors. G. P. Burnham.
7. (Eng. Law) To value, as lands taken by a writ of extent in satisfaction of a debt; to assign by writ of extent. Extended letter (Typog.), a letter, or style of type, having a broader face than is usual for a letter or type of the same height. This is extended type.
Syn. — To increase; enlarge; expand; widen; diffuse. See Increase.
Extender
Ex•tend´er, n. One who, or that which, extends or stretches anything.
Extense
Ex•tense´, a. [L. extensus, p. p. See Extend, v. t.] Outreaching; expansive; extended, superficially or otherwise.
"Men and gods are too extense;
Could you slacken and condense?" Emerson.
Extensible
Ex•ten´si•ble, a. [Cf. F. extensible. See Extend.] Capable of being extended, whether in length or breadth; susceptible of enlargement; extensible; extendible; — the opposite of contractible or compressible. "An extensible membrane" Holder.
Extensile
Ex•ten´sile a. Suited for, or capable of, extension; extensible. Owen.
Extension
Ex•ten´sion, n. [L. extensio: cf. F. extension. See Extend, v. t.]
1. The act of extending or the state of being extended; a stretching out; enlargement in breadth or continuation of length; increase; augmentation; expansion.
2. (Physics) That property of a body by which it occupies a portion of space.
3. (Logic & Metaph.) Capacity of a concept or general term to include a greater or smaller number of objects; — correlative of intension.
"The law is that the intension of our knowledge is in the inverse ratio of its extension." Sir W. Hamilton.
"The extension of [the term] plant is greater than that of geranium, because it includes more objects." Abp. Thomson.
4. (Surg.) The operation of stretching a broken bone so as to bring the fragments into the same straight line.
5. (Physiol.) The straightening of a limb, in distinction from flexion.
6. (Com.) A written engagement on the part of a creditor, allowing a debtor further time to pay a debt. Counter extension. (Surg.) See under Counter. — Extension table, a table so constructed as to be readily extended or contracted in length.
Extensionist
Ex•ten´sion•ist, n. One who favors or advocates extension.
Extensive
Ex•ten´sive, a. [L. extensivus: cf. F. extensif. See Extend.]
1. Having wide extent; of much superficial extent; expanded; large; broad; wide; comprehensive; as an extensive farm; an extensive lake; an extensive sphere of operations; extensive benevolence; extensive greatness.
2. Capable of being extended. [Obs.]
"Silver beaters choose the finest coin, as that which is most extensive under the hammer." Boyle.
Extensor
Ex•ten´sor, n. [L., one who stretches. See Extend.] (Anat.) A muscle which serves to extend or straighten any part of the body, as an arm or a finger; — opposed to flexor.
Extent
Ex•tent´, a. [L. extentus, p. p. of extendere. See Extend.] Extended. [Obs.] Spenser.
Extent
Ex•tent´, n. [L. extentus, fr. extendere. See Extend.]
1. Space or degree to which a thing is extended; hence, superficies; compass; bulk; size; length; as an extent of country or of line; extent of information or of charity.
"Life in its large extent is scare a span." Cotton.
2. Degree; measure; proportion. "The extent to which we can make ourselves what we wish to be." Lubbock.
3. (Eng. Law) (a) A peculiar species of execution upon debts due to the crown, under which the lands and goods of the debtor may be seized to secure payment. (b) A process of execution by which the lands and goods of a debtor are valued and delivered to the creditor.
Extenuate
Ex•ten´u•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extenuated p. pr. & vb. n. Extenuating] [L. extenuatus, p. p. of extenuare to make thin, loosen, weaken; ex out + tenuare to make thin, tenuis thin. See Tenuity.]
1. To make thin or slender; to draw out so as to lessen the thickness.
"His body behind the head becomes broad, from whence it is again extenuated all the way to the tail." Grew.
2. To lessen; to palliate; to lessen or weaken the force of; to diminish the conception of, as crime, guilt, faults, ills, accusations, etc.; — opposed to aggravate.
"But fortune there extenuates the crime." Dryden.
"Let us extenuate, conceal, adorn the unpleasing reality." I. Taylor.
3. To lower or degrade; to detract from. [Obs.]
"Who can extenuate thee?" Milton.
Syn. — To palliate; to mitigate. See Palliate.
Extenuate
Ex•ten´u•ate, a. [L. extenuatus, p. p.] Thin; slender. [Obs.] Huloet.
Exterior
Ex•te´ri•or, a. [L. exterior, compar. of exter or exterus on the outside, outward, foreign, strange, a compar. fr. ex: cf. F. exterieur. See Ex, and cf. Extreme, Interior.]
1. External; outward; pertaining to that which is external; — opposed to interior; as the exterior part of a sphere.
"Sith nor the exterior nor the inward man
Resemble that it was." Shak.
2. External; on the outside; without the limits of; extrinsic; as an object exterior to a man, opposed to what is within, or in his mind.
"Without exterior help sustained." Milton.
3. Relating to foreign nations; foreign; as the exterior relations of a state or kingdom. Exterior angle (Geom.), the angle included between any side of a triangle or polygon and the prolongation of the adjacent side; also an angle included between a line crossing two parallel lines and either of the latter on the outside. — Exterior side (Fort.), the side of the polygon upon which a front of fortification is formed. Wilhelm. See Illust. of Ravelin.
Exteriority
Ex•te•ri•or´i•ty, n. [Cf. F. exteriorite.] Surface; superficies; externality.
Exterminate
Ex•ter´mi•nate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exterminated p. pr. & vb. n. Exterminating] [L. exterminatus, p. p. of exterminare to abolish, destroy, drive out or away; ex out + terminus boundary, limit. See Term.]
1. To drive out or away; to expel.
"They deposed, exterminated, and deprived him of communion." Barrow.
2. To destroy utterly; to cut off; to extirpate; to annihilate; to root out; as to exterminate a colony, a tribe, or a nation; to exterminate error or vice.
"To explode and exterminate rank atheism." Bentley.
3. (Math.) To eliminate, as unknown quantities. [R.]
Exterminator
Ex•ter´mi•na•tor, n. [L.] One who, or that which, exterminates. Buckle.
Extermine
Ex•ter´mine, v. t. [F. exterminer.] To exterminate; to destroy. [Obs.] Shak.
Extern
Ex•tern´, a. [Cf. F. externe. See External.] External; outward; not inherent. [Obs.] Shak.
External
Ex•ter´nal, a. [L. externus, fr. exter, exterus, on the outside, outward. See Exterior.]
1. Outward; exterior; relating to the outside, as of a body; being without; acting from without; — opposed to internal; as the external form or surface of a body.
"Of all external things, …
She [Fancy] forms imaginations, aery shapes." Milton.
2. Outside of or separate from ourselves; (Metaph.) separate from the perceiving mind.
3. Outwardly perceptible; visible; physical or corporeal, as distinguished from mental or moral.
"Her virtues graced with external gifts." Shak.
4. Not intrinsic nor essential; accidental; accompanying; superficial.
"The external circumstances are greatly different." Trench.
5. Foreign; relating to or connected with foreign nations; as external trade or commerce; the external relations of a state or kingdom.
6. (Anat.) Away from the mesial plane of the body; lateral. External angles. (Geom.) See under Angle.
Externalistic
Ex•ter•nal•is´tic, a. Pertaining to externalism. North Am. Rev.
Externe
Ex•terne´, n. [F. Cf. Extern.] (med.) An officer in attendance upon a hospital, but not residing in it; esp., one who cares for the out- patients.
Extill
Ex•till´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Extilled p. pr. & vb. n. Extilling.] [L. extillare, exstillare; ex out + stillare to drop, stilla drop.] To drop or distill. [Obs.] Johnson.
Extimulate
Ex•tim´u•late, v. t. [L. extimulatus, exstimulatus, p. p. of extimulare, exstimulare, to goad. See Stimulate.] To stimulate. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Extinct
Ex•tinct´, a. [L. extinctus, exstinctus, p. p. of extinguere, exstinguere. See Extinguish.]
1. Extinguished; put out; quenched; as a fire, a light, or a lamp, is extinct; an extinct volcano.
"Light, the prime work of God, to me is extinct." Milton.
2. Without a survivor; without force; dead; as a family becomes extinct; an extinct feud or law.
Extinct
Ex•tinct´, v. t. To cause to be extinct. [Obs.] Shak.
Extine
Ex´tine ( 104), n. [L. exter on the outside. Cf. Intine.] (bot.) The outer membrane of the grains of pollen of flowering plants.
Extinguish
Ex•tin´guish, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extinguished p pr. & vb. n. Extinguishing.] [L. extinguere, exstinguere; ex out + stinguere to quench. See Distinguish, Finish.]
1. To quench; to put out, as a light or fire; to stifle; to cause to die out; to put an end to; to destroy; as to extinguish a flame, or life, or love, or hope, a pretense or a right.
"A light which the fierce winds have no power to extinguish." Prescott.
"This extinguishes my right to the reversion." Blackstone.
2. To obscure; to eclipse, as by superior splendor.
"Natural graces that extinguish art." Shak.
Extinguishable
Ex•tin´guish•a•ble, a. Capable of being quenched, destroyed, or suppressed.
Extirpate
Ex´tir•pate ( 277), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extirpated p. pr. & vb. n. Extirpating] [L. extirpatus, exstirpatus, p. p. of extirpare, exstirpare; ex out + strips stock, stem, root.] To pluck up by the stem or root; to root out; to eradicate, literally or figuratively; to destroy wholly; as to extirpate weeds; to extirpate a tumor; to extirpate a sect; to extirpate error or heresy.
Syn. — To eradicate; root out; destroy; exterminate; annihilate; extinguish.
Extirpative
Ex´tir•pa•tive, a. Capable of rooting out, or tending to root out. Cheyne.
Extogenous
Ex•tog´e•nous, a. [L. exter outward + genous.] (Biol.) Exogenous.
Extol
Ex•tol´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extolled p. pr. & vb. n. Extolling.] [L. extollere; ex out + tollere to lift, take up, or raise: cf. OF. extoller. See Tollerate, and cf. Flate.]
1. To place on high; to lift up; to elevate. [Obs.]
"Who extolled you in the half-crown boxes,
Where you might sit and muster all the beauties." Beau. & Fl.
2. To elevate by praise; to eulogize; to praise; to magnify; as to extol virtue; to extol an act or a person.
"Wherein have I so deserved of you,
That you extol me thus?" Shak.
Syn. — To praise; applaud; commend; magnify; celebrate; laud; glorify. See Praise.
Extorsive
Ex•tor´sive, a. [See Extort.] Serving or tending to extort. [R.] Johnson. — Ex•tor´sive•ly, adv. [R.]
Extort
Ex•tort´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Extorting.] [L. extortus, p. p. of extorquere to twist or wrench out, to extort; ex out + torquere to turn about, twist. See Torsion.]
1. To wrest from an unwilling person by physical force, menace, duress, torture, or any undue or illegal exercise of power or ingenuity; to wrench away (from); to tear away; to wring (from); to exact; as to extort contributions from the vanquished; to extort confessions of guilt; to extort a promise; to extort payment of a debt.
2. (Law) To get by the offense of extortion. See Extortion, 2.
Extort
Ex•tort´, v. i. To practice extortion. [Obs.] Spenser.
Extort
Ex•tort´, p. p. & a. [L. extortus. p. p.] Extorted. [Obs.] Spenser.
Extortionate
Ex•tor´tion•ate, a. Characterized by extortion; oppressive; hard.
Extra-
Ex´tra- [L., fr. exter. See Exterior.] A Latin preposition, denoting beyond, outside of; — often used in composition as a prefix signifying outside of, beyond, besides, or in addition to what is denoted by the word to which it is prefixed.
Extract
Ex•tract´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Extracting.] [L. extractus, p. p. of extrahere to extract; ex out + trahere to draw. See Trace, and cf. Estreat.]
1. To draw out or forth; to pull out; to remove forcibly from a fixed position, as by traction or suction, etc.; as to extract a tooth from its socket, a stump from the earth, a splinter from the finger.
"The bee
Sits on the bloom extracting liquid sweet." Milton.
2. To withdraw by expression, distillation, or other mechanical or chemical process; as to extract an essence. Cf. Abstract, v. t., 6.
"Sunbeams may be extracted from cucumbers, but the process is tedious."
3. To take by selection; to choose out; to cite or quote, as a passage from a book.
"I have extracted out of that pamphlet a few notorious falsehoods." Swift. To extract the root (Math.), to ascertain the root of a number or quantity.
Extract
Ex´tract, n.
1. That which is extracted or drawn out.
2. A portion of a book or document, separately transcribed; a citation; a quotation.
3. A decoction, solution, or infusion made by drawing out from any substance that which gives it its essential and characteristic virtue; essence; as extract of beef; extract of dandelion; also any substance so extracted, and characteristic of that from which it is obtained; as quinine is the most important extract of Peruvian bark.
4. (Med.) A solid preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a drug, etc., or the fresh juice of a plant; — distinguished from an abstract. See Abstract, n. , 4.
5. (Old Chem.) A peculiar principle once erroneously supposed to form the basis of all vegetable extracts; — called also the extractive principle. [Obs.]
6. Extraction; descent. [Obs.] South.
7. (Scots Law) A draught or copy of writing; certified copy of the proceedings in an action and the judgement therein, with an order for execution. Tomlins. Fluid extract (Med.), a concentrated liquid preparation, containing a definite proportion of the active principles of a medicinal substance. At present a fluid gram of extract should represent a gram of the crude drug. { Ex•tract´a•ble, Ex•tract´i•ble } a. Capable of being extracted.
Extractiform
Ex•tract´i•form, a. (Chem.) Having the form, appearance, or nature, of an extract.
Extradictionary
Ex•tra•dic´tion•a•ry, a. [Pref. extra- + L. dictio a saying. See Diction.] Consisting not in words, but in realities. [Obs.]
"Of these extradictionary and real fallacies, Aristotle and logicians make in number six." Sir T. Browne.
Extradite
Ex´tra•dite, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extradited p. pr. & vb. n. Extraditing] To deliver up by one government to another, as a fugitive from justice. See Extradition.
Extradition
Ex•tra•di´tion, n. [L. ex out + traditio a delivering up: cf. F. extradition. See Tradition.] The surrender or delivery of an alleged criminal by one State or sovereignty to another having jurisdiction to try charge.
Extrados
Ex•tra´dos, n. [F.; pref. extra- outside + dos (L. dorsum) the back.] (Arch.) The exterior curve of an arch; esp., the upper curved face of the whole body of voussoirs. See Intrados.
Extrageneous
Ex•tra•ge´ne•ous, a. [Pref. extra- + L. genus race.] Belonging to another race or kind.
Extralogical
Ex•tra•log´ic•al, a. Lying outside of the domain of logic. — Ex•tra•log´ic•al•ly, adv.
Extramission
Ex•tra•mis´sion, n. A sending out; emission. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Extramural
Ex•tra•mu´ral, a. Outside of the walls, as of a fortified or walled city.
Extraneity
Ex•tra•ne´i•ty, n. State of being without or beyond a thing; foreignness. [Obs.]
Extraneous
Ex•tra´ne•ous, a. [L. extraneus, from extra. See Extra-, Strange.] Not belonging to, or dependent upon, a thing; without or beyond a thing; not essential or intrinsic; foreign; as to separate gold from extraneous matter.
"Nothing is admitted extraneous from the indictment." Landor. — Ex•tra´ne•ous•ly, adv.
Extra-official
Ex•tra-of•fi´cial, a. Not prescribed by official duty.
Extraordinarily
Ex•traor´di•na•ri•ly, adv. In an extraordinary manner or degree.
Extraordinary
Ex•traor´di•na•ry, a. [L. extraordinarius; extra on the outside + ordinarius: cf. F. extraordinaire. See Ordinary.]
1. Beyond or out of the common order or method; not usual, customary, regular, or ordinary; as extraordinary evils; extraordinary remedies.
"Which dispose
To something extraordinary my thoughts." Milton.
2. Exceeding the common degree, measure. or condition; hence, remarkable; uncommon; rare; wonderful; as extraordinary talents or grandeur.
3. Employed or sent upon an unusual or special service; as an ambassador extraordinary.
Extraparochial
Ex•tra•pa•ro´chi•al, a. Beyond the limits of a parish. — Ex•tra•pa•ro´chi•al•ly, adv.
Extraphysical
Ex•tra•phys´i•cal, a. Not subject to physical laws or methods.
Extraregular
Ex•tra•reg´u•lar, a. Not comprehended within a rule or rules. Jer. Taylor.
Extratropical
Ex•tra•trop´ic•al, a. Beyond or outside of the tropics. Whewell.
Extraught
Ex•traught´, p. p. of Extract. [Cf. Distraught.] Extracted; descended. [Obs.]
"Knowing whence thou art extraught" Shak.
Extravagance
Ex•trav´a•gance, n. [Cf. F. extravagance. See Extravagant, and cf. Extravaganza.]
1. A wandering beyond proper limits; an excursion or sally from the usual way, course, or limit.
2. The state of being extravagant, wild, or prodigal beyond bounds of propriety or duty; want of moderation; excess; especially, undue expenditure of money; vaid and superfluous expense; prodigality; as extravagance of anger, love, expression, imagination, demands.
"Some verses of my own, Maximin and Almanzor, cry vengeance on me for their extravagance." Dryden.
"The income of three dukes was enough to supply her extravagance." Arbuthnot.
Syn. — Wildness; irregularity; excess; prodigality; profusion; waste; lavishness; unreasonableness; recklessness.
Extravagancy
Ex•trav´a•gan•cy, n. ; pl. Extravagancies . Extravagance.
Extravagant
Ex•trav´a•gant, a. [F. extravagant, fr. L. extra on the outside + vagans, -antis, p. pr. of vagari to wander, from vagus wandering, vague. See Vague.]
1. Wandering beyond one’s bounds; roving; hence, foreign. [Obs.]
"The extravagant and erring spirit hies
To his confine." Shak.
2. Exceeding due bounds; wild; excessive; unrestrained; as extravagant acts, wishes, praise, abuse.
"There appears something nobly wild and extravagant in great natural geniuses." Addison.
3. Profuse in expenditure; prodigal; wasteful; as an extravagant man. "Extravagant expense." Bancroft.
Extravagantly
Ex•trav´a•gant•ly, adv. In an extravagant manner; wildly; excessively; profusely.
Extravagate
Ex•trav´a•gate, v. i. [Pref. extra- + L. vagatus, p. p. of vagari to rove. See Extravagant.] To rove. Bp. Warburton.
Extravagation
Ex•trav•a•ga´tion, n. A wandering beyond limits; excess. [Obs.] Smollett.
Extravasate
Ex•trav´a•sate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extravasated p. pr. & vb. n. Extravasating] [Pref. extra- + L. vas vessel: cf. F. extravaser. See Vase.] To force or let out of the proper vessels or arteries, as blood.
Extravasate
Ex•trav´a•sate, v. i. [See Extravasate, v. t.] (Physiol.) To pass by infiltration or effusion from the normal channel, such as a blood vessel or a lymphatic, into the surrounding tissue; — said of blood, lymph, etc.
Extreat
Ex•treat´, n. [See Estreat, Extract.] Extraction. [Obs.] Spenser.
Extreme
Ex•treme´, a. [L. extremus, superl. of exter, extrus, on the outside, outward: cf. F. extrême. See Exterior.]
1. At the utmost point, edge, or border; outermost; utmost; farthest; most remote; at the widest limit.
2. Last; final; conclusive; — said of time; as the extreme hour of life.
3. The best of worst; most urgent; greatest; highest; immoderate; excessive; most violent; as an extreme case; extreme folly. "The extremest remedy." Dryden. "Extreme rapidity." Sir W. Scott.
"Yet extreme gusts will blow out fire." Shak.
4. Radical; ultra; as extreme opinions.
"The Puritans or extreme Protestants." Gladstone.
5. (Mus.) Extended or contracted as much as possible; — said of intervals; as an extreme sharp second; an extreme flat forth. Extreme and mean ratio (Geom.), the relation of a line and its segments when the line is so divided that the whole is to the greater segment is to the less. — Extreme distance. (Paint.) See Distance., n. , 6. — Extreme unction. See under Unction. Although this adjective, being superlative in signification, is not properly subject to comparison, the superlative form not unfrequently occurs, especially in the older writers. "Tried in his extremest state." Spenser. "Extremest hardships." Sharp. "Extremest of evils." Bacon. "Extremest verge of the swift brook." Shak. "The sea’s extremest borders." Addison.
Extricable
Ex´tri•ca•ble, a. Capable of being extricated. Sir W. Jones.
Extricate
Ex´tri•cate (eks"tri•kat), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extricated(- ka•ted); p. pr. & vb. n. Extricating(-ka•ting).] [L. extricatus, p. p. of extricare to extricate; ex out + tricae trifles, impediments, perplexities. Cf. Intricate.]
1. To free, as from difficulties or perplexities; to disentangle; to disembarrass; as to extricate a person from debt, peril, etc.
"We had now extricated ourselves from the various labyrinths and defiles." Eustace.
2. To cause to be emitted or evolved; as to extricate heat or moisture.
Syn. — To disentangle; disembarrass; disengage; relieve; evolve; set free; liberate.
Extrinsic
Ex•trin´sic, a. [L. extrinsecus; exter on the outside + secus otherwise, beside; akin to E. second: cf. F. extrinsèque. See Exterior, Second.]
1. Not contained in or belonging to a body; external; outward; unessential; — opposed to intrinsic.
"The extrinsic aids of education and of artificial culture." I. Taylor.
2. (Anat.) Attached partly to an organ or limb and partly to some other part; — said of certain groups of muscles. Opposed to intrinsic.
Extroversion
Ex•tro•ver´sion, n. [See Extrorse.] The condition of being turned wrong side out; as extroversion of the bladder. Dunglison.
Extruction
Ex•truc´tion, n. [L. exstructio.] A building up; construction. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Extrude
Ex•trude´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Extruded; p. pr. & vb. n. Extruding.] [L. extrudere, extrusum; ex out + trudere to thrust, akin to E. threat. See Threat.] To thrust out; to force, press, or push out; to expel; to drive off or away. "Parentheses thrown into notes or extruded to the margin." Coleridge.
Extrusion
Ex•tru´sion, n. The act of thrusting or pushing out; a driving out; expulsion.
Extrusive
Ex•tru´sive, a. [See Extrude.] (Geol.) Forced out at the surface; as extrusive rocks; — contrasted with intrusive.
Extuberance
Ex•tu´ber•ance, n. A swelling or rising; protuberance. [R.] Moxon.
Extuberation
Ex•tu•ber•a´tion, n. [L. extuberatio.] Protuberance. [Obs.] Farindon.
Exuberance
Ex•u´ber•ance, n. [L. exuberantia: cf. F. exuberance.] The state of being exuberant; an overflowing quantity; a copious or excessive production or supply; superabundance; richness; as an exuberance of joy, of fancy, or of foliage.
Syn. — Abundance; superabundance; excess; plenty; copiousness; profusion; richness; overflow; overgrowth; rankness; wantonness. See Abundance.
Exuberant
Ex•u´ber•ant, a. [L. exuberans, exuberantis, p. pr. of exuberare to be abundant; ex + uberare to be fruitful, fr. uber fruitful, fertile, uber udder: cf. F. exuberant. See Udder.] Characterized by abundance or superabundance; plenteous; rich; overflowing; copious or excessive in production; as exuberant goodness; an exuberant intellect; exuberant foliage. "Exuberant spring." Thomson. — Ex•u´ber•ant•ly, adv.
Exuberate
Ex•u´ber•ate, v. i. [L. exuberatus, p. p. of exuberare. See Exuberant, n. ] To abound; to be in great abundance. [Obs.] Boyle.
Exuccous
Ex•uc´cous, a. See Exsuccous. [Obs.]
Exudate
Ex•u´date, v. t. & i. [See Exude.] To exude. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Exudate
Ex•u´date, n. A product of exudation; an exuded substance.
Exude
Ex•ude´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exuded; p. pr. & vb. n. exuding.] [L. exudare, exsudare, exudatum, exsudatum, to sweat out; ex out + sudare to sweat: cf. F. exuder, exsuder. See Sweat.] To discharge through pores or incisions, as moisture or other liquid matter; to give out.
"Our forests exude turpentine in … abundance." Dr. T. Dwight.
Exude
Ex•ude´, v. i. To flow from a body through the pores, or by a natural discharge, as juice.
Exulcerate
Ex•ul´cer•ate, v. t. & i. [L. exulceratus, p. p. of exulcerare to make sore; ex out + ulcerare. See Ulcerate.]
1. To ulcerate. [Obs.] "To exulcerate the lungs." Evelyn.
2. To corrode; to fret; to chafe; to inflame. [Obs.]
"Minds exulcerated in themselves." Hooker.
Exulcerate
Ex•ul´cer•ate, a. [L. exulceratus, p. p.] Very sore; ulcerated. [Obs.] Bacon.
Exulcerative
Ex•ul´cer•a•tive, a. Tending to cause ulcers; exulceratory. Holland.
Exult
Ex•ult´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Exulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Exulting.] [L. exultare, exsultare, exultatum, exsultatum, to leap vigorously, to exult, intens. fr. exsilire to spring out or up; ex out + salire to spring, leap: cf. F. exulter. See Salient.] To be in high spirits; figuratively, to leap for joy; to rejoice in triumph or exceedingly; to triumph; as an exulting heart. "An exulting countenance." Bancroft.
"The dumb shall sing, the lame his crutch forego,
And leap exulting like the bounding roe." Pope. { Ex•ult´ance, Ex•ult´an•cy } n. [L. exsultantia.] Exultation. [Obs.] Burton. Hammond.
Exultant
Ex•ult´ant, a. [L. exsultans, exsultantis, p. pr. of exsultare. See Exult.] Inclined to exult; characterized by, or expressing, exultation; rejoicing triumphantly.
"Break away, exultant, from every defilement." I. Tay;or.
Exulting
Ex•ult´ing, a. Rejoicing triumphantly or exceedingly; exultant. — Ex•ult´ing•ly, adv.
Exundate
Ex•un´date, v. i. [L. exundatus, p. p. of exundare to overflow; ex out + undare. See Undated waved.] To overflow; to inundate. [Obs.] Bailey.
Exundation
Ex•un•da´tion, n. [L. exundatio.] An overflow, or overflowing abundance. [R.] Ray.
Exungulate
Ex•un´gu•late, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Exungulated p. pr. & vb. n. Exungulating] [L. exungulare to lose the hoof, ex out, from + ungula. See Ungula.] To pare off, as nails, the hoof, etc. [R.]
Exuperable
Ex•u´per•a•ble, a. [L. exuperabilis, exsuperabilis. See Exuperate.] Surmountable; superable. [Obs.] Johnson.
Exuperation
Ex•u•per•a´tion, n. [See Exurgent.] The act of rising or coming into view. [Obs.] Baxter.
Exuscitate
Ex•us´ci•tate, v. t. See Exsuscitate [Obs.] T. Adams.
Exutory
Ex•u´to•ry, n. [Cf. F. exutoire. See Exuve.] (Med.) An issue.
Exuviability
Ex•u•vi•a•bil´i•ty, n. Capability of shedding the skin periodically. Craig.
Exuviable
Ex•u´vi•a•ble, a. [Cf. F. exuviable.] Capable of being cast off in the form of exuviae.
Exuvial
Ex•u´vi•al, a. Of or pertaining to exuviae. "Exuvial layers." "Exuvial deposits."
Exuviate
Ex•u´vi•ate, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Exuviated, p. pr. & vb. n. Exuviating.] [From Exuviae.] (Zoöl.) To shed an old covering or condition preliminary to taking on a new one; to molt.
"There is reason to suppose that very old crayfish do not exuviate every year." Huxley.