Elaboration
E•lab•o•ra´tion, n. [L. elaboratio: cf. F. elaboration.]
1. The act or process of producing or refining with labor; improvement by successive operations; refinement.
2. (Physiol.) The natural process of formation or assimilation, performed by the living organs in animals and vegetables, by which a crude substance is changed into something of a higher order; as the elaboration of food into chyme; the elaboration of chyle, or sap, or tissues.

Elaborative
E•lab´o•ra•tive, a. Serving or tending to elaborate; constructing with labor and minute attention to details. Elaborative faculty (Metaph.), the intellectual power of discerning relations and of viewing objects by means of, or in, relations; the discursive faculty; thought.

Elaborator
E•lab´o•ra•tor, n. One who, or that which, elaborates.

Elaboratory
E•lab´o•ra•to•ry, a. Tending to elaborate.

Elaboratory
E•lab´o•ra•to•ry, n. A laboratory. [Obs.]

Elaeagnus
E•lae•ag´nus, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a Bœotian marsh plant; olive + sacred, pure.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs or small trees, having the foliage covered with small silvery scales; oleaster.

Elaeis
E•lae´is, n. [NL., fr. Gr. olive tree.] (Bot.) A genus of palms. Elaeis Guineensis, the African oil palm, is a tree twenty or thirty feet high, with immense pinnate leaves and large masses of fruit. The berries are rather larger than olives, and when boiled in water yield the orange-red palm oil.

Elaeolite
E•lae´o•lite, n. [Gr. olive oil, oil + -lite.] (Min.) A variety of hephelite, usually massive, of greasy luster, and gray to reddish color. Elaeolite syenite, a kind of syenite characterized by the presence of elaeolite.

Elaeoptene
E•lae•op´tene, n. [Gr. olive oil, oil + winged, fleeting.] (Chem.) The more liquid or volatile portion of certain oily substance, as distinguished from stearoptene, the more solid parts. [Written also elaoptene.]

Elaidate
E•la´i•date, n. (Chem.) A salt of elaidic acid.

Elaidic
E•la•id´ic, a. [Cf. F. elaïdique. See Elaine.] Relating to oleic acid, or elaine. Elaidic acid (Chem.), a fatty acid isomeric with oleic acid, and obtained from it by the action of nitrous acid.

Elaiometer
E•lai•om´e•ter, n. [Gr. olive oil, oil + -meter.] (Chem.) An apparatus for determining the amount of oil contained in any substance, or for ascertaining the degree of purity of oil.

Elamite
E´lam•ite, n. A dweller in Flam (or Susiana), an ancient kingdom of Southwestern Asia, afterwards a province of Persia.

Elamping
E•lamp´ing, a. [See Lamp.] Shining. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

Elance
E•lance´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elanced p. pr. & vb. n. Elancing ] [F. elancer, OF. eslancier; pref. es- (L. ex) + F. lancer to dart, throw, fr. lance.] To throw as a lance; to hurl; to dart. [R.]
"While thy unerring hand elanced … a dart." Prior.

Elanet
E•la´net, n. (Zoöl.) A kite of the genus Elanus.

Elaolite
E•la´o•lite, n. (Min.) See Elaeolite.

Elaphure
El´a•phure, n. (Zoöl.) A species of deer ( Elaphurus Davidianus) found in china. It is about four feet high at the shoulder and has peculiar antlers.

Elapidation
E•lap•i•da´tion, n. [L. elapidatus cleared from stones; e out + lapis stone.] A clearing away of stones. [R.]

Elapine
El´a•pine, a. [See Elaps.] (Zoöl.) Like or pertaining to the Elapidae, a family of poisonous serpents, including the cobras. See Ophidia.

Elaqueate
E•la´que•ate, v. t. [L. elaqueatus, p. p. of elaqueare to unfetter.] To disentangle. [R.]

Elasipoda
El•a•sip´o•da, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. metal beaten out, metal plate + -poda.] (Zoöl.) An order of holothurians mostly found in the deep sea. They are remarkable for their bilateral symmetry and curious forms. [Written also Elasmopoda.]

Elasmobranch
E•las´mo•branch, a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Elasmobranchii. — n. One of the Elasmobranchii.

Elasmobranchiate
E•las•mo•bran´chi•ate, a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to Elasmobranchii. — n. One of the Elasmobranchii.

Elasmobranchii
E•las•mo•bran´chi•i, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. a metal plate + L. branchia a gill.] (Zoöl.) A subclass of fishes, comprising the sharks, the rays, and the Chimaera. The skeleton is mainly cartilaginous.

Elasmosaurus
E•las•mo•sau´rus, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a metal plate + a lizard.] (Paleon.) An extinct, long-necked, marine, cretaceous reptile from Kansas allied to Plesiosaurus.

Elastic
E•las´tic, a. [Formed fr. Gr. to drive; prob. akin to L. alacer lively, brisk, and E. alacrity: cf. F. elastique.]
1. Springing back; having a power or inherent property of returning to the form from which a substance is bent, drawn, pressed, or twisted; springy; having the power of rebounding; as a bow is elastic; the air is elastic; India rubber is elastic.
"Capable of being drawn out by force like a piece of elastic gum, and by its own elasticity returning, when the force is removed, to its former position." Paley.
2. Able to return quickly to a former state or condition, after being depressed or overtaxed; having power to recover easily from shocks and trials; as elastic spirits; an elastic constitution. Elastic bitumen. (Min.) See Elaterite. — Elastic curve. (a) (Geom.) The curve made by a thin elastic rod fixed horizontally at one end and loaded at the other. (b) (Mech.) The figure assumed by the longitudinal axis of an originally straight bar under any system of bending forces. Rankine. — Elastic fluids, those which have the property of expanding in all directions on the removal of external pressure, as the air, steam, and other gases and vapors. — Elastic limit (Mech.), the limit of distortion, by bending, stretching, etc., that a body can undergo and yet return to its original form when relieved from stress; also the unit force or stress required to produce this distortion. Within the elastic limit the distortion is directly proportional to the stress producing it. — Elastic tissue (Anat.), a variety of connective tissue consisting of a network of slender and very elastic fibers which are but slightly affected by acids or alkalies. — Gum elastic, caoutchouc.

Elastic
E•las´tic, n. An elastic woven fabric, as a belt, braces or suspenders, etc., made in part of India rubber. [Colloq.]

Elastical
E•las´tic•al, a. Elastic. [R.] Bentley.

Elastically
E•las´tic•al•ly, adv. In an elastic manner; by an elastic power; with a spring.

Elasticity
E•las•tic´i•ty, n. [Cf. F. elasticite.]
1. The quality of being elastic; the inherent property in bodies by which they recover their former figure or dimensions, after the removal of external pressure or altering force; springiness; tendency to rebound; as the elasticity of caoutchouc; the elasticity of the air.
2. Power of resistance to, or recovery from, depression or overwork. Coefficient of elasticity, the quotient of a stress (of a given kind), by the strain (of a given kind) which it produces; — called also coefficient of resistance. — Surface of elasticity (Geom.), the pedal surface of an ellipsoid (see Pedal); a surface used in explaining the phenomena of double refraction and their relation to the elastic force of the luminous ether in crystalline media.

Elastin
E•las´tin, n. [ Elastic + -in.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous substance, somewhat resembling albumin, which forms the chemical basis of elastic tissue. It is very insoluble in most fluids, but is gradually dissolved when digested with either pepsin or trypsin.

Elate
E•late´, a. [L. elatus elevated, fig., elated, proud (the figure, perh., being borrowed from a prancing horse); e out + latus (used as p. p. of ferre to bear), for tlatus, and akin to E. tolerate. See Tolerate, and cf. Extol.]
1. Lifted up; raised; elevated.
"With upper lip elate." Fenton.
"And sovereign law, that State’s collected will, O’er thrones and globes, elate, Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill." Sir W. Jones.
2. Having the spirits raised by success, or by hope; flushed or exalted with confidence; elated; exultant.
"O, thoughtless mortals! ever blind to fate, Too soon dejected, and dejected, and too soon elate." Pope.
"Our nineteenth century is wonderfully set up in its own esteem, wonderfully elate at its progress." Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
Syn. — Puffed up; lofty; proud; haughty; exalted; inspirited; transported; delighted; overjoyed.

Elate
E•late´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elating.]
1. To raise; to exalt. [R.]
"By the potent sun elated high." Thomson.
2. To exalt the spirit of; to fill with confidence or exultation; to elevate or flush with success; to puff up; to make proud.
"Foolishly elated by spiritual pride." Warburton.
"You ought not be elated at the chance mishaps of your enemies." Jowett (Thucyd. ).

Elatedness
E•lat´ed•ness, n. The state of being elated.

Elater
E•lat´er, n. One who, or that which, elates.

Elater
El´a•ter, n. [NL., fr. Gr. driver, fr. to drive.]
1. (Bot.) An elastic spiral filament for dispersing the spores, as in some liverworts.
2. (Zoöl.) Any beetle of the family Elateridae, having the habit, when laid on the back, of giving a sudden upward spring, by a quick movement of the articulation between the abdomen and thorax; — called also click beetle, spring beetle, and snapping beetle.
3. (Zoöl.) The caudal spring used by Podura and related insects for leaping. See Collembola.

Elater
El´a•ter, n. (Chem.) The active principle of elaterium, being found in the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber ( Ecballium agreste, formerly Motordica Elaterium) and other related species. It is extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance, which is a violent purgative.

Elaterite
El´a•ter•ite, n. (Min.) A mineral resin, of a blackish brown color, occurring in soft, flexible masses; — called also mineral caoutchouc, and elastic bitumen.

Elaterium
El•a•te´ri•um, n. [L., fr. Gr., neut. of driving. See 2d Elater.] A cathartic substance obtained, in the form of yellowish or greenish cakes, as the dried residue of the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber ( Ecballium agreste, formerly called Momordica Elaterium).

Elatrometer
El•a•trom´e•ter, n. [Gr. a driver + -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the degree of rarefaction of air contained in the receiver of an air pump. [Spelt also elaterometer.]

