Cyamelide
Cy•am´e•lide (si•am"e•lid or -lid; 104), n. (Chem.) A white amorphous substance, regarded as a polymeric modification of isocyanic acid.
Cyamellone
Cy•am´el•lone (si•am"el•lon), n. (Chem) A complex derivative of cyanogen, regarded as an acid, and known chiefly in its salts; — called also hydromellonic acid.
Cyanate
Cy´a•nate (s?"?-n?t), n. [Cf. F. cuanate. See Cyanic.] (Chem.) A salt of cyanic acid. Ammonium cyanate (Chem.), a remarkable white crystalline substance, NH4.O.CN, which passes, on standing, to the organic compound, urea, CO.(NH2)2.
Cyanaurate
Cy•an•au´rate (s?•?n-?"r?t), n. See Aurocyanide.
Cyanean
Cy•a´ne•an (s?-?"n?-a]/>n), a. [Gr. kya•neos dark blue.] Having an azure color. Pennant.
Cyanic
Cy•an´ic (s?-?n"?k), a. [Gr. ky•anos a dark blue substance: cf. F. cyanique. Cf. Kyanite.]
1. Pertaining to, or containing, cyanogen.
2. Of or pertaining to a blue color. Cyanic acid (Chem.), an acid, HOCN, derived from cyanogen, well known in its salts, but never isolated in the free state. — Cyanic colors (Bot.), those colors (of flowers) having some tinge of blue; — opposed to xanthic colors. A color of either series may pass into red or white, but not into the opposing color. Red and pure white are more common among flowers of cyanic tendency than in those of the other class.
Cyanide
Cy´a•nide (s?"?-n?d or -n?d; 104), n. [Cf. F. cyanide. See Cyanic.] (Chem.) A compound formed by the union of cyanogen with an element or radical.
Cyanin
Cy´a•nin (s?"?-n?n), n. [See Cyanic.] (Chem.) The blue coloring matter of flowers; — called also anthokyan and anthocyanin.
Cyanine
Cy´a•nine (s?"?-n?n or -n?n; 104), n. (Chem.) One of a series of artificial blue or red dyes obtained from quinoline and lepidine and used in calico printing.
Cyanite
Cy´a•nite (-n?t), n. [See Cyanic.] (Min.) A mineral occuring in thin- bladed crystals and crystalline aggregates, of a sky-blue color. It is a silicate of aluminium. [Written also kyanite.]
Cyanogen
Cy•an´o•gen (s?-?n"?-j?n), n. [Gr. ky•anos a dark blue substance + -gen: cf. F. cyanogène. So called because it produced blue dyes.] (Chem.) A colorless, inflammable, poisonous gas C2N2, with a peach-blossom odor, so called from its tendency to form blue compounds; obtained by heating ammonium oxalate, mercuric cyanide, etc. It is obtained in combination, forming an alkaline cyanide when nitrogen or a nitrogenous compound is strongly ignited with carbon and soda or potash. It conducts itself like a member of the halogen group of elements, and shows a tendency to form complex compounds. The name is also applied to the univalent radical, CN (the half molecule of cyanogen proper), which was one of the first compound radicals recognized. Cyanogen is found in the commercial substances, potassium cyanide, or prussiate of potash, yellow prussiate of potash, Prussian blue, Turnbull’s blue, prussic acid, etc.
Cyanometer
Cy•a•nom´e•ter (s?•?-n?m"?-t?r), n. [Gr. ky•anos a dark blue substance + -meter: cf. F. cyanomètre.] An instrument for measuring degress of blueness.
Cyanopathy
Cy•a•nop´a•thy (-n?p"?-th?), n. [Gr. ky•anos a dark blue substance + pa•qos affection.] (Med.) A disease in which the body is colored blue in its surface, arising usually from a malformation of the heart, which causes an imperfect arterialization of the blood; blue jaundice.
Cyanophyll
Cy•an´o•phyll (s?-?n"?-f?l), n. [Gr. ky•anos a dark blue substance + fy•llon leaf.] (Bot.) A blue coloring matter supposed by some to be one of the component parts of chlorophyll.
Cyanosed
Cy´a•nosed (s?"?-n?st), a. [See Cyanic.] Rendered blue, as the surface of the body, from cyanosis or deficient aëration of the blood.
Cyanosis
Cy•a•no´sis (s?•?-n?"s?s), n. [NL. See Cyanic.] (Med.) A condition in which, from insufficient aëration of the blood, the surface of the body becomes blue. See Cyanopathy.
Cyanosite
Cy•an´o•site (s?-?n"?-s?t), n. [See Cyanic.] (Min.) Native sulphate of copper. Cf. Blue vitriol, under Blue.
Cyanotic
Cy•a•not´ic (s?•?-n?t"?k), a. (Med.) Relating to cyanosis; affected with cyanosis; as a cyanotic patient; having the hue caused by cyanosis; as a cyanotic skin.
Cyanotype
Cy•an´o•type (s?-?n"?-t?p), n. [ Cyanide + -type.] A photographic picture obtained by the use of a cyanide.
Cyanurate
Cy´an´u•rate (s?-?n"?-r?t), n. (Chem.) A salt of cyanuric acid.
Cyanuret
Cy•an´u•ret (-r?t), n. (Chem.) A cyanide. [Obs.]
Cyanuric
Cy•a•nu´ric (s?•?-n?"r?k), a. [ Cyanic + uric: Cf. F. cyanurique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, cyanic and uric acids.
Cyanuric acid (Chem.), an organic acid, C3O3N3H3, first obtained by heating uric acid or urea, and called pyrouric acid; afterwards obtained from isocyanic acid. It is a white crystalline substance, odorless and almost tasteless; — called also tricarbimide.
Cyathiform
Cy•ath´i•form (s?-?th"?-f?rm), a. [L. cyathus a cup (Gr, ky•aqos) - form:cf. F. cyathiforme.] In the form of a cup, a little widened at the top.
Cyatholith
Cy•ath´olith (s?-?th"?-l?th), n. [Gr. ky•aqos a cup + -lith.] (Biol.) A kind of coccolith, which in shape resembles a minute cup widened at the top, and varies in size from &frac1x6000; to &frac1x8000; of an inch.
Cyathophylloid
Cy•a•tho•phyl´loid (s?•?-th?-f?l"loid), a. [NL. cyathophyllum, fr. Gr. ky•aqos a cup + fy•llon a leaf.] (Paleon.) Like, or pertaining to, the family Cyathophyllidae.
Cyathophylloid
Cy•a•tho•phyl´loid, n. (Paleon.) A fossil coral of the family Cyathophyllidae; sometimes extended to fossil corals of other related families belonging to the group Rugosa; — also called cup corals. Thay are found in paleozoic rocks.
Cycad
Cy´cad (si"kad), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the natural order Cycadaceae, as the sago palm, etc.
Cycadaceous
Cyc•a•da´ceous (s?k•?-d?"sh?s or s?•k?-), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, an order of plants like the palms, but having exogenous wood. The sago palm is an example.
Cycas
Cy´cas (s?"k?s), n. [Of uncertain origin. Linnaeus derives it from one of the "obscure Greek words."] (Bot.) A genus of trees, intermediate in character between the palms and the pines. The pith of the trunk of some species furnishes a valuable kind of sago.
Cyclamen
Cyc´la•men (s?k"l?-m?n), n. [NL., fr. Gr. kykla•minos, kyklami•s.] (Bot.) A genus of plants of the Primrose family, having depressed rounded corms, and pretty nodding flowers with the petals so reflexed as to point upwards, whence it is called rabbits’ ears. It is also called sow bread, because hogs are said to eat the corms.
Cyclamin
Cyc´la•min (-m?n), n. A white amorphous substance, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from the corm of Cyclamen Europaeum.
Cyclas
Cy´clas (s?"kl?s), n. [Cf. Ciclatoun.] A long gown or surcoat (cut off in front), worn in the Middle Ages. It was sometimes embroidered or interwoven with gold. also a rich stuff from which the gown was made.
Cycle
Cy´cle (s?"k’l), n. [F. ycle, LL. cyclus, fr. Gr. ky•klos ring or circle, cycle; akin to Skr. cakra wheel, circle. See Wheel.]
1. An imaginary circle or orbit in the heavens; one of the celestial spheres. Milton.
2. An interval of time in which a certain succession of events or phenomena is completed, and then returns again and again, uniformly and continually in the same order; a periodical space of time marked by the recurrence of something peculiar; as the cycle of the seasons, or of the year.
"Wages … bear a full proportion … to the medium of provision during the last bad cycle of twenty years." - Burke.
3. An age; a long period of time.
"Better fifty years of Europe than a cycle of Cathay." - Tennyson.
4. An orderly list for a given time; a calendar. [Obs.]
"We … present our gardeners with a complete cycle of what is requisite to be done throughout every month of the year." - Evelyn.
5. The circle of subjects connected with the exploits of the hero or heroes of some particular period which have served as a popular theme for poetry, as the legend of Arthur and the knights of the Round Table, and that of Charlemagne and his paladins.
6. (Bot.) One entire round in a circle or a spire; as a cycle or set of leaves. Gray.
7. A bicycle or tricycle, or other light velocipede. Calippic cycle, a period of 76 years, or four Metonic cycles; — so called from Calippus, who proposed it as an improvement on the Metonic cycle. — Cycle of eclipses, a period of about 6,586 days, the time of revolution of the moon’s node; — called Saros by the Chaldeans. — Cycle of indiction, a period of 15 years, employed in Roman and ecclesiastical chronology, not founded on any astronomical period, but having reference to certain judicial acts which took place at stated epochs under the Greek emperors. — Cycle of the moon, orMetonic cycle, a period of 19 years, after the lapse of which the new and full moon returns to the same day of the year; — so called from Meton, who first proposed it. — Cycle of the sun, Solar cycle, a period of 28 years, at the end of which time the days of the month return to the same days of the week. The dominical or Sunday letter follows the same order; hence the solar cycle is also called the cycle of the Sunday letter. In the Gregorian calendar the solar cycle is in general interrupted at the end of the century.
Cycle
Cy´cle (s?"k’l), v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Cycled. (-k’ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Cycling (-klng).]
1. To pass through a cycle of changes; to recur in cycles. Tennyson. Darwin.
2. To ride a bicycle, tricycle, or other form of cycle. { Cyc´lic (s?k"l?k or s?"kl?k), Cyc´lic•al (s?k"l?-k al), } a. [Cf. F. cycluque, Gr. kykliko•s, fr. ky•klos See Cycle.] Of or pertaining to a cycle or circle; moving in cycles; as cyclical time. Coleridge. Cyclic chorus, the chorus which performed the songs and dances of the dithyrambic odes at Athens, dancing round the altar of Bacchus in a circle. — Cyclic poets, certain epic poets who followed Homer, and wrote merely on the Trojan war and its heroes; — so called because keeping within the circle of a single subject. also any series or coterie of poets writing on one subject. Milman.
Cycle
Cy´cle, n. (a) (Thermodynamics) A series of operations in which heat is imparted to (or taken away from) a working substance which by its expansion gives up a part of its internal energy in the form of mechanical work (or being compressed increases its internal energy) and is again brought back to its original state. (b) (Elec.) A complete positive and negative wave of an alternating current; one period. The number of cycles (per second) is a measure of the frequency of an alternating current.
Cyclide
Cy´clide (s?"kl?d), n. [Gr. ky•klos circle.] (Geom.) A surface of the fourth degree, having certain special relations to spherical surfaces. The tore or anchor ring is one of the cyclides.
Cycling
Cy´cling (s?"kl?ng), n. The act, art, or practice, of riding a cycle, esp. a bicycle or tricycle.
Cyclist
Cy´clist (s?"kl?st), n. A cycler.
Cyclo-
Cy´clo- (s?"kl?-). [Gr. ky•klos circle, wheel.] A combining form meaning circular, of a circle or wheel.
Cyclobranchiate
Cy•clo•bran´chi•ate (s?•kl?-br?n"k?-?t), a. [ Cyclo- + branchiate.] (Zoöl) Having the gills around the margin of the body, as certain limpets.
Cycloganoid
Cy•clo•ga´noid (s?•kl?-g?"noid or -g?n"oid), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Cycloganoidei.
Cycloganoid
Cy•clo•ga´noid, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Cycloganoidei.
Cycloganoidei
Cy•clo•ga•noi´de•i (s?"kl?-g?-noi"d?-?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ky•klos circle + NL. ganoidei. See Ganoid.] (Zoöl.) An order of ganoid fishes, having cycloid scales. The bowfin ( Amia calva) is a living example.
Cyclograph
Cy´clo•graph (s?"kl?-gr?f), n. [ Cyclo- + -graph.] See Arcograph.
Cycloid
Cy´cloid (s?"kloid), n. [ Cyclo- + -oid: cf. F. cycloïde.] (Geom.) A curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when the circle is rolled along a straight line, keeping always in the same plane. The common cycloid is the curve described when the generating point ( p) is on the circumference of the generating circle; the curtate cycloid, when that point lies without the circumference; the prolate or inflected cycloid, when the generating point ( p) lies within that circumference.
Cycloid
Cy´cloid, a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Cycloidei. Cycloid scale (Zoöl.), a fish scale which is thin and shows concentric lines of growth, without serrations on the margin.
Cycloid
Cy´cloid, n. (Zoöl.) One of the Cycloidei.
Cycloidal
Cy•cloid´al (- al), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a cycloid; as the cycloidal space is the space contained between a cycloid and its base. Cycloidal engine. See Geometric lathe.
Cycloidei
Cy•cloi´de•i (s?-kloi"d?-?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ky•klos circle + - oid.] (Zoöl.) An order of fishes, formerly proposed by Agassiz, for those with thin, smooth scales, destitute of marginal spines, as the herring and salmon. The group is now regarded as artificial.
Cycloidian
Cy•cloid´i•an (s?-kloid"?- an), a. & n. (Zoöl.) Same as 2d and 3d Cycloid.
Cyclometer
Cy•clom´e•ter (s?-kl?m"?-t?r), n. [ Cyclo- + -meter.] A contrivance for recording the revolutions of a wheel, as of a bicycle.
Cyclometry
Cy•clom´e•try (-tr?), n. [ Cyclo- + -metry: cf. F. cyclometrie.] (Geom.) The art of measuring circles.
Cyclone
Cy´clone (s?"kl?n), n. [Gr. moving in a circle, p. pr. of, fr. ky•klos circle.] (Meteor.) A violent storm, often of vast extent, characterized by high winds rotating about a calm center of low atmospheric pressure. This center moves onward, often with a velocity of twenty or thirty miles an hour. The atmospheric disturbance usually accompanying a cyclone, marked by an onward moving area of high pressure, is called an anticyclone.
Cyclone
Cy´clone, n.
1. (Meteor.) In general, a condition of the atmosphere characterized by a central area of pressure much lower than that of surrounding areas and a system of winds blowing inward and around (clockwise in the southern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the northern); — called also a low-area storm. It is attended by high temperature, moist air, abundant precipitation, and clouded sky. The term includes the hurricane, typhoon, and tropical storms; it should not be applied to the moderate disturbances attending ordinary areas of low pressure nor to tornadoes, waterspouts, or "twisters," in which the vertical motion is more important than the horizontal.
2. A tornado. See above, and Tornado. [Middle U. S.] { Cyclone cellarpit }. A cellar or excavation used for refuge from a cyclone, or tornado. [Middle U. S.]
Cyclonic
Cy•clon´ic (s?-kl?n"?k), a. Pertaining to a cyclone.
Cyclonoscope
Cy•clo´no•scope, n. [ Cyclone + -scope.] An apparatus to assist in locating the center of a cyclone.
Cyclop
Cy´clop (s?"kl?p), n. See Note under Cyclops, 1.
Cyclopean
Cy•clo•pe´an (s?•kl?-p?"an), a. [L. Cyclopeus, Gr., fr. Cyclops: cf. F. cyclopeen.] Pertaining to the Cyclops; characteristic of the Cyclops; huge; gigantic; vast and rough; massive; as Cyclopean labors; Cyclopean architecture. { Cy•clo•pe´di•aCy•clo•pae´di•a } (s?•kl?-p?"d?-?), n. [NL., from Gr. ky•klos circle + paidei•a the bringing up of a child, education, erudition, fr. paidey•ein to bring up a child. See Cycle, and cf. Encyclopedia, Pedagogue.] The circle or compass of the arts and sciences (originally, of the seven so-called liberal arts and sciences); circle of human knowledge. Hence, a work containing, in alphabetical order, information in all departments of knowledge, or on a particular department or branch; as a cyclopedia of the physical sciences, or of mechanics. See Encyclopedia.
Cyclopedic
Cy•clo•ped´ic (s?•kl?-p?d"?k or -p?"d?k), a. Belonging to the circle of the sciences, or to a cyclopedia; of the nature of a cyclopedia; hence, of great range, extent, or amount; as a man of cyclopedic knowledge.
Cyclopedist
Cy•clo•pe´dist (-p?"d?st), n. A maker of, or writer for, a cyclopedia.
Cyclopic
Cy•clop´ic (s?-kl?p"?k), a. [Gr., fr. .] Pertaining to the Cyclops; Cyclopean.
Cyclops
Cy´clops (s?"kl?ps), n. sing. & pl. [L. Cyclops, Gr. Ky•klwps (strictly round- eyed), pl. Ky•klwpes; ky•klos circle + ’w•ps eye.]
1. (Gr. Myth.) One of a race of giants, sons of Neptune and Amphitrite, having but one eye, and that in the middle of the forehead. They were fabled to inhabit Sicily, and to assist in the workshops of Vulcan, under Mt. Etna. Pope, in his translation of the "Odyssey," uniformly spells this word Cyclop, when used in the singular.
2. (Zoöl.) A genus of minute Entomostraca, found both in fresh and salt water. See Copepoda.
3. A portable forge, used by tinkers, etc.
Cyclorama
Cy•clo•ra´ma (s?•kl?-r?"m? or -r?"m?), n. [ Cyclo- + Gr. "o•rama sight, spectacle.] A pictorial view which is extended circularly, so that the spectator is surrounded by the objects represented as by things in nature. The realistic effect is increased by putting, in the space between the spectator and the picture, things adapted to the scene represented, and in some places only parts of these objects, the completion of them being carried out pictorially.
Cycloscope
Cy´clo•scope (s?"kl?-sk?p), n. [ Cyclo- + -scope.] A machine for measuring at any moment velocity of rotation, as of a wheel of a steam engine. Knight.
Cyclosis
Cy•clo´sis (s?-kl?"s?s), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ky•klwsis circulation, from kykloy^n. See Cyclone.] (Bot.) The circulation or movement of protoplasmic granules within a living vegetable cell.
Cyclostomata
Cy•clo•stom´a•ta (s?•kl?-st?m"?-t?), Cy•clos´to•ma (s?-kl?s"t?-m?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ky•klos circle + sto•ma, -atos mouth.] (Zoöl.) A division of Bryozoa, in which the cells have circular apertures. { Cy´clo•stome (s?"kl?-st?m), Cy•clos´to•mous (s?-kl?s"t?-m?s) }, a. (Zoöl.) Pertaining to the Cyclostomi.
Cyclostomi
Cy•clos´to•mi (s?-kl?s"t?-m?), n. pl. [NL. See Cyclostomata.] (Zoöl.) A glass of fishes having a suckerlike mouth, without jaws, as the lamprey; the Marsipobranchii.
Cyclostylar
Cy•clo•sty´lar (s?•kl?-st?"?r), a. [ Cyclo- + Gr. sty^los column.] Relating to a structure composed of a circular range of columns, without a core or building within. Weale.
Cyclostyle
Cy´clo•style (s?"kl?-st?l), n. [ Cyclo + style.] A contrivance for producing manifold copies of writing or drawing. The writing or drawing is done with a style carrying a small wheel at the end which makes minute punctures in the paper, thus converting it into a stencil. Copies are transferred with an inked roller.
Cyder
Cy´der (s?"d?r), n. See Cider. [Archaic]
Cydonin
Cy•do´nin (s?-d?"n?n), n. (Chem.) A peculiar mucilaginous substance extracted from the seeds of the quince ( Cydonia vulgaris), and regarded as a variety of amylose.
Cygnet
Cyg´net (sig"net), n. [Dim. of F. cygne swan, L. cycnus. cygnus, fr. Gr. ky•klos: but F. cygne seems to be an etymological spelling of OF. cisne, fr. LL. cecinus, cicinus, perh. ultimately also fr. Gr. ky•klos.] (Zoöl.) A young swan. Shak.
Cygnus
Cyg´nus (s?g"n?s), n. [L., a swan.] (Astron.) A constellation of the northern hemisphere east of, or following, Lyra; the Swan.
Cylinder
Cyl´in•der (s?l"?n-d?r), n. [F. cylindre, OF. cilindre, L. cylindrus, fr. Gr. ky•lindros, fr. kyli•ndein, kyli•ein, to roll. Cf. Calender the machine.]
1. (Geom.) (a) A solid body which may be generated by the rotation of a parallelogram round one its sides; or a body of rollerlike form, of which the longitudinal section is oblong, and the cross section is circular. (b) The space inclosed by any cylindrical surface. The space may be limited or unlimited in length.
2. Any hollow body of cylindrical form, as: (a) The chamber of a steam engine in which the piston is moved by the force of steam. (b) The barrel of an air or other pump. (c) (Print.) The revolving platen or bed which produces the impression or carries the type in a cylinder press. (d) The bore of a gun; the turning chambered breech of a revolver.
3. The revolving square prism carrying the cards in a Jacquard loom. Cylinder axis. (Anat.) See Axis cylinder, under Axis. — Cylinder engine (Paper Making), a machine in which a cylinder takes up the pulp and delivers it in a continuous sheet to the dryers. — Cylinder escapement. See Escapement. — Cylinder glass. See Glass. — Cylinder mill. See Roller mill. — Cylinder press. See Press.
Cylindraceous
Cyl•in•dra´ceous (-dr?"sh?s), a. [Cf. F. cylyndrace] Cylindrical, or approaching a cylindrical form. { Cy•lin´dric (s?-l?n"dr?k), Cy•lin´dric•al (-dr?-k al), } a. [Gr. kylindriko•s, from ky•lindros cylinder: cf. F. cylindrique.] Having the form of a cylinder, or of a section of its convex surface; partaking of the properties of the cylinder. Cylindrical lens, a lens having one, or more than one, cylindrical surface. — Cylindric, or Cylindrical, surface (Geom.), a surface described by a straight line that moves according to any law, but so as to be constantly parallel to a given line. — Cylindrical vault. (Arch.) See under Vault, n.
Cylindrically
Cy•lin´dric•al•ly (s?-l?n"dr?-k al-l?), adv. In the manner or shape of a cylinder; so as to be cylindrical.
Cylindricity
Cyl••in•dric´i•ty (s?l•?n-dr?s"?-t?), n. The quality or condition of being cylindrical.
Cylindriform
Cy•lin´dri•form (s?-l?n"dr?-f?rm), a. [L. cylindrus (Gr. ky•lindros) cylinder + -form: cf. F. cylindriforme.] Having the form of a cylinder.
Cylindroid
Cyl´in•droid (s?l"?n-droid), n. [Gr. ky•lindros cylinder + -oid: cf. F. cylindroïde.]
1. A solid body resembling a right cylinder, but having the bases or ends elliptical.
2. (Geom.) A certain surface of the third degree, described by a moving straight line; — used to illustrate the motions of a rigid body and also the forces acting on the body.
Cylindrometric
Cy•lin•dro•met´ric (si•lin•dro•met"rik), a. [Gr. ky•lindros + me•tron measure.] Belonging to a scale used in measuring cylinders.
Cyma
Cy´ma (si"ma) n. [NL., fr. Gr. ky^ma. See Cyme]
1. (Arch.) A member or molding of the cornice, the profile of which is wavelike in form.
2. (Bot.) A cyme. See Cyme. Cyma recta, orCyma, a cyma, hollow in its upper part and swelling below. — Cyma reversa, or Ogee, a cyma swelling out on the upper part and hollow below.
Cymar
Cy•mar´ (si•mär"), n. [F. simarre. See Chimere.] A slight covering; a scarf. See Simar.
"Her body shaded with a light cymar." - Dryden.
Cymatium
Cy•ma´ti•um (si•ma"shi•um), n. [L., fr. Gr. kyma•tion, dim. of ky^ma a wave.] (Arch.) A capping or crowning molding in classic architecture.
Cymbal
Cym´bal (sim"b al). n. [OE. cimbale, simbale, OF. cimbale, F. cymbale, L. cymbalum, fr. Gr. ky•mbalon, fr. ky•mbh, ky•mbos, anything hollow, hollow vessel, basin, akin to Skr. kumbha pot. Cf. Chime.]
1. A musical instrument used by the ancients. It is supposed to have been similar to the modern kettle drum, though perhaps smaller.
2. A musical instrument of brass, shaped like a circular dish or a flat plate, with a handle at the back; — used in pairs to produce a sharp ringing sound by clashing them together. In orchestras one cymbal is commonly attached to the bass drum, and the other heid in the drummer’s left hand, while his right hand uses the drumstick.
3. A musical instrument used by gypsies and others, made of steel wire, in a triangular form, on which are movable rings.
Cymbalist
Cym´bal•ist, n. A performer upon cymbals.
Cymbiform
Cym´bi•form (s?m"b?-f?rm),, a. [L. cymba boat (Gr. ) + -form: cf. F. cymbiforme.] Shaped like a boat; (Bot.) elongated and having the upper surface decidedly concave, as the glumes of many grasses.
Cymbium
Cym´bi•um (s?m"b?-?m), n. [L., a small cup, fr. Gr. .] (Zoöl.) A genus of marine univalve shells; the gondola.
Cyme (s?m), n. [L. cyma the young sprount of a cabbage, fr. Gr., prop., anything swollen, hence also cyme, wave, fr. to be pregnant.] (Bot.) A flattish or convex flower cluster, of the centrifugal or determinate type, differing from a corymb chiefly in the order of the opening of the blossoms.
Cymene
Cy´mene (s?"m?n), n. (Chem.) A colorless, liquid, combustible hydrocarbon, CH3. C6H4.C3H7, of pleasant odor, obtained from oil of cumin, oil of caraway, carvacrol, camphor, etc.; — called also paracymene, and formerly camphogen.
Cymenol
Cy´me•nol (s?"m?-n?l), n. (Chem.) See Carvacrol.
Cymidine
Cy´mi•dine ( s?"m?-d?n or -d?n; 104), n. (Chem.) A liquid organic base, C10H13.NH2, derived from cymene.
Cymiferous
Cy•mif´er•ous (s?-m?f"?r-?s), a. [ Cyme + -ferous.] Producing cymes. { Cym´ling, Cymb´ling (s?m"l?ng) }, n. A scalloped or "pattypan" variety of summer squash.
Cymogene
Cy´mo•gene (s?"m?-j?n), n. (Chem.) A highly volatile liquid, condensed by cold and pressure from the first products of the distillation of petroleum; — used for producing low temperatures.
Cymograph
Cy´mo•graph, n. [ Cyma + - graph.] (a) An instrument for making tracings of the outline or contour of profiles, moldings, etc. (b) Var. of Kymograph. — Cy•mo•graph´ic (#), a.
Cymograph
Cy´mo•graph, v. t. To trace or copy with a cymograph.
Cymoid
Cy´moid (s?"moid), a. [ Cyme + -oid.] (Bot.) Having the form of a cyme.
Cymometer
Cy•mom´e•ter, n. [Gr. wave - meter.] An instrument for exhibiting and measuring wave motion; specif. (Elec.), an instrument for determining the frequency of electic wave oscillations, esp. in connection with wireless telegraphy.
Cymophane
Cym´o•phane (s?m"?-f?n or s?"m?-), n. [Gr. wave + To appear: cf. F. cymophane. So named in allusion to a peculiar opalescence often seen in it.] (Min.) See Chrysoberyl.
Cymophanous
Cy•moph´a•nous (s?-m?f"?-n?s or s?-), a. Having a wavy, floating light; opalescent; chatoyant. { Cy´mose (s?"m?s; 277), Cy´mous (s?"m?s), } a. [L. cymosus full of shoots: cf. FF. cymeux. See Cyme.] (Bot.) Having the nature of a cyme, or derived from a cyme; bearing, or pertaining to, a cyme or cymes.
Cymoscope
Cy´mo•scope, n. [Gr. wave + - scope.] (Elec.) Any device for detecting the presence of electric waves. The influence of electric waves on the resistance of a particular kind of electric circuit, on the magnetization of steel, on the polarization of an electrolytic cell, or on the electric condition of a vacuum has been applied in the various cymoscopes. D.
Cymric
Cym´ric (k?m"r?k), a. [W. Cymru Wales.] Welsh. — n. The Welsh language. [Written also Kymric.]
Cymry
Cym´ry (-r?), n. [W., pl.] A collective term for the Welsh race; — so called by themselves . [ Written also Cymri, Cwmry, Kymry, etc.]
Cymule
Cy´mule (s?"m?l), n. [Cf. L. cymula a tender sprout, dim. of cyna. See Cyme.] (Bot.) A small cyme, or one of very few flowers.
Cynanche
Cy•nan´che (s?-n?n"k?), n. [L., fr. Gr. a dog’s collar, a bad kind of sore throat. Cf. Quinsy.] (Med.) Any disease of the tonsils, throat, or windpipe, attended with inflammation, swelling, and difficulty of breathing and swallowing.
Cynanthropy
Cy•nan´thro•py (s?-n?n"thr?-p?), n. [Gr. of a dog-man;,, dog + man: cf. F. cynanthropie.] (Med.) A kind of madness in which men fancy themselves changed into dogs, and imitate the voice and habits of that animal.
Cynarctomachy
Cyn•arc•tom´a•chy (s?n•?rk-t?m"?-k?). n. [Gr.,, dog + bear + fight.] Bear baiting with a dog. Hudibras.
Cynarrhodium
Cyn•ar•rho´di•um (s?n•?r-r?"d?-?m), n. [NL., from Gr. dog-rose;,, dog + rose.] (Bot.) A fruit like that of the rose, consisting of a cup formed of the calyx tube and receptacle, and containing achenes.
Cynegetics
Cyn•e•get´ics (sin•e•jet"iks), n. [Gr. kynhgetikh• (sc. te•chnh art), fr. kynhge•ths hunter; ky•wn, kyno•s, dog + to lead.] The art of hunting with dogs. { Cyn´ic (sin"ik), Cyn´ic•al (-i•k al), } a. [L. cynicus of the sect of Cynics, fr. Gr. kyniko•s, prop., dog- like, fr. ky•wn, kyno•s, dog. See Hound.]
1. Having the qualities of a surly dog; snarling; captious; currish.
"I hope it is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligations where no benefit has been received." - Johnson.
2. Pertaining to the Dog Star; as the cynic, or Sothic, year; cynic cycle.
3. Belonging to the sect of philosophers called cynics; having the qualities of a cynic; pertaining to, or resembling, the doctrines of the cynics.
4. Given to sneering at rectitude and the conduct of life by moral principles; disbelieving in the reality of any human purposes which are not suggested or directed by self-interest or self-indulgence; as a cynical man who scoffs at pretensions of integrity; characterized by such opinions; as cynical views of human nature. In prose, cynical is used rather than cynic, in the senses 1 and 4. Cynic spasm (Med.), a convulsive contraction of the muscles of one side of the face, producing a sort of grin, suggesting certain movements in the upper lip of a dog.
Cynic
Cyn´ic, n. (Gr. Philos)
1. One of a sect or school of philosophers founded by Antisthenes, and of whom Diogenes was a disciple. The first Cynics were noted for austere lives and their scorn for social customs and current philosophical opinions. Hence the term Cynic symbolized, in the popular judgment, moroseness, and contempt for the views of others.
2. One who holds views resembling those of the Cynics; a snarler; a misanthrope; particularly, a person who believes that human conduct is directed, either consciously or unconsciously, wholly by self-interest or self-indulgence, and that appearances to the contrary are superficial and untrustworthy.
"He could obtain from one morose cynic, whose opinion it was impossible to despise, scarcely any not acidulated with scorn." - Macaulay.
Cynically
Cyn´ic•al•ly (sin"i•k al•ly), adv. In a cynical manner.
Cynicalness
Cyn´ic•al•ness, n. The quality of being cynical.
Cynicism
Cyn´i•cism (sin"i•siz’m), n. The doctrine of the Cynics; the quality of being cynical; the mental state, opinions, or conduct, of a cynic; morose and contemptuous views and opinions.
Cynoidea
Cy•noi´de•a (s?-noi"d?-a), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr.,, a dog + -oid.] (Zoöl.) A division of Carnivora, including the dogs, wolves, and foxes.
Cynorexia
Cyn•o•rex´i•a (s?n•?-r?ks"?-?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.,, dog + appetite. ] (Med.) A voracious appetite, like that of a starved dog.
Cynosural
Cy•no•su´ral (s?•n?-sh?"r al or s?n•?-), a. Of or pertaining to a cynosure.
Cynosure
Cy´no•sure (s?"n?-sh?r or s?n"?-sh?r; 277), n. [L. Cynosura theconstellation Cynosure, Gr. dog’s tail, the constellation Cynosure;,, dog + tail. SeeCynic.]
1. The constellation of the Lesser Bear, to which, as containing the polar star, the eyes of mariners and travelers were often directed.
2. That which serves to direct. Southey.
3. Anything to which attention is strongly turned; a center of attraction.
"Where perhaps some beauty lies,
The cynosure of neighboring eyes." - Milton.
Cyon
Cy´on (s?"?n), n. See Cion, and Scion.
Cyperaceous
Cyp•er•a´ceous (s?p•?r-?"sh?s or s?•p?r-), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a large family of plants of which the sedge is the type.
Cyperus
Cyp´e•rus (s?p"?-r?s), n. [NL., from Gr. sedge.] (Bot.) A large genus of plants belonging to the Sedge family, and including the species called galingale, several bulrushes, and the Egyptian papyrus.
Cypher
Cy´pher (s?"f?r), n. & v. See Cipher.
Cyphonautes
Cyph•o•nau´tes (s?f•?-n?"t?z), n. [NL., fr. Gr. bent + sailor.] (Zoöl.) The free-swimming, bivalve larva of certain Bryozoa.
Cyphonism
Cyph´o•nism (s?f•?-n?z’m or s"f-), n. [Gr., fr. a crooked piece of wood, a sort of pillory, fr. bent, stooping.] A punishment sometimes used by the ancients, consisting in the besmearing of the criminal with honey, and exposing him to insects. It is still in use among some Oriental nations.
Cypraea
Cy•prae´a (s?-pr?"?), n. [NL.; cf. Gr. a name of Venus.] (Zoöl.) A genus of mollusks, including the cowries. See Cowrie.
Cypres
Cy•pres´ (s?•pr?" or s?•pr?s"), n. [OF., nearly.] (Law) A rule for construing written instruments so as to conform as nearly to the intention of the parties as is consistent with law. Mozley & W.
Cypress
Cy´press (s?"pr?s), n. ; pl. Cypresses (-z). [OE. cipres, cipresse, OF. cipres, F. cyprs, L. cupressus, cyparissus (cf. the usual Lat. form cupressus), fr. Gr., perh. of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. gpher, Gen. vi. 14.] (Bot) A coniferous tree of the genus Cupressus. The species are mostly evergreen, and have wood remarkable for its durability. Among the trees called cypress are the common Oriental cypress, Cupressus sempervirens, the evergreen American cypress, C. thyoides (now called Chamaecyparis sphaeroidea), and the deciduous American cypress, Taxodium distichum. As having anciently been used at funerals, and to adorn tombs, the Oriental species is an emblem of mourning and sadness. Cypress vine (Bot.), a climbing plant with red or white flowers ( Ipotœa Quamoclit, formerly Quamoclit vulgaris).
Cyprian
Cyp´ri•an (s?p"r?-a]/>n), a. [L. Cyprius, fr. Cyprus, Gr., an island in the Mediterranean, renowned for the worship of Venus.]
1. Belonging to Cyprus.
2. Of, pertaining, or conducing to, lewdness.
Cyprian
Cyp´ri•an, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Cyprus, especially of ancient Cyprus; a Cypriot.
2. A lewd woman; a harlot.
Cyprine
Cyp´rine (s?p"r?n or s?"pr?n), a. [Cf. Cypress.] Of or pertaining to the cypress.
Cyprine
Cyp´rine, a. [See Cyprinoid.] (Zoöl.) Cyprinoid.
Cyprinodont
Cy•prin´o•dont (s?-pr?n"?-d?nt), n. [Gr. kind of carp +,, a tooth.] (Zoöl.) One of the Cyprinodontidae, a family of fishes including the killifishes or minnows. See Minnow.
Cyprinoid
Cyp´ri•noid (s?p"r?-noid), a. [Gr. a kind of carp + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Like the carp ( Cyprinus). — n. One of the Cyprinidae, or Carp family, as the goldfish, barbel, etc.
Cypriot
Cyp´ri•ot (s?p"r?-?t), n. [F. Cypriot, Chypriot.] A native or inhabitant of Cyprus.
Cypripedium
Cyp•ri•pe´di•um (s?p•r?-p?"d?-?m), n. [NL., fr. Cypris Venus + pes, pedis, foot.] (Bot.) A genus of orchidaceous plants including the lady’s slipper.
Cypris
Cy´pris (s?"pr?s), n. ; pl. Cyprides (sp"r-dz). [L. Cypris, the Cyprian goddess Venus, Gr. Ky•pris. See Cyprian.] (Zoöl.) A genus of small, bivalve, fresh-water Crustacea, belonging to the Ostracoda; also a member of this genus.
Cyprus
Cy´prus (s?"pr?s), n. [OE. cipres, cypirs; perh. so named as being first manufactured in Cyprus. Cf. Cipers.] A thin, transparent stuff, the same as or corresponding to, crape. It was either white or black, the latter being most common, and used for mourning. [Obs.]
"Lawn as white as driven snow, Cyprus black as e’er was crow." - Shak.
Cypruslawn
Cy´prus•lawn (-l?n•), n. Same as Cyprus. Milton.
Cypsela
Cyp´se•la (s?p"s?-l?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. any hollow vessel.] (Bot.) A one-seeded, one-celled, indehiscent fruit; an achene with the calyx tube adherent.
Cypseliform
Cyp•sel´i•form (s?p-s?l"?-f?rm), a. [L. cypselus a kind of swallow, Gr. + - form.] (Zoöl.) Like or belonging to the swifts ( Cypselidae.)
Cyrenaic
Cyr•e•na´ic (s?r•?-n?"?k or s?•r?-), a. [L. Cyrenaicus, fr. Cyrene, in Libya.] Pertaining to Cyrenaica, an ancient country of northern Africa, and to Cyrene, its principal city; also to a school of philosophy founded by Aristippus, a native of Cyrene. — n. A native of Cyrenaica; also a disciple of the school of Aristippus. See Cyrenian, n.
Cyrenian
Cy•re´ni•an (s?-r?"n?-a]/>n), a. Pertaining to Cyrene, in Africa; Cyrenaic.
Cyrenian
Cy•re´ni•an, n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Cyrene.
2. One of a school of philosophers, established at Cyrene by Aristippus, a disciple of Socrates. Their doctrines were nearly the same as those of the Epicureans.
Cyriologic
Cyr•i•o•log´ic (s?r•?-?-l?j"?k or s?•r?-), a. [See Curiologic.] Relating to capital letters.
Cyrtostyle
Cyr´to•style (s?r"t?-st?l), n. [Gr. bent + pillar.] (Arch.) A circular projecting portion.
Cyst (sist), n. [Gr. ky•stis bladder, bag, pouch, fr. ky•ein to be pregnant. Cf. Cyme.]
1. (Med.) (a) A pouch or sac without opening, usually membranous and containing morbid matter, which is accidentally developed in one of the natural cavities or in the substance of an organ. (b) In old authors, the urinary bladder, or the gall bladder. [Written also cystis.]
2. (Bot.) One of the bladders or air vessels of certain algae, as of the great kelp of the Pacific, and common rockweeds ( Fuci) of our shores. D. C. Eaton.
3. (Zoöl.) (a) A small capsule or sac of the kind in which many immature entozoans exist in the tissues of living animals; also a similar form in Rotifera, etc. (b) A form assumed by Protozoa in which they become saclike and quiescent. It generally precedes the production of germs. See Encystment.
Cysted
Cyst´ed (s?s"t?d), a. Inclosed in a cyst.
Cystic
Cyst´ic (s?s"t?k), a. [Cf. F. cystique.]
1. Having the form of, or living in, a cyst; as the cystic entozoa.
2. Containing cysts; cystose; as cystic sarcoma.
3. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or contained in, a cyst; esp., pertaining to, or contained in, either the urinary bladder or the gall bladder. Cystic duct, the duct from the gall bladder which unites with the hepatic to form the common bile duct. — Cystic worm (Zoöl.), a larval tape worm, as the cysticercus and echinococcus. { Cys´ti•cerce (s?s"t?-s?rs), Cys•ti•cer´cus (-s?r"k?s), } n. [NL. cysticercus, fr. Gr. bladder + tail: cf. F. cysticerque.] (Zoöl.) The larval form of a tapeworm, having the head and neck of a tapeworm attached to a saclike body filled with fluid; — called also bladder worm, hydatid, and measle (as pork measle). These larvae live in the tissues of various living animals, and, when swallowed by a suitable carnivorous animal, develop into adult tapeworms in the intestine. See Measles, 4, Tapeworm.
Cysticule
Cys´ti•cule (s?s"t?-k?l), n. [Dim. of cyst.] (Anat.) An appendage of the vestibular ear sac of fishes. Owen.
Cystid
Cys´tid (s?s"t?d), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Cystidea.
Cystidea
Cys•tid´e•a (s?s-t?d"?-?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. a bladder, pouch.] (Zoöl.) An order of Crinoidea, mostly fossils of the Paleozoic rocks. They were usually roundish or egg-shaped, and often unsymmetrical; some were sessile, others had short stems.
Cystidean
Cys•tid´e•an (-t?d"?-a]/>n), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Cystidea.
Cystine
Cyst´ine (s?s"t?n; 104), n. [See Cyst.] (Physiol. Chem.) A white crystalline substance, C3H7NSO2, containing sulphur, occuring as a constituent of certain rare urinary calculi, and occasionally found as a sediment in urine.
Cystis
Cys´tis (s?s"t?s), n. [NL.] A cyst. See Cyst.
Cystitis
Cys•ti´tis (s?s-t?"t?s), n. [ Cyst + -itis: cf. F. cystite.] (Med.) Inflammation of the bladder.
Cystocarp
Cys´to•carp (s?s"t?-k?rp), n. [Gr. bladder + karpo•s fruit.] (Bot.) A minute vesicle in a red seaweed, which contains the reproductive spores.
Cystocele
Cys´to•cele (-s?l), n. [Gr. bladder + tumor: cf. F. cystocele.] (Med.) Hernia in which the urinary bladder protrudes; vesical hernia. { Cys´toid, Cys•toid´e•an }, n. Same as Cystidean.
Cystoidea
Cys•toi´de•a (s?s-toi"d?-?), n. Same as Cystidea.
Cystolith
Cys´to•lith (s?s"t?-l?th), n. [Gr. bladder + -lith.]
1. (Bot.) A concretion of mineral matter within a leaf or other part of a plant.
2. (Med.) A urinary calculus.
Cystolithic
Cys•to•lith´ic (-l?th"?k), a. (Med.) Relating to stone in the bladder.
Cystoplast
Cys´to•plast (-pl?st), n. [Gr. bladder + to form.] (Biol.) A nucleated cell having an envelope or cell wall, as a red blood corpuscle or an epithelial cell; a cell concerned in growth.
Cystose
Cyst´ose (s?s"t?s), a. Containing, or resembling, a cyst or cysts; cystic; bladdery.
Cystotome
Cys´to•tome (s?s"t?-t?m), n. [Gr. bladder + to cut: cf. F. cystotome.] (Surg.) A knife or instrument used in cystotomy.
Cystotomy
Cys•tot´o•my (s??s-t?t"?-m?), n. [Gr. bladder + to cut: cf. F. cystotomie.] The act or practice of opening cysts; esp., the operation of cutting into the bladder, as for the extraction of a calculus.
Cytherean
Cyth•er•e´an (s?th•?r—?"an), a. [L. Cythereus, from Cythera, Gr., now Cerigo, an island in the AEgean Sea, celebrated for the worship of Venus.] Pertaining to the goddess Venus.
Cytoblast
Cy´to•blast (s?"t?-bl?st), n. [Gr. hollow vessel + -blast.] (Biol.) The nucleus of a cell; the germinal or active spot of a cellule, through or in which cell development takes place.
Cytoblastema
Cy•to•blas•te´ma (-bl?s-t?"m?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. hollow vessel + growth.] (Biol.) See Protoplasm.
Cytococcus
Cy•to•coc´cus (-k?k"k?s), n. ; pl. Cytococci (-s). [NL., fr. Gr. hollow vessel + kernel.] (Biol.) The nucleus of the cytula or parent cell. Haeckel.
Cytode
Cy´tode (s?"t?d), n. [Gr. hollow vessel, from . See Cyst.] (Biol.) A nonnucleated mass of protoplasm, the supposed simplest form of independent life differing from the amoeba, in which nuclei are present.
Cytogenesis
Cy•to•gen´e•sis (s?•t?-j?n"?-s?s), n. [Gr. hollow vessel + E. genesis.] (Biol.) Development of cells in animal and vegetable organisms. See Gemmation, Budding, Karyokinesis; also Cell development, under Cell. { Cy•to•gen´ic (s?•t?-j?n"?k), Cy•to•ge•net´ic (-j?-n?t"?k), } a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to cytogenesis or cell development.
Cytogenous
Cy•tog´e•nous (s?-t?j"?-n?s), a. (Anat.) Producing cells; — applied esp. to lymphatic, or adenoid, tissue.
Cytogeny
Cy•tog´e•ny (-n?), n . (Biol.) Cell production or development; cytogenesis.
Cytoid
Cy´toid (s?"toid), a. [Gr. hollow vessel + -oid.] (Physiol.) Cell-like; — applied to the corpuscles of lymph, blood, chyle, etc.
Cytoplasm
Cy´to•plasm (s?"t?-pl?z’m), n. [Gr. hollow vessel + a mold.] (Biol.) The substance of the body of a cell, as distinguished from the karyoplasma, or substance of the nucleus. — Cy•to•plas´mic (-plz"mk), a.
Cytula
Cyt´u•la (s?t"?-l?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. a hollow vessel.] (Biol.) The fertilized egg cell or parent cell, from the development of which the child or other organism is formed. Haeckel.