Coacervation
Co•ac•er•va´tion, n. [L. coacervatio.] A heaping together. [R.] Bacon.

Coach (koch; 224), n. [F. coche, fr. It. cocchio, dim. of cocca little boat, fr. L. concha mussel, mussel shell, Gr., akin to Skr. çankha. Cf. Conch, Cockboat, Cockle.]
1. A large, closed, four- wheeled carriage, having doors in the sides, and generally a front and back seat inside, each for two persons, and an elevated outside seat in front for the driver. Coaches have a variety of forms, and differ in respect to the number of persons they can carry. Mail coaches and tallyho coaches often have three or more seats inside, each for two or three persons, and seats outside, sometimes for twelve or more.
2. A special tutor who assists in preparing a student for examination; a trainer; esp. one who trains a boat’s crew for a race. [Colloq.]
"Wareham was studying for India with a Wancester coach." - G. Eliot.
3. (Naut.) A cabin on the after part of the quarter-deck, usually occupied by the captain. [Written also couch.] [Obs.]
"The commanders came on board and the council sat in the coach." - Pepys.
4. (Railroad) A first-class passenger car, as distinguished from a drawing-room car, sleeping car, etc. It is sometimes loosely applied to any passenger car.

Coach, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coached p. pr. & vb. n. Coaching.]
1. To convey in a coach. Pope.
2. To prepare for public examination by private instruction; to train by special instruction. [Colloq.]
"I coached him before he got his scholarship." - G. Eliot.

Coach, v. i. To drive or to ride in a coach; — sometimes used with it. [Colloq.] "Coaching it to all quarters." E. Waterhouse.

Coachbox
Coach´box The seat of a coachman.

Coachdog
Coach´dog ( 115). (Zoöl.) One of a breed of dogs trained to accompany carriages; the Dalmatian dog.

Coachee
Coach´ee, n. A coachman [Slang]

Coacher
Coach´er, n.
1. A coachman. [Obs.]
2. A coach horse.
3. One who coaches; specif. (Baseball), one of the side at the bat posted near first or third base to direct a base runner.

Coachfellow
Coach´fel•low, n. One of a pair of horses employed to draw a coach; hence (Fig.), a comrade. Shak.

Coachman
Coach´man, n. ; pl. Coachmen (#).
1. A man whose business is to drive a coach or carriage.
2. (Zoöl.) A tropical fish of the Atlantic ocean ( Dutes auriga); — called also charioteer. The name refers to a long, lashlike spine of the dorsal fin.

Coachmanship
Coach´man•ship, n. Skill in driving a coach.

Coachwhip snake
Coach"whip• snake" (Zoöl.) A large, slender, harmless snake of the southern United States ( Masticophis flagelliformis). Its long and tapering tail has the scales so arranged and colored as to give it a braided appearance, whence the name.

Coact
Co•act´, v. t. [L. coactare, intens. fr. cogere, coactum, to force. See Cogent.] To force; to compel; to drive. [Obs.]
"The faith and service of Christ ought to be voluntary and not coacted." - Foxe.

Coact
Co•act´, v. i. [Pref. co- + act, v. i.] To act together; to work in concert; to unite. [Obs.]
"But if I tell you how these two did coact." - Shak.

Coaction
Co•ac´tion, n. [L. coactio.] Force; compulsion, either in restraining or impelling. Sojth.

Coactive
Co•ac´tive, a. [In sense 1, fr. 1st Coact; in sense 2, fr. 2d Coact.]
1. Serving to compel or constrain; compulsory; restrictive.
"Any coactive power or the civil kind." - Bp. Warburton.
2. Acting in concurrence; united in action.
"With what’s unreal thou coactive art." - Shak.

Coactivity
Co•ac•tiv´i•ty, n. Unity of action.

Coadaptation
Co•ad•ap•ta´tion, n. Mutual adaption. R. Owen.

Coadapted
Co•a•dapt´ed, a. Adapted one to another; as coadapted pulp and tooth. R. Owen.

Coadjument
Co•ad´ju•ment, n. Mutual help; coöperation. [R.] Johnson.

Coadjust
Co•ad•just´, v. t. To adjust by mutual adaptations. R. Owen.

Coadjustment
Co•ad•just´ment, n. Mutual adjustment.

Coadjutant
Co•ad´ju•tant, a. Mutually assisting or operating; helping. J. Philips.

Coadjutant
Co•ad´ju•tant, n. An assistant. R. North.

Coadjuting
Co•ad´ju•ting, a. Mutually assisting. [Obs.] Drayton.

Coadjutive
Co•ad´ju•tive, a. Rendering mutual aid; coadjutant. Feltham.

Coadjutor
Co•ad•ju´tor, n. [L. See Co-, and Aid.]
1. One who aids another; an assistant; a coworker.
"Craftily outwitting her perjured coadjutor." - Sheridan.
2. (R. C. Ch.) The assistant of a bishop or of a priest holding a benefice.

Coadjuvancy
Co•ad´ju•van•cy, n. Joint help; coöperation. Sir T. Browne.

Coadjuvant
Co•ad´ju•vant, a. Coöperating.

Coadjuvant
Co•ad´ju•vant, n. (Med.) An adjuvant.

Coadunate
Co•ad´u•nate ( 135), a. [L. coadunatus, p. p. of coadunare to unite. See Adunation.] (Bot.) United at the base, as contiguous lobes of a leaf.

Coadunition
Co•ad•u•ni´tion, n. [Pref. co- + pref. ad- + unition.] Coadunation. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

Coadventure
Co•ad•ven´ture ( 135