Elayl
E•la´yl, n. [Gr. olive oil, oil + yl.] (Chem.) Olefiant gas or ethylene; — so called by Berzelius from its forming an oil combining with chlorine. [Written also elayle.] See Ethylene.

Elbowboard
El´bow•board, n. The base of a window casing, on which the elbows may rest.

Elbowchair
El´bow•chair, n. A chair with arms to support the elbows; an armchair. Addison.

Elbowroom
El´bow•room, n. Room to extend the elbows on each side; ample room for motion or action; free scope. "My soul hath elbowroom." Shak.
"Then came a stretch of grass and a little more elbowroom." W. G. Norris.

Elcaja
El•ca´ja, n. [Ar.] (Bot.) An Arabian tree ( Trichilia emetica). The fruit, which is emetic, is sometimes employed in the composition of an ointment for the cure of the itch.

Elcesaite
El•ce´sa•ite, n. [From Elcesai, the leader of the sect.] (Eccl.) One of a sect of Asiatic Gnostics of the time of the Emperor Trajan.

Eld, a. [AS. eald.] Old. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Eld, n. [AS. yldu, yldo, eldo, old age, fr. ald, eald, old. See Old.]
1. Age; esp., old age. [Obs. or Archaic]
"As sooth is said, eelde hath great avantage." Chaucer.
"Great Nature, ever young, yet full of eld." Spenser.
2. Old times; former days; antiquity. [Poetic]
"Astrologers and men of eld." Longfellow.

Eld, v. i. To age; to grow old. [Obs.]

Eld, v. t. To make old or ancient. [Obs.]
"Time, that eldeth all things." Rom. of R.

Elder
Eld´er, a. [AS. yldra, compar. of eald old. See Old.]
1. Older; more aged, or existing longer.
"Let the elder men among us emulate their own earlier deeds." Jowett (Thucyd. )
2. Born before another; prior in years; senior; earlier; older; as his elder brother died in infancy; — opposed to younger, and now commonly applied to a son, daughter, child, brother, etc.
"The elder shall serve the younger." Gen. xxv. 23.
"But ask of elder days, earth’s vernal hour." Keble. Elder hand (Card Playing), the hand playing, or having the right to play, first. Hoyle.

Elder
Eld´er, n. [AS. ealdor an elder, prince, fr. eald old. See Old, and cf. Elder, a. , Alderman.]
1. One who is older; a superior in age; a senior. 1 Tim. v. 1.
2. An aged person; one who lived at an earlier period; a predecessor.
"Carry your head as your elders have done." L’Estrange.
3. A person who, on account of his age, occupies the office of ruler or judge; hence, a person occupying any office appropriate to such as have the experience and dignity which age confers; as the elders of Israel; the elders of the synagogue; the elders in the apostolic church. In the modern Presbyterian churches, elders are lay officers who, with the minister, compose the church session, with authority to inspect and regulate matters of religion and discipline. In some churches, pastors or clergymen are called elders, or presbyters.
4. (M. E. Ch.) A clergyman authorized to administer all the sacraments; as a traveling elder. Presiding elder (Meth. Ch.), an elder commissioned by a bishop to have the oversight of the churches and preachers in a certain district. — Ruling elder, a lay presbyter or member of a Presbyterian church session. Schaff.

Elder
El´der, n. [OE. ellern, eller, AS. ellen, cf. LG. elloorn; perh. akin to OHG. holantar, holuntar, G. holunder; or perh. to E. alder, n. ] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs ( Sambucus) having broad umbels of white flowers, and small black or red berries. The common North American species is Sambucus Canadensis; the common European species ( S. nigra) forms a small tree. The red-berried elder is S. pubens. The berries are diaphoretic and aperient. Box elder. See under 1st Box. — Dwarf elder. See Danewort. — Elder tree. (Bot.) Same as Elder. Shak. — Marsh elder, the cranberry tree Viburnum Opulus).

Elderish
Eld´er•ish, a. Somewhat old; elderly. [R.]

Elderly
Eld´er•ly, a. Somewhat old; advanced beyond middle age; bordering on old age; as elderly people.

Eldern
El´dern, a. Made of elder. [Obs.]
"He would discharge us as boys do eldern guns." Marston.

Eldership
Eld´er•ship, n.
1. The state of being older; seniority. "Paternity an eldership." Sir W. Raleigh.
2. Office of an elder; collectively, a body of elders.

Elderwort
El´der•wort, n. (Bot.) Danewort.

Eldest
Eld´est, a. [AS. yldest, superl. of eald old. See Elder, a. ]
1. Oldest; longest in duration. Shak.
2. Born or living first, or before the others, as a son, daughter, brother, etc.; first in origin. See Elder. "My lady’s eldest son." Shak.
"Their eldest historians are of suspected credit." Bp. Stillingfleet.Eldest hand (Card Playing), the player on the dealer’s left hand. R. A. Proctor.

Eldritch
El´dritch, a. Hideous; ghastly; as an eldritch shriek or laugh. [Local, Eng.]

Eleatic
E•le•at´ic, a. [L. eleaticus, from Elea (or Velia) in Italy.] Of or pertaining to a certain school of Greek philosophers who taught that the only certain science is that which owes nothing to the senses, and all to the reason. — n. A philosopher of the Eleatic school.

Eleaticism
E•le•at´i•cism, n. The Eleatic doctrine.

Elecampane
El•e•cam•pane´, n. [F. enulecampane, NL. inula campana; L. inula elecampane + LL. campana a bell; cf. G. glockenwurz, i. e., "bellwort."]
1. (Bot.) A large, coarse herb ( Inula Helenium), with composite yellow flowers. The root, which has a pungent taste, is used as a tonic, and was formerly of much repute as a stomachic.
2. A sweetmeat made from the root of the plant.

Elect
E•lect´, a. [L. electus, p. p. of eligere to elect; e out + legere to choose. See Legend, and cf. Elite, Eclectic.]
1. Chosen; taken by preference from among two or more. "Colors quaint elect." Spenser.
2. (Theol.) Chosen as the object of mercy or divine favor; set apart to eternal life. "The elect angels." 1 Tim. v. 21.
3. Chosen to an office, but not yet actually inducted into it; as bishop elect; governor or mayor elect.

Elect
E•lect´, n.
1. One chosen or set apart.
"Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth." Is. xlii. 1.
2. pl. (Theol.) Those who are chosen for salvation.
"Shall not God avenge his won elect?" Luke xviii. 7.

Elect
E•lect´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elected; p. pr. & vb. n. Electing.]
1. To pick out; to select; to choose.
"The deputy elected by the Lord." Shak.
2. To select or take for an office; to select by vote; as to elect a representative, a president, or a governor.
3. (Theol.) To designate, choose, or select, as an object of mercy or favor.
Syn. — To choose; prefer; select. See Choose.

Electary
E•lec´ta•ry, n. (Med.) See Electuary.

Elective
E•lect´ive, a. [Cf. F. electif.]
1. Exerting the power of choice; selecting; as an elective act.
2. Pertaining to, or consisting in, choice, or right of choosing; electoral.
"The independent use of their elective franchise." Bancroft.
3. Dependent on choice; bestowed or passing by election; as an elective study; an elective office.
"Kings of Rome were at first elective; … for such are the conditions of an elective kingdom." Dryden. Elective affinity or attraction (Chem.), a tendency to unite with certain things; chemism.

Elective
E•lect´ive, n. In an American college, an optional study or course of study. [Colloq.]

Electively
E•lect´ive•ly, adv. In an elective manner; by choice.

Elector
E•lect´or, n. [L., fr. eligere: cf. F. electeur.]
1. One who elects, or has the right of choice; a person who is entitled to take part in an election, or to give his vote in favor of a candidate for office.
2. Hence, specifically, in any country, a person legally qualified to vote.
3. In the old German empire, one of the princes entitled to choose the emperor.
4. One of the persons chosen, by vote of the people in the United States, to elect the President and Vice President.

Elector
E•lect´or, a. [Cf. F. electoral.] Pertaining to an election or to electors.
"In favor of the electoral and other princes." Burke. Electoral college, the body of princes formerly entitled to elect the Emperor of Germany; also a name sometimes given, in the United States, to the body of electors chosen by the people to elect the President and Vice President.

Electorality
E•lect•or•al´i•ty, n. The territory or dignity of an elector; electorate. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.

Electorate
E•lect´or•ate, n. [Cf. F. electorat.]
1. The territory, jurisdiction, or dignity of an elector, as in the old German empire.
2. The whole body of persons in a nation or state who are entitled to vote in an election, or any distinct class or division of them.
"The middle-class electorate of Great Britain." M. Arnold.

Electoress
E•lect´or•ess, n. [Fem. of Elector.] An electress. Bp. Burnet.

Electorship
E•lect´or•ship, n. The office or status of an elector. { E•lec´tre, E•lec´ter }, n. [L. electrum: cf. F. electre mixture of gold and silver. See Electrum.]
1. Amber. See Electrum. [Obs.]
2. A metallic substance compounded of gold and silver; an alloy. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Electress
E•lect´ress (e•lek"tres), n. [Cf. F. electrice. Cf. Electoress.] The wife or widow of an elector in the old German empire. Burke. { E•lec´tric (e•lek"trik), E•lec´tric•al (-tri•k al), } a. [L. electrum amber, a mixed metal, Gr. ’h•lektron; akin to ’hle•ktwr the beaming sun, cf. Skr. arc to beam, shine: cf. F. electrique. The name came from the production of electricity by the friction of amber.]
1. Pertaining to electricity; consisting of, containing, derived from, or produced by, electricity; as electric power or virtue; an electric jar; electric effects; an electric spark.
2. Capable of occasioning the phenomena of electricity; as an electric or electrical machine or substance.
3. Electrifying; thrilling; magnetic. "Electric Pindar." Mrs. Browning.Electric atmosphere, or Electric aura. See under Aura. — Electrical battery. See Battery. — Electrical brush. See under Brush. — Electric cable. See Telegraph cable, under Telegraph. — Electric candle. See under Candle. — Electric cat (Zoöl.), one of three or more large species of African catfish of the genus Malapterurus (esp. M. electricus of the Nile). They have a large electrical organ and are able to give powerful shocks; — called also sheathfish. — Electric clock. See under Clock, and see Electro-chronograph. — Electric current, a current or stream of electricity traversing a closed circuit formed of conducting substances, or passing by means of conductors from one body to another which is in a different electrical state. — Electric, or Electrical, eel, (Zoöl.), a South American eel-like fresh-water fish of the genus Gymnotus ( G. electricus), from two to five feet in length, capable of giving a violent electric shock. See Gymnotus. — Electrical fish (Zoöl.), any fish which has an electrical organ by means of which it can give an electrical shock. The best known kinds are the torpedo, the gymnotus, or electrical eel, and the electric cat. See Torpedo, and Gymnotus. — Electric fluid, the supposed matter of electricity; lightning. — Electrical image (Elec.), a collection of electrical points regarded as forming, by an analogy with optical phenomena, an image of certain other electrical points, and used in the solution of electrical problems. Sir W. Thomson. — Electrical light, the light produced by a current of electricity which in passing through a resisting medium heats it to incandescence or burns it. See under Carbon. — Electric, or Electrical, machine, an apparatus for generating, collecting, or exciting, electricity, as by friction. — Electric motor. See Electro-motor, 2. — Electric osmose. (Physics) See under Osmose. — Electric pen, a hand pen for making perforated stencils for multiplying writings. It has a puncturing needle driven at great speed by a very small magneto-electric engine on the penhandle. — Electric railway, a railway in which the machinery for moving the cars is driven by an electric current. — Electric ray (Zoöl.), the torpedo. — Electric telegraph. See Telegraph.

Electrically
E•lec´tric•al•ly, adv. In the manner of electricity, or by means of it; thrillingly.

Electricalness
E•lec´tric•al•ness, a. The state or quality of being electrical.

Electrician
E•lec•tri´cian (e•lek•trish"an), n. An investigator of electricity; one versed in the science of electricity.

Electricity
E•lec•tric´i•ty (-tris"i•ty), n. ; pl. Electricities (- tiz). [Cf. F. electricite. See Electric.]
1. A power in nature, a manifestation of energy, exhibiting itself when in disturbed equilibrium or in activity by a circuit movement, the fact of direction in which involves polarity, or opposition of properties in opposite directions; also by attraction for many substances, by a law involving attraction between surfaces of unlike polarity, and repulsion between those of like; by exhibiting accumulated polar tension when the circuit is broken; and by producing heat, light, concussion, and often chemical changes when the circuit passes between the poles or through any imperfectly conducting substance or space. It is generally brought into action by any disturbance of molecular equilibrium, whether from a chemical, physical, or mechanical, cause. [1913 Webster] Electricity is manifested under following different forms: ( a) Statical electricity, called also Frictional or Common, electricity, electricity in the condition of a stationary charge, which may be produced by friction, as of glass, amber, etc., or by induction. ( b) Dynamical electricity, called also Voltaic electricity, electricity in motion, or as a current produced by chemical decomposition, as by means of a voltaic battery, or by mechanical action, as by dynamo-electric machines. ( c) Thermoelectricity, in which the disturbing cause is heat (attended possibly with some chemical action). It is developed by uniting two pieces of unlike metals in a bar, and then heating the bar unequally. ( d) Atmospheric electricity, any condition of electrical disturbance in the atmosphere or clouds, due to some or all of the above mentioned causes. ( e) Magnetic electricity, electricity developed by the action of magnets. ( f) Positive electricity, the electricity that appears at the positive pole or anode of a battery, or that is produced by friction of glass; — called also vitreous electricity. ( g) Negative electricity, the electricity that appears at the negative pole or cathode, or is produced by the friction of resinous substance; — called also resinous electricity. ( h) Organic electricity, that which is developed in organic structures, either animal or vegetable, the phrase animal electricity being much more common.
2. The science which unfolds the phenomena and laws of electricity; electrical science.
3. Fig.: Electrifying energy or characteristic. [1913 Webster]

Electrification
E•lec•tri•fi•ca´tion, n. (Physics) The act of electrifying, or the state of being charged with electricity.

Electrify
E•lec´tri•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Electrified p. pr. & vb. n. Electrifying.] [ Electric + -fy.]
1. To communicate electricity to; to charge with electricity; as to electrify a jar.
2. To cause electricity to pass through; to affect by electricity; to give an electric shock to; as to electrify a limb, or the body.
3. To excite suddenly and violently, esp. by something highly delightful or inspiriting; to thrill; as this patriotic sentiment electrified the audience.
"If the sovereign were now to immure a subject in defiance of the writ of habeas corpus … the whole nation would be instantly electrified by the news." Macaulay.
"Try whether she could electrify Mr. Grandcourt by mentioning it to him at table." G. Eliot.

Electrify
E•lec´tri•fy, v. i. To become electric.

Electrify
E•lec´tri•fy, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Electrified p. pr. & vb. n. Electrifying ] [ Electric + -fy.] To equip for employment of electric power; as to electrify a railroad.

Electrization
E•lec•tri•za´tion, n. [Cf. F. electrisation.] The act of electrizing; electrification.

Electrize
E•lec´trize, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Electrized p. pr. & vb. n. Electrizing ] [Cf. F. electriser.] To electricity. Eng. Cyc.

Electro
E•lec´tro, n. An electrotype.

Electro-
E•lec´tro- [L. electrum amber. See Electric.] A prefix or combining form signifying pertaining to electricity, produced by electricity, producing or employing electricity, etc.; as electro-negative; electro-dynamic; electro- magnet.

Electro-ballistics
E•lec•tro-bal•lis´tics, n. The art or science of measuring the force or velocity of projectiles by means of electricity.

Electro-biologist
E•lec•tro-bi•ol´o•gist, n. (Biol.) One versed in electro-biology.

Electro-biology
E•lec•tro-bi•ol´o•gy, n. (Biol.)
1. That branch of biology which treats of the electrical phenomena of living organisms.
2. That phase of mesmerism or animal magnetism, the phenomena of which are supposed to be produced by a form of electricity.

Electro-bioscopy
E•lec•tro-bi•os´co•py, n. [ Electro- + Gr. life + -scopy.] (Biol.) A method of determining the presence or absence of life in an animal organism with a current of electricity, by noting the presence or absence of muscular contraction.

Electro-capillarity
E•lec•tro-cap•il•lar´i•ty, n. (Physics) The occurrence or production of certain capillary effects by the action of an electrical current or charge.

Electro-capillary
E•lec•tro-cap´il•la•ry, a. (Physics) Pert. to, or caused by, electro- capillarity.

Electro-chemical
E•lec•tro-chem´ic•al, a. Of or pertaining to electro-chemistry. Ure.

Electro-chemistry
E•lec•tro-chem´is•try, n. That branch of science which treats of the relation of electricity to chemical changes.

Electro-chronograph
E•lec•tro-chron´o•graph, n. (Astron. Physics) An instrument for obtaining an accurate record of the time at which any observed phenomenon occurs, or of its duration. It has an electro-magnetic register connected with a clock. See Chronograph.

Electrocute
E•lec´tro•cute, v. t. [ Electro- + cute in execute.] To execute or put to death by electricity. — E•lec•tro•cu´tion, n. [ Recent; Newspaper words]

Electrode
E•lec´trode (e•lek"trod), n. [ Electro- + Gr. "odo•s way, path: cf. F. electrode.] (Elec.) The path by which electricity is conveyed into or from a solution or other conducting medium; esp., the ends of the wires or conductors, leading from source of electricity, and terminating in the medium traversed by the current. { E•lec•tro-dy•nam´ic, E•lec•tro- dy•nam"ic•al } a. (Physics) Pertaining to the movements or force of electric or galvanic currents; dependent on electric force.

Electro-dynamics
E•lec•tro-dy•nam´ics, n.
1. The phenomena of electricity in motion.
2. The branch of science which treats of the properties of electric currents; dynamical electricity.

Electro-dynamometer
E•lec•tro-dy•na•mom´e•ter, n. An instrument for measuring the strength of electro-dynamic currents.

Electro-engraving
E•lec•tro-en•grav´ing, n. The art or process of engraving by means of electricity.

Electro-etching
E•lec•tro-etch´ing, n. A mode of etching upon metals by electrolytic action.

Electrogenesis
E•lec•tro•gen´e•sis, n. [ Electro- + genesis.] (Physiol.) Same as Electrogeny.

Electrogeny
E•lec•trog´e•ny, n. [ Electro- + Gr. to produce.] (Physiol.) A term sometimes applied to the effects (tetanus) produced in the muscles of the limbs, when a current of electricity is passed along the spinal cord or nerves.

Electro-gilding
E•lec•tro-gild´ing, n. The art or process of gilding copper, iron, etc., by means of voltaic electricity.

Electro-gilt
E•lec´tro-gilt, a. Gilded by means of voltaic electricity.

Electrograph
E•lec´tro•graph, n. [ Electro- + -graph.] A mark, record, or tracing, made by the action of electricity.

Electrograph
E•lec´tro•graph, n. [Pref. electro + -graph.]
1. An apparatus, controlled by electric devices, used to trace designs for etching.
2. An instrument for the reproduction at a distance of pictures, maps, etc., by means of electricity.
3. An image made by the Röntgen rays; a sciagraph.
4. A cinematograph using the arc light.

Electrographic
E•lec•tro•graph´ic, a. Of or pertaining to an electrograph or electrography.

Electrography
E•lec•trog´ra•phy, n.
1. The art or process of making electrographs or using an electrograph.
2. = Galvanography.

Electro-kinetics
E•lec•tro-ki•net´ics, n. That branch of electrical science which treats of electricity in motion.

Electrolier
E•lec•tro•lier´, n. [Formed from electric in imitation of chandelier.] A branching frame, often of ornamental design, to support electric illuminating lamps.

Electrology
E•lec•trol´o•gy, n. [ Electro- + -logy.] That branch of physical science which treats of the phenomena of electricity and its properties.

Electrolysis
E•lec•trol´y•sis, n. [ Electro- + Gr. a loosing, dissolving, fr. to loose, dissolve.] (Physics & Chem.) The act or process of chemical decomposition, by the action of electricity; as the electrolysis of silver or nickel for plating; the electrolysis of water.

Electrolyte
E•lec´tro•lyte, n. [ Electro- + Gr. a dissoluble: cf. F. electrolyte.] (Physics & Chem.) A compound decomposable, or subjected to decomposition, by an electric current. { E•lec•tro•lyt´ic, E•lec•tro•lyt´ic•al, } a. [Cf. F. electrolytique.] Pertaining to electrolysis; as electrolytic action. — E•lec•tro•lyt´ic•al•ly, adv.

Electrolyzable
E•lec´tro•ly•za•ble, a. Capable of being electrolyzed, or decomposed by electricity.

Electrolyzation
E•lec•tro•ly•za´tion, n. The act or the process of electrolyzing.

Electrolyze
E•lec´tro•lyze, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Electrolyzed p. pr. & vb. n. Electrolyzing ] [Cf. F. electrolyser. See Electrolysis.] To decompose by the direct action of electricity. Faraday.

Electrolyze
E•lec´tro•lyze, v. t. [See Electrolysis.] To subject to electrolysis. — E•lec•tro•ly•za´tion (#), n.

Electro-magnetic
E•lec•tro-mag•net´ic, a. Of, Pertaining to, or produced by, magnetism which is developed by the passage of an electric current. Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive force is electro-magnetism. — Electro- magnetic theory of light (Physics), a theory of light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of transient electric currents moving transversely to the direction of the ray.

Electro-magnetism
E•lec•tro-mag´net•ism, n. The magnetism developed by a current of electricity; the science which treats of the development of magnetism by means of voltaic electricity, and of the properties or actions of the currents evolved.

Electro-metallurgy
E•lec•tro-met´al•lur•gy, n. The act or art precipitating a metal electro-chemical action, by which a coating is deposited, on a prepared surface, as in electroplating and electrotyping; galvanoplasty.

Electrometer
E•lec•trom´e•ter, n. [ Electro- + -meter: cf. F. electromètre.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the quantity or intensity of electricity; also sometimes, and less properly, applied to an instrument which indicates the presence of electricity (usually called an electroscope). Balance electrometer. See under Balance. { E•lec•tro-met´ric, E•lec•tro-met´ric•al } a. [Cf. F. electrometrique.] Pertaining to electrometry; made by means of an electrometer; as an electrometrical experiment.

Electro-motion
E•lec•tro-mo´tion, n. The motion of electricity or its passage from one metal to another in a voltaic circuit; mechanical action produced by means of electricity.

Electro-motive
E•lec•tro-mo´tive, a. Producing electro-motion; producing, or tending to produce, electricity or an electric current; causing electrical action or effects. Electro-motive force (Physics), the force which produces, or tends to produce, electricity, or an electric current; sometimes used to express the degree of electrification as equivalent to potential, or more properly difference of potential.

Electromotor
E•lec•tro•mo´tor, n. [Cf. F. electromoteur.]
1. (Physics) A mover or exciter of electricity; as apparatus for generating a current of electricity.
2. (Mech.) An apparatus or machine for producing motion and mechanical effects by the action of electricity; an electro-magnetic engine.

Electro-muscular
E•lec•tro-mus´cu•lar, a. (Physiol.) Pertaining the reaction (contraction) of the muscles under electricity, or their sensibility to it.

Electron
E•lec´tron, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ’h•lektron. See Electric.] Amber; also the alloy of gold and silver, called electrum.

Electron
E•lec´tron, [NL., fr. Gr. . See Electric.] (Physics & Chem.) One of those particles, having about one thousandth the mass of a hydrogen atom, which are projected from the cathode of a vacuum tube as the cathode rays and from radioactive substances as the beta rays; — called also corpuscle. The electron carries (or is) a natural unit of negative electricity, equal to 3.4 x 10^-10 electrostatic units. It has been detected only when in rapid motion; its mass, which is electromagnetic, is practically constant at the lesser speeds, but increases as the velocity approaches that of light. Electrons are all of one kind, so far as known, and probably are the ultimate constituents of all atoms. An atom from which an electron has been detached has a positive charge and is called a coelectron.

Electronic
E•lec•tron´ic, a. (Physics & Chem.) Of or pertaining to an electron or electrons.

Electropathy
E•lec•trop´a•thy, n. [ Electro- + Gr. pa•qos suffering.] (Med.) The treatment of disease by electricity.

Electrophone
E•lec´tro•phone, n. [ Electro- + Gr. fwnh• sound.] (Physics) An instrument for producing sound by means of electric currents.

Electrophorus
E•lec•troph´o•rus, n. ; pl. Electrophori (#). [NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr. fe•rein to bear.] (Physics) An instrument for exciting electricity, and repeating the charge indefinitely by induction, consisting of a flat cake of resin, shellac, or ebonite, upon which is placed a plate of metal.

Electro-physiological
E•lec•tro-phys•i•o•log´ic•al, a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to electrical results produced through physiological agencies, or by change of action in a living organism.

Electro-physiology
E•lec•tro-phys•i•ol´o•gy, n. (Physiol.) That branch of physiology which treats of electric phenomena produced through physiological agencies.

Electroplate
E•lec´tro•plate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Electroplating.] (Mech.) To plate or cover with a coating of metal, usually silver, nickel, or gold, by means of electrolysis.

Electroplating
E•lec´tro•pla•ting, n. The art or process of depositing a coating (commonly) of silver, gold, or nickel on an inferior metal, by means of electricity.

Electropoion
E•lec•tro•poi´on, n. , orElectropoion fluid. [NL.; electro- + Gr. poiw^n, p. pr. of poiei^n to make.] (Elec.) An exciting and depolarizing acid solution used in certain cells or batteries, as the Grenet battery. Electropoion is best prepared by mixing one gallon of concentrated sulphuric acid diluted with three gallons of water, with a solution of six pounds of potassium bichromate in two gallons of boiling water. It should be used cold. { El´e•me, or El"e•mi, figs• } (el"e•mi). [Turk. eleme anything which has been sifted and freed from dust or broken parts.] A kind of figs of superior quality.

Electro-polar
E•lec•tro-po´lar, a. (Physics) Possessing electrical polarity; positively electrified at one end, or on one surface, and negatively at the other; — said of a conductor.

Electro-positive
E•lec•tro-pos´i•tive, a.
1. (Physics) Of such a nature relatively to some other associated body or bodies, as to tend to the negative pole of a voltaic battery, in electrolysis, while the associated body tends to the positive pole; — the converse or correlative of electro-negative. An element that is electro-positive in one compound may be electro-negative in another, and vice versa.
2. (Chem.) Hence: Positive; metallic; basic; — distinguished from negative, nonmetallic, or acid.

Electro-positive
E•lec•tro-pos´i•tive, n. (Chem. & Physics) A body which passes to the negative pole in electrolysis. { E•lec•tro-punc•tu•ra´tion, E•lec•tro- punc•tur•ing ( 135) }, n. (Med.) See Electropuncture.

Electroscope
E•lec´tro•scope, n. [ Electro- + -scope: cf. F. electroscope.] (Physics) An instrument for detecting the presence of electricity, or changes in the electric state of bodies, or the species of electricity present, as by means of pith balls, and the like. Condensing electroscope (Physics), a form of electroscope in which an increase of sensibility is obtained by the use of a condenser.

Electroscopic
E•lec•tro•scop´ic, a. Relating to, or made by means of, the electroscope.

Electrostatic
E•lec•tro•stat´ic, a. Pertaining to electrostatics.

Electrostatics
E•lec•tro•stat´ics, n. (Physics) That branch of science which treats of statical electricity or electric force in a state of rest.

Electro-stereotype
E•lec•tro-ste´re•o•type, n. Same as Electrotype.

Electro-telegraphy
E•lec•tro-te•leg´ra•phy, n. The art or science of constructing or using the electric telegraph; the transmission of messages by means of the electric telegraph.

Electro-therapeutics
E•lec•tro-ther•a•peu´tics, n. (Med.) The branch of medical science which treats of the applications agent.

Electro-thermancy
E•lec•tro-ther´man•cy, n. That branch of electrical science which treats of the effect of an electric current upon the temperature of a conductor, or a part of a circuit composed of two different metals.

Electro-tint
E•lec´tro-tint, n. (Fine Arts) A style of engraving in relief by means of voltaic electricity. A picture is drawn on a metallic plate with some material which resists the fluids of a battery; so that, in electro- typing, the parts not covered by the varnish, etc., receive a deposition of metal, and produce the required copy in intaglio. A cast of this is then the plate for printing.

Electrotonic
E•lec•tro•ton´ic, a.
1. (Physics) Of or pertaining to electrical tension; — said of a supposed peculiar condition of a conducting circuit during its exposure to the action of another conducting circuit traversed by a uniform electric current when both circuits remain stationary. Faraday.
2. (Physiol.) Relating to electrotonus; as the electrotonic condition of a nerve.

Electrotonize
E•lec•trot´o•nize, v. t. (Physiol.) To cause or produce electrotonus.

Electrotonous
E•lec•trot´o•nous, a. Electrotonic.

Electrotonus
E•lec•trot´o•nus, n. [NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr. tension.] (Physiol.) The modified condition of a nerve, when a constant current of electricity passes through any part of it. See Anelectrotonus, and Catelectrotonus.

Electrotypic
E•lec•tro•typ´ic, a. Pertaining to, or effected by means of, electrotypy.

Electrotyping
E•lec´tro•ty•ping, n. The act or the process of making electrotypes.

Electrotypy
E•lec´tro•ty•py, n. The process of producing electrotype plates. See Note under Electrotype, n.

Electro-vitalism
E•lec•tro-vi´tal•ism, n. (Physiol.) The theory that the functions of living organisms are dependent upon electricity or a kindred force.

Electrum
E•lec´trum, n. [L., fr. Gr. . See Electric, and cf. Electre, Electron.]
1. Amber.
2. An alloy of gold and silver, of an amber color, used by the ancients.
3. German-silver plate. See German silver, under German.

Eleemosynary
El•ee•mos´y•na•ry ( 277), a. [LL. eleemosynarius, fr. eleemosyna alms, Gr. alms. See Alms.]
1. Relating to charity, alms, or almsgiving; intended for the distribution of charity; as an eleemosynary corporation.
2. Given in charity or alms; having the nature of alms; as eleemosynary assistance. "Eleemosynary cures." Boyle.
3. Supported by charity; as eleemosynary poor.

Eleemosynary
El•ee•mos´y•na•ry, n. ; pl. Eleemosynaries . One who subsists on charity; a dependent. South. { El´e•gance, El´e•gan•cy } n. [L. elegantia, fr. elegans, - antis, elegant: cf. F. elegance.]
1. The state or quality of being elegant; beauty as resulting from choice qualities and the complete absence of what deforms or impresses unpleasantly; grace given by art or practice; fine polish; refinement; — said of manners, language, style, form, architecture, etc.
"That grace that elegance affords." Drayton.
"The endearing elegance of female friendship." Johnson.
"A trait of native elegance, seldom seen in the masculine character after childhood or early youth, was shown in the General’s fondness for the sight and fragrance of flowers." Hawthorne.
2. That which is elegant; that which is tasteful and highly attractive.
"The beautiful wildness of nature, without the nicer elegancies of art." Spectator.
Syn. — Elegance, Grace. Elegance implies something of a select style of beauty, which is usually produced by art, skill, or training; as elegance of manners, composition, handwriting, etc.; elegant furniture; an elegant house, etc. Grace, as the word is here used, refers to bodily movements, and is a lower order of beauty. It may be a natural gift; thus, the manners of a peasant girl may be graceful, but can hardly be called elegant.

Elegiac
E•le´gi•ac ( 277), a. [L. elegiacus, Gr. : cf. F. elegiaque. See Elegy.]
1. Belonging to elegy, or written in elegiacs; plaintive; expressing sorrow or lamentation; as an elegiac lay; elegiac strains.
"Elegiac griefs, and songs of love." Mrs. Browning.
2. Used in elegies; as elegiac verse; the elegiac distich or couplet, consisting of a dactylic hexameter and pentameter.

Elegiac
E•le´gi•ac, n. Elegiac verse.

Elegiacal
El•e•gi´a•cal, a. Elegiac.

Elegiast
E•le´gi•ast, n. One who composes elegies. Goldsmith.

Elegiographer
El•e•gi•og´ra•pher, n. [Gr. an elegy + -graph + -er.] An elegist. [Obs.]

Elegist
El´e•gist, n. A write of elegies. T. Warton.

Elegit
E•le´git, n. [L., he has chosen, fr. eligere to choose. See Elect.] (Law) A judicial writ of execution, by which a defendant’s goods are appraised and delivered to the plaintiff, and, if not sufficient to satisfy the debt, all of his lands are delivered, to be held till the debt is paid by the rents and profits, or until the defendant’s interest has expired.

Elegy
El´e•gy, n. ; pl. Elegies (#). [L. elegia, Gr., fem. sing. (cf., prop., neut. pl. of a distich in elegiac verse), fr. elegiac, fr. a song of mourning.] A mournful or plaintive poem; a funereal song; a poem of lamentation. Shak.

Eleidin
E•le´i•din, n. (Biol.) Lifeless matter deposited in the form of minute granules within the protoplasm of living cells.

Element
El´e•ment, n. [F. element, L. elementum.]
1. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.
2. One of the ultimate, undecomposable constituents of any kind of matter. Specifically: (Chem.) A substance which cannot be decomposed into different kinds of matter by any means at present employed; as the elements of water are oxygen and hydrogen. The elements are naturally classified in several families or groups, as the group of the alkaline elements, the halogen group, and the like. They are roughly divided into two great classes, the metals, as sodium, calcium, etc., which form basic compounds, and the nonmetals or metalloids, as oxygen, sulphur, chlorine, which form acid compounds; but the distinction is only relative, and some, as arsenic, tin, aluminium, etc., form both acid and basic compounds. The essential fact regarding every element is its relative atomic weight or equivalent. When the elements are tabulated in the order of their ascending atomic weights, the arrangement constitutes the series of the Periodic law of Mendelejeff. See Periodic law, under Periodic. This Periodic law enables us to predict the qualities of unknown elements. The number of elements known is about seventy-five, but the gaps in the Periodic law indicate the possibility of many more. Many of the elements with which we are familiar, as hydrogen, carbon, iron, gold, etc., have been recognized, by means of spectrum analysis, in the sun and the fixed stars. From certain evidence (as that afforded by the Periodic law, spectrum analysis, etc.) it appears that the chemical elements probably may not be simple bodies, but only very stable compounds of some simpler body or bodies. In formulas the elements are designated by abbreviations of their names in Latin or New Latin. The Elements —————————————————————————————— Name |Sym-|Atomic Weight| |bol | O=16 | H=1 | —————————————————————————————— Aluminum | Al | 27.1 | 26.9| Antimony(Stibium) Argon Arsenic Barium Beryllium (see Glucinum) Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Caesium Calcium Carbon Cerium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Columbium Copper ( Cuprum) Erbium Fluorine Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Glucinum Gold Helium Hydrogen Indium Iodine Iridium Iron ( Ferrum) Krypton Lanthanum Lead ( Plumbum) Lithium Magnesium Manganese Mercury ( Hydrargyrum) Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Nickel Niobium (see Columbium) Nirogen Osmium Oxygen Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Potassium ( Kalium) Praseodymium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium —————————————————————————————- The Elements — continued —————————————————————————————— Name Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver ( Argentum) Sodium ( Natrium) Strontium Sulphur Tantalum Tellurium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin ( Stannum) Titanium Tungsten ( Wolframium) Uranium Vanadium Wolfranium (see Tungsten) Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium —————————————————————————————— Several other elements have been announced, as holmium, vesbium, austrium, etc., but their properties, and in some cases their existence, have not yet been definitely established.
3. One of the ultimate parts which are variously combined in anything; as letters are the elements of written language; hence, also a simple portion of that which is complex, as a shaft, lever, wheel, or any simple part in a machine; one of the essential ingredients of any mixture; a constituent part; as quartz, feldspar, and mica are the elements of granite.
"The simplicity which is so large an element in a noble nature was laughed to scorn." Jowett (Thucyd.).
4. (a) One out of several parts combined in a system of aggregation, when each is of the nature of the whole; as a single cell is an element of the honeycomb. (b) (Anat.) One of the smallest natural divisions of the organism, as a blood corpuscle, a muscular fiber.
5. (Biol.) One of the simplest essential parts, more commonly called cells, of which animal and vegetable organisms, or their tissues and organs, are composed.
6. (Math.) (a) An infinitesimal part of anything of the same nature as the entire magnitude considered; as in a solid an element may be the infinitesimal portion between any two planes that are separated an indefinitely small distance. In the calculus, element is sometimes used as synonymous with differential. (b) Sometimes a curve, or surface, or volume is considered as described by a moving point, or curve, or surface, the latter being at any instant called an element of the former. (c) One of the terms in an algebraic expression.
7. One of the necessary data or values upon which a system of calculations depends, or general conclusions are based; as the elements of a planet’s orbit.
8. pl. The simplest or fundamental principles of any system in philosophy, science, or art; rudiments; as the elements of geometry, or of music.
9. pl. Any outline or sketch, regarded as containing the fundamental ideas or features of the thing in question; as the elements of a plan.
10. One of the simple substances, as supposed by the ancient philosophers; one of the imaginary principles of matter. (a) The four elements were, air, earth, water, and fire; whence it is said, water is the proper element of fishes; air is the element of birds. Hence, the state or sphere natural to anything or suited for its existence.
"Of elements The grosser feeds the purer: Earth the Sea; Earth and the Sea feed Air; the Air those Fires Ethereal." Milton.
"Does not our life consist of the four elements?" Shak.
"And the complexion of the element [ i. e.,the sky or air] In favor’s like the work we have in hand, Most bloody, fiery, and most terrible." Shak.
"About twelve ounces [of food], with mere element for drink." Cheyne.
"They show that they are out of their element." T. Baker. Esp., the conditions and movements of the air. "The elements be kind to thee." (b) The elements of the alchemists were salt, sulphur, and mercury. Brande & C.
11. pl. The whole material composing the world.
"The elements shall melt with fervent heat." 2 Peter iii. 10.
12. pl. (Eccl.) The bread and wine used in the eucharist or Lord’s supper. Magnetic element, one of the hypothetical elementary portions of which a magnet is regarded as made up.

Element
El´e•ment (el"e•ment), v. t.
1. To compound of elements or first principles. [Obs.] "[Love] being elemented too." Donne.
2. To constitute; to make up with elements.
"His very soul was elemented of nothing but sadness." Walton.

Elemental
El•e•men´tal (el•e•men"t al), a.
1. Pertaining to the elements, first principles, and primary ingredients, or to the four supposed elements of the material world; as elemental air. "Elemental strife." Pope.
2. Pertaining to rudiments or first principles; rudimentary; elementary. "The elemental rules of erudition." Cawthorn.

Elementalism
El•e•men´tal•ism (-iz’m), a. The theory that the heathen divinities originated in the personification of elemental powers.

Elementality
E•le•men•tal´i•ty (- men•tal"i•ty), n. The condition of being composed of elements, or a thing so composed.

Elementally
El•e•men´tal•ly, adv. According to elements; literally; as the words, "Take, eat; this is my body," elementally understood.

Elementar
El•e•men´tar, a. Elementary. [Obs.] Skelton.

Elementariness
El•e•men´ta•ri•ness, n. The state of being elementary; original simplicity; uncompounded state.

Elementarity
El•e•men•tar´i•ty, n. Elementariness. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Elementary
El•e•men´ta•ry, a. [L. elementarius: cf. F. elementaire.]
1. Having only one principle or constituent part; consisting of a single element; simple; uncompounded; as an elementary substance.
2. Pertaining to, or treating of, the elements, rudiments, or first principles of anything; initial; rudimental; introductory; as an elementary treatise.
3. Pertaining to one of the four elements, air, water, earth, fire. "Some luminous and fiery impressions in the elementary region." J. Spencer.

Elementation
El•e•men•ta´tion, n. Instruction in the elements or first principles. [R.]

Elementoid
El´e•men•toid, a. [ Element + -oid.] Resembling an element.

Elemi
El´e•mi, n. [Cf. F. elemi, It. elemi, Sp. elemi; of American or Oriental. origin.] A fragrant gum resin obtained chiefly from tropical trees of the genera Amyris and Canarium. A. elemifera yields Mexican elemi; C. commune, the Manila elemi. It is used in the manufacture of varnishes, also in ointments and plasters.

Elemin
El´e•min, n. (Chem.) A transparent, colorless oil obtained from elemi resin by distillation with water; also a crystallizable extract from the resin.

Elench
E•lench´ (e•lenk"), n. ; pl. Elenchs (#). [L. elenchus, Gr., fr. to convict, confute, prove: cf. OF. elenche.] (Logic) (a) That part of an argument on which its conclusiveness depends; that which convinces of refutes an antagonist; a refutation. (b) A specious but fallacious argument; a sophism.

Elenchical
E•len´chic•al, a. Pertaining to an elench.

Elenchically
E•len´chic•al•ly, adv. By means of an elench.

Elenchize
E•len´chize, v. i. To dispute. [R.] B. Jonson. { E•lench´tic, E•lench´tic•al }, a. Same as Elenctic.

Elengeness
El´enge•ness, n. Loneliness; misery. [Obs.]

Elephansy
El´e•phan•sy, n. [L. elephantia.] Elephantiasis. [Obs.] Holland.

Elephant
El´e•phant (el"e•f ant), n. [OE. elefaunt, olifant, OF. olifant, F. elephant, L. elephantus, elephas, -antis, fr. Gr. ’ele•fas, -fantos; of unknown origin; perh. fr. Skr. ibha, with the Semitic article a. , el, prefixed, or fr. Semitic Aleph hindi Indian bull; or cf. Goth. ulbandus camel, AS. olfend.]
1. (Zoöl.) A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which two living species, Elephas Indicus and E. Africanus, and several fossil species, are known. They have a proboscis or trunk, and two large ivory tusks proceeding from the extremity of the upper jaw, and curving upwards. The molar teeth are large and have transverse folds. Elephants are the largest land animals now existing.
2. Ivory; the tusk of the elephant. [Obs.] Dryden. Elephant apple (Bot.), an East Indian fruit with a rough, hard rind, and edible pulp, borne by Feronia elephantum, a large tree related to the orange. — Elephant bed (Geol.), at Brighton, England, abounding in fossil remains of elephants. Mantell. — Elephant beetle (Zoöl.), any very large beetle of the genus Goliathus (esp. G. giganteus), of the family Scarabaeidae. They inhabit West Africa. — Elephant fish (Zoöl.), a chimaeroid fish ( Callorhynchus antarcticus), with a proboscis-like projection of the snout. — Elephant paper, paper of large size, 23 × 28 inches. — Double elephant paper, paper measuring 26¾ × 40 inches. See Note under Paper. — Elephant seal (Zoöl.), an African jumping shrew ( Macroscelides typicus), having a long nose like a proboscis. — Elephant’s ear (Bot.), a name given to certain species of the genus Begonia, which have immense one-sided leaves. — Elephant’s foot (Bot.) (a) A South African plant ( Testudinaria Elephantipes), which has a massive rootstock covered with a kind of bark cracked with deep fissures; — called also tortoise plant. The interior part is barely edible, whence the plant is also called Hottentot’s bread. (b) A genus ( Elephantopus) of coarse, composite weeds. — Elephant’s tusk (Zoöl.), the tooth shell. See Dentalium.

Elephantiasis
El•e•phan•ti´a•sis, n. [L., fr. Gr., from ’ele•fas, -fantos, an elephant.] (Med.) A disease of the skin, in which it become enormously thickened, and is rough, hard, and fissured, like an elephant’s hide.

Elephantine
El•e•phan´tine, a. [L. elephantinus of ivory, Gr. : cf. F. elephantin.] Pertaining to the elephant, or resembling an elephant (commonly, in size); hence, huge; immense; heavy; as of elephantine proportions; an elephantine step or tread. Elephantine epoch (Geol.), the epoch distinguished by the existence of large pachyderms. Mantell. — Elephantine tortoise (Zoöl.), a huge land tortoise; esp., Testudo elephantina, from islands in the Indian Ocean; and T. elephantopus, from the Galapagos Islands. { El´e•phan•toid• ( 277), El•e•phan•toid´al } a. [ Elephant + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Resembling an elephant in form or appearance.

Eleusinian
El•eu•sin´i•an, a. [L. Eleusinius, Gr. .] Pertaining to Eleusis, in Greece, or to secret rites in honor of Ceres, there celebrated; as Eleusinian mysteries or festivals.

Eleutheromania
E•leu•ther•o•ma´ni•a, n. [Gr. ’eleu•qeros free + E. mania.] A mania or frantic zeal for freedom. [R.] Carlyle.

Eleutheromaniac
E•leu•ther•o•ma´ni•ac, a. Mad for freedom. [R.]

Eleuthero-petalous
E•leu•ther•o-pet´al•ous, a. [Gr. ’eleu•qeros free + E. petal.] (Bot.) Having the petals free, that is, entirely separate from each other; — said of both plant and flower.

Elevate
El´e•vate, a. [L. elevatus, p. p.] Elevated; raised aloft. [Poetic] Milton.

Elevate
El´e•vate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elevated p. pr. & vb. n. Elevating ] [L. elevatus, p. p. of elevare; e + levare to lift up, raise, akin to levis light in weight. See Levity.]
1. To bring from a lower place to a higher; to lift up; to raise; as to elevate a weight, a flagstaff, etc.
2. To raise to a higher station; to promote; as to elevate to an office, or to a high social position.
3. To raise from a depressed state; to animate; to cheer; as to elevate the spirits.
4. To exalt; to ennoble; to dignify; as to elevate the mind or character.
5. To raise to a higher pitch, or to a greater degree of loudness; — said of sounds; as to elevate the voice.
6. To intoxicate in a slight degree; to render tipsy. [Colloq. & Sportive] "The elevated cavaliers sent for two tubs of merry stingo." Sir W. Scott.
7. To lessen; to detract from; to disparage. [A Latin meaning] [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.To elevate a piece (Gun.), to raise the muzzle; to lower the breech.
Syn. — To exalt; dignify; ennoble; erect; raise; hoist; heighten; elate; cheer; flush; excite; animate.

Elevatedness
El´e•va•ted•ness, n. The quality of being elevated.

Elevation
El•e•va´tion, n. [L. elevatio: cf. F. elevation.]
1. The act of raising from a lower place, condition, or quality to a higher; — said of material things, persons, the mind, the voice, etc.; as the elevation of grain; elevation to a throne; elevation of mind, thoughts, or character.
2. Condition of being elevated; height; exaltation. "Degrees of elevation above us." Locke.
"His style … wanted a little elevation." Sir H. Wotton.
3. That which is raised up or elevated; an elevated place or station; as an elevation of the ground; a hill.
4. (Astron.) The distance of a celestial object above the horizon, or the arc of a vertical circle intercepted between it and the horizon; altitude; as the elevation of the pole, or of a star.
5. (Dialing) The angle which the style makes with the substylar line.
6. (Gunnery) The movement of the axis of a piece in a vertical plane; also the angle of elevation, that is, the angle between the axis of the piece and the line o sight; — distinguished from direction.
7. (Drawing) A geometrical projection of a building, or other object, on a plane perpendicular to the horizon; orthographic projection on a vertical plane; — called by the ancients the orthography. Angle of elevation (Geodesy), the angle which an ascending line makes with a horizontal plane. — Elevation of the host (R. C. Ch.), that part of the Mass in which the priest raises the host above his head for the people to adore.

Elevator
El´e•va•tor, n. [L., one who raises up, a deliverer: cf. F. elevateur.] One who, or that which, raises or lifts up anything; as: (a) A mechanical contrivance, usually an endless belt or chain with a series of scoops or buckets, for transferring grain to an upper loft for storage. (b) A cage or platform and the hoisting machinery in a hotel, warehouse, mine, etc., for conveying persons, goods, etc., to or from different floors or levels; — called in England a lift; the cage or platform itself. (c) A building for elevating, storing, and discharging, grain. (d) (Anat.) A muscle which serves to raise a part of the body, as the leg or the eye. (e) (Surg.) An instrument for raising a depressed portion of a bone. Elevator head, leg, ∧ boot, the boxes in which the upper pulley, belt, and lower pulley, respectively, run in a grain elevator.

Elevator
El´e•va•tor, n. (Aëronautics) A movable plane or group of planes used to control the altitude or fore-and-aft poise or inclination of an airship or flying machine.

Elevatory
El´e•va•to•ry, a. Tending to raise, or having power to elevate; as elevatory forces.

Elevatory
El´e•va•to•ry, n. [Cf. F. elevatoire.] (Surg.) See Elevator, n. (e). Dunglison.

Eleven
E•lev´en (e•lev"’n), a. [OE. enleven, AS. endleofan, endlufon, for nleofan; akin to LG. eleve, ölwe, ölwen, D. elf, G. elf, eilf, OHG. einlif, Icel. ellifu, Sw. elfva, Dan. elleve, Goth. ainlif, cf. Lith. vënolika; and fr. the root of E. one + (prob.) a root signifying "to be left over, remain," appearing in E. loan, or perh. in leave, v. t., life. See One, and cf. Twelve.] Ten and one added; as eleven men.

Eleven
E•lev´en, n.
1. The sum of ten and one; eleven units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eleven units, as 11 or xi.
3. (Cricket & American Football) The eleven men selected to play on one side in a match, as the representatives of a club or a locality; as the all-England eleven.

Eleventh
E•lev´enth, a. [Cf. AS. endlyfta. See Eleven.]
1. Next after the tenth; as the eleventh chapter.
2. Constituting one of eleven parts into which a thing is divided; as the eleventh part of a thing.
3. (Mus.) Of or pertaining to the interval of the octave and the fourth.

Eleventh
E•lev´enth, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by eleven; one of eleven equal parts.
2. (Mus.) The interval consisting of ten conjunct degrees; the interval made up of an octave and a fourth.

Elf (elf), n. ; pl. Elves (elvz). [AS. aelf, ylf; akin to MHG. alp, G. alp nightmare, incubus, Icel. alfr elf, Sw. alf, elfva; cf. Skr. rbhu skillful, artful, rabh to grasp. Cf. Auf, Oaf.]
1. An imaginary supernatural being, commonly a little sprite, much like a fairy; a mythological diminutive spirit, supposed to haunt hills and wild places, and generally represented as delighting in mischievous tricks.
"Every elf, and fairy sprite, Hop as light as bird from brier." Shak.
2. A very diminutive person; a dwarf. Elf arrow, a flint arrowhead; — so called by the English rural folk who often find these objects of prehistoric make in the fields and formerly attributed them to fairies; — called also elf bolt, elf dart, and elf shot. — Elf child, a child supposed to be left by elves, in room of one they had stolen. See Changeling. — Elf fire, the ignis fatuus. Brewer. — Elf owl (Zoöl.), a small owl ( Micrathene Whitneyi) of Southern California and Arizona.

Elf, v. t. To entangle mischievously, as an elf might do.
"Elf all my hair in knots." Shak.

Elfin
Elf´in (-in), a. Relating to elves.

Elfin
Elf´in, n. A little elf or urchin. Shenstone.

Elfish
Elf´ish, a. Of or relating to the elves; elflike; implike; weird; scarcely human; mischievous, as though caused by elves. "Elfish light." Coleridge.
"The elfish intelligence that was so familiar an expression on her small physiognomy." Hawthorne.

Elfishly
Elf´ish•ly, adv. In an elfish manner.

Elfishness
Elf´ish•ness, n. The quality of being elfish.

Elfkin
Elf´kin, n. A little elf.

Elfland
Elf´land, n. Fairyland. Tennyson.

Elflock
Elf´lock, n. Hair matted, or twisted into a knot, as if by elves.

Elgin marbles
El"gin mar"bles Greek sculptures in the British Museum. They were obtained at Athens, about 1811, by Lord Elgin.

Elicit
E•lic´it, a. [L. elictus, p. p. of elicere to elicit; e + lacere to entice. Cf. Delight, Lace.] Elicited; drawn out; made real; open; evident. [Obs.] "An elicit act of equity." Jer. Taylor.

Elicit
E•lic´it, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elicited; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliciting.] To draw out or entice forth; to bring to light; to bring out against the will; to deduce by reason or argument; as to elicit truth by discussion.

Elicitation
E•lic•i•ta´tion, n. The act of eliciting. [Obs.] Abp. Bramhall.

Elide
E•lide´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elided; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliding.] [L. elidere to strike out or off; e + laedere to hurt by striking: cf. F. elider. See Lesion.]
1. To break or dash in pieces; to demolish; as to elide the force of an argument. [Obs.] Hooker.
2. (Gram.) To cut off, as a vowel or a syllable, usually the final one; to subject to elision.

Eligible
El´i•gi•ble, a. [F. eligible, fr. L. eligere. See Elect.]
1. That may be selected; proper or qualified to be chosen; legally qualified to be elected and to hold office.
2. Worthy to be chosen or selected; suitable; desirable; as an eligible situation for a house.
"The more eligible of the two evils." Burke.

Eligibly
El´i•gi•bly, adv. In an eligible manner.

Elimate
El´i•mate, v. t. [L. elimatus, p. p. of elimare to file up; e out + limare to file, fr. lima file.] To render smooth; to polish. [Obs.]

Eliminant
E•lim´i•nant, n. (Math.) The result of eliminating n variables between n homogeneous equations of any degree; — called also resultant.

Eliminate
E•lim´i•nate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Eliminated p. pr. & vb. n. Eliminating ] [L. eliminatus, p. p. of eliminare; e out + limen threshold; prob. akin to limes boundary. See Limit.]
1. To put out of doors; to expel; to discharge; to release; to set at liberty.
"Eliminate my spirit, give it range Through provinces of thought yet unexplored." Young.
2. (Alg.) To cause to disappear from an equation; as to eliminate an unknown quantity.
3. To set aside as unimportant in a process of inductive inquiry; to leave out of consideration.
"Eliminate errors that have been gathering and accumulating." Lowth.
4. To obtain by separating, as from foreign matters; to deduce; as to eliminate an idea or a conclusion. [Recent, and not well authorized]
5. (Physiol.) To separate; to expel from the system; to excrete; as the kidneys eliminate urea, the lungs carbonic acid; to eliminate poison from the system.

Elinguate
E•lin´guate, v. t. [L. elinguare.] To deprive of the tongue. [Obs.] Davies (Holy Roode).

Elinguation
E•lin•gua´tion, n. [L. elinguatio. See Elinguid.] (O. Eng. Law) Punishment by cutting out the tongue.

Eliquament
E•liq´ua•ment, n. A liquid obtained from fat, or fat fish, by pressure.

Eliquation
El•i•qua´tion, n. [L. eliquatio, fr. eliquare to clarify, strain; e + liquare to make liquid, melt.] (Metallurgy) The process of separating a fusible substance from one less fusible, by means of a degree of heat sufficient to melt the one and not the other, as an alloy of copper and lead; liquation. Ure.

Elison
E•li´son, n. [L. elisio, fr. elidere, elisum, to strike out: cf. F. elision. See Elide.]
1. Division; separation. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. (Gram.) The cutting off or suppression of a vowel or syllable, for the sake of meter or euphony; esp., in poetry, the dropping of a final vowel standing before an initial vowel in the following word, when the two words are drawn together.

Elixation
El•ix•a´tion, n. [Cf. F. elixation.] A seething; digestion. [Obs.] Burton.

Elixir
E•lix´ir, n. [F. elixir, Sp. elixir, Ar. eliksir the philosopher’s stone, prob. from Gr. dry, (hence probably) a dry powder; cf. Skr. ksha to burn.]
1. (Med.) A tincture with more than one base; a compound tincture or medicine, composed of various substances, held in solution by alcohol in some form.
2. (Alchemy) An imaginary liquor capable of transmuting metals into gold; also one for producing life indefinitely; as elixir vitae, or the elixir of life.
3. The refined spirit; the quintessence.
"The … elixir of worldly delights." South.
4. Any cordial or substance which invigorates.
"The grand elixir, to support the spirits of human nature." Addison.

Elizabethan
E•liz´a•beth•an, a. Pertaining to Queen Elizabeth or her times, esp. to the architecture or literature of her reign; as the Elizabethan writers, drama, literature. — n. One who lived in England in the time of Queen Elizabeth. Lowell.

Elk, n. [Icel. elgr; akin to Sw. elg, AS. eolh, OHG. elaho, MHG. elch, cf. L. alces; perh. akin to E. eland.] (Zoöl.) A large deer, of several species. The European elk ( Alces machlis or Cervus alces) is closely allied to the American moose. The American elk, or wapiti ( Cervus Canadensis), is closely related to the European stag. See Moose, and Wapiti. Irish elk (Paleon.), a large, extinct, Quaternary deer ( Cervus giganteus) with widely spreading antlers. Its remains have been found beneath the peat of swamps in Ireland and England. See Illustration in Appendix; also Illustration of Antler. — Cape elk (Zoöl.), the eland. { Elk, Elke }, n. (Zoöl.) The European wild or whistling swan ( Cygnus ferus).

Ell, n. [AS. eln; akin to D. el, elle, G. elle, OHG. elina, Icel. alin, Dan. alen, Sw. aln, Goth. alenia, L. ulna elbow, ell, Gr. elbow. Cf. Elbow, Alnage.] A measure for cloth; — now rarely used. It is of different lengths in different countries; the English ell being 45 inches, the Dutch or Flemish ell 27, the Scotch about 37.

Ell, n. (Arch.) See L.

Ellagic
El•lag´ic, a. [F., fr. galle gall (with the letters reversed).] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, gallnuts or gallic acid; as ellagic acid. Ellagic acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, C₁₄H₈O₉, found in bezoar stones, and obtained by the oxidation of gallic acid.

Ellebore
El´le•bore, n. Hellebore. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Elleborin
El•leb´o•rin, n. See Helleborin.

Ellipsoid
El•lip´soid, n. [ Ellipse + -oid: cf. F. ellipsoide.] (Geom.) A solid, all plane sections of which are ellipses or circles. See Conoid, n. , 2 (a). The ellipsoid has three principal plane sections, a, b, and c, each at right angles to the other two, and each dividing the solid into two equal and symmetrical parts. The lines of meeting of these principal sections are the axes, or principal diameters of the ellipsoid. The point where the three planes meet is the center. Ellipsoid of revolution, a spheroid; a solid figure generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one of its axes. It is called a prolate spheroid, or prolatum, when the ellipse is revolved about the major axis, and an oblate spheroid, or oblatum, when it is revolved about the minor axis. { El•lip´soid, El•lip•soi´dal } a. Pertaining to, or shaped like, an ellipsoid; as ellipsoid or ellipsoidal form. { El•lip´tic, El•lip´tic•al } a. [Gr. : cf. F. elliptique. See Ellipsis.]
1. Of or pertaining to an ellipse; having the form of an ellipse; oblong, with rounded ends.
"The planets move in elliptic orbits." Cheyne.
2. Having a part omitted; as an elliptical phrase. Elliptic chuck. See under Chuck. — Elliptic compasses, an instrument arranged for drawing ellipses. — Elliptic function. (Math.) See Function. — Elliptic integral. (Math.) See Integral. — Elliptic polarization. See under Polarization.

Ellipticity
El•lip•tic´i•ty, n. [Cf. F. ellipticite.] Deviation of an ellipse or a spheroid from the form of a circle or a sphere; especially, in reference to the figure of the earth, the difference between the equatorial and polar semidiameters, divided by the equatorial; thus, the ellipticity of the earth is &frac1x29966;. Some writers use ellipticity as the ratio of the difference of the two semiaxes to the minor axis, instead of the major. Nichol.

Elliptic-lanceolate
El•lip´tic-lan´ce•o•late, a. (Bot.) Having a form intermediate between elliptic and lanceolate.

Elliptograph
El•lip´to•graph, n. Same as Ellipsograph.

Elm, n. [AS. elm; akin to D. olm, OHG. elm, G. ulme, Icel. almr, Dan. & Sw. alm, L. ulmus, and E. alder. Cf. Old.] (Bot.) A tree of the genus Ulmus, of several species, much used as a shade tree, particularly in America. The English elm is Ulmus campestris; the common American or white elm is U. Americana; the slippery or red elm, U. fulva. Elm beetle (Zoöl.), one of several species of beetles (esp. Galeruca calmariensis), which feed on the leaves of the elm. — Elm borer (Zoöl.), one of several species of beetles of which the larvae bore into the wood or under the bark of the elm (esp. Saperda tridentata). — Elm butterfly (Zoöl.), one of several species of butterflies, which, in the caterpillar state, feed on the leaves of the elm (esp. Vanessa antiopa and Grapta comma). See Comma butterfly, under Comma. — Elm moth (Zoöl.), one of numerous species of moths of which the larvae destroy the leaves of the elm (esp. Eugonia subsignaria, called elm spanworm). — Elm sawfly (Zoöl.), a large sawfly ( Cimbex Americana). The larva, which is white with a black dorsal stripe, feeds on the leaves of the elm.

Elmo’s fire
El"mo’s fire See Corposant; also Saint Elmo’s Fire, under Saint.

Elocation
El•o•ca´tion, n. [Pref. e- + locate.]
1. A removal from the usual place of residence. [Obs.]
2. Departure from the usual state; an ecstasy. [Obs.]

Elocular
E•loc´u•lar (e•lok"u•ler), a. [Pref. e- + locular.] Having but one cell, or cavity; not divided by a septum or partition.

Elocution
El•o•cu´tion, n. [L. elocutio, fr. eloqui, elocutus, to speak out: cf. F. elocution. See Eloquent.]
1. Utterance by speech. [R.]
"[Fruit] whose taste … Gave elocution to the mute, and taught The tongue not made for speech to speak thy praise." Milton.
2. Oratorical or expressive delivery, including the graces of intonation, gesture, etc.; style or manner of speaking or reading in public; as clear, impressive elocution. "The elocution of a reader." Whately
3. Suitable and impressive writing or style; eloquent diction. [Obs.]
"To express these thoughts with elocution." Dryden.

Elocutionist
El•o•cu´tion•ist, n. One who is versed in elocution; a teacher of elocution.

Elocutive
El´o•cu•tive, a. Pertaining to oratorical expression. [Obs.] Feltham.

Elodian
E•lo´di•an, n. (Zoöl.) One of a tribe of tortoises, including the terrapins, etc., in which the head and neck can be withdrawn.

eloge
e•loge´, n. [F. See Elogium.] A panegyrical funeral oration.

Elohist
E•lo´hist, n. The writer, or one of the writers, of the passages of the Old Testament, notably those of the Pentateuch, which are characterized by the use of Elohim instead of Jehovah, as the name of the Supreme Being; — distinguished from Jehovist. S. Davidson.

Elohistic
El•o•his´tic, a. Relating to Elohim as a name of God; — said of passages in the Old Testament.

Eloign
E•loign´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Eloigned p. pr. & vb. n. Eloigning.] [F. eloigner, OF. esloignier; pref. es- (L. ex) + OF. & F. loin far, far off, L. longe, fr. longus long. See Elongate.] [Written also eloin.]
1. To remove afar off; to withdraw. [Obs.]
"From worldly cares he did himself eloign." Spenser.
2. (Law) To convey to a distance, or beyond the jurisdiction, or to conceal, as goods liable to distress.
"The sheriff may return that the goods or beasts are eloigned." Blackstone.

Eloignment
E•loign´ment, n. [F. eloignement.] Removal to a distance; withdrawal. [Obs.]

Eloin
E•loin´, v. t. See Eloign.

Elongation
E•lon•ga´tion ( 277), n. [LL. elongatio: cf. F. elongation.]
1. The act of lengthening, or the state of being lengthened; protraction; extension. "Elongation of the fibers." Arbuthnot.
2. That which lengthens out; continuation.
"May not the mountains of Westmoreland and Cumberland be considered as elongations of these two chains?" Pinkerton.
3. Removal to a distance; withdrawal; a being at a distance; distance.
"The distant points in the celestial expanse appear to the eye in so small a degree of elongation from one another, as bears no proportion to what is real." Glanvill.
4. (Astron.) The angular distance of a planet from the sun; as the elongation of Venus or Mercury.

Elope
E•lope´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Eloped p. pr. & vb. n. Eloping.] [D. ontloopen to run away; pref. ont- (akin to G. ent-, AS. and-, cf. E. answer) + loopen to run; akin to E. leap. See Leap, v. t.] To run away, or escape privately, from the place or station to which one is bound by duty; — said especially of a woman or a man, either married or unmarried, who runs away with a paramour or a sweetheart.
"Great numbers of them [the women] have eloped from their allegiance." Addison.

Eloper
E•lop´er, n. One who elopes.

Elops
E´lops, n. [L. elops, helops, a kind of sea fish, Gr. .]
1. (Zoöl.) A genus of fishes. See Saury.
2. A mythical serpent. [Obs.] Milton.

Elsewhere
Else´where, adv.
1. In any other place; as these trees are not to be found elsewhere.
2. In some other place; in other places, indefinitely; as it is reported in town and elsewhere.

Elsewhither
Else´whith•er, adv. To some, or any, other place; as you will have to go elsewhither for it. R. of Gloucester. "For elsewhither was I bound." Carlyle.

Elsewise
Else´wise, adv. Otherwise. [R.]

Elsin
El´sin, n. A shoemaker’s awl. [Prov. Eng.]

Elucidate
E•lu´ci•date, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elucidated p. pr. & vb. n. Elucidating ] [LL. elucidatus, p. p. of elucidare; e + lucidus full of light, clear. See Lucid.] To make clear or manifest; to render more intelligible; to illustrate; as an example will elucidate the subject.

Elucidative
E•lu´ci•da•tive, a. Making clear; tending to elucidate; as an elucidative note.

Elucidator
E•lu´ci•da•tor, n. One who explains or elucidates; an expositor.

Elucidatory
E•lu´ci•da•to•ry, a. Tending to elucidate; elucidative. [R.]

Eluctate
E•luc´tate, v. i. [L. eluctatus, p. p. of eluctari to struggle out; e + luctari to wrestle.] To struggle out; — with out. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.

Eluctation
E•luc•ta´tion, n. [L. eluctatio.] A struggling out of any difficulty. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

Elucubrate
E•lu´cu•brate, v. i. [L. elucubratus, p. p. of elucubrare to compose by lamplight.] See Lucubrate. [Obs.] Blount.

Elul
E´lul, n. [Heb.] The sixth month of the Jewish year, by the sacred reckoning, or the twelfth, by the civil reckoning, corresponding nearly to the month of September.

Elumbated
E•lum´ba•ted, a. [L. elumbis; e + lumbus loin.] Weak or lame in the loins. [Obs.]

Elusion
E•lu´sion, n. [LL. elusio, fr. L. eludere, elusum. See Elude.] Act of eluding; adroit escape, as by artifice; a mockery; a cheat; trickery.

Elusory
E•lu´so•ry, a. [LL. elusorius.] Tending to elude or deceive; evasive; fraudulent; fallacious; deceitful; deceptive. — E•lu´so•ri•ness (#), n.

Elute
E•lute´, v. t. [L. elutus, p. p. of eluers to elute; e + luere to wash.] To wash out. [R.] Arbuthnot.

Elutriate
E•lu´tri•ate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elutriated p. pr. & vb. n. Elutriating ] [L. elutriatus, p. p. of elutriare.] To wash or strain out so as to purify; as to elutriate the blood as it passes through the lungs; to strain off or decant, as a powder which is separated from heavier particles by being drawn off with water; to cleanse, as by washing.

Eluxate
E•lux´ate, v. t. [Pref. e- + luxate.] To dislocate; to luxate.

Eluxation
E•lux•a´tion, n. Dislocation; luxation.

Elvan
Elv´an, a.
1. Pertaining to elves; elvish.
2. (Mining) Of or pertaining to certain veins of feldspathic or porphyritic rock crossing metalliferous veins in the mining districts of Cornwall; as an elvan course. { Elv´an, Elv´an•ite }, n. The rock of an elvan vein, or the elvan vein itself; an elvan course.

Elve, n. An old form of Elf.

Elver
El´ver, n. (Zoöl.) A young eel; a young conger or sea eel; — called also elvene.

Elves, n. ; pl. of Elf.

Elvish
Elv´ish, a.
1. Pertaining to elves; implike; mischievous; weird; also vacant; absent in demeanor. See Elfish.
"He seemeth elvish by his countenance." Chaucer.
2. Mysterious; also foolish. [Obs.]

Elwand
El´wand, n. [Obs.] See Ellwand.

Elysium
E•ly´sium, n. ; pl. E. Elysiums (#), L. Elysia (#). [L., fr. Gr.,, Elysian field.] (Anc. Myth.)
1. A dwelling place assigned to happy souls after death; the seat of future happiness; Paradise.
2. Hence, any delightful place.
"An Elysian more pure and bright than that pf the Greeks." I. Taylor.

Elytriform
E•lyt´ri•form, a. [ Elytrum + -form.] (Zoöl.) Having the form, or structure, of an elytron.

Elytrin
El´y•trin, n. [From Elytrum.] (Chem.) See Chitin.

Elytron
El´y•tron ( 277), El´y•trum (-trm) n. ; pl. Elytra (#). [NL., fr. Gr., fr. to roll round.] (Zoöl.) (a) One of the anterior pair of wings in the Coleoptera and some other insects, when they are thick and serve only as a protection for the posterior pair. See Coleoptera. (b) One of the shieldlike dorsal scales of certain annelids. See Chaetopoda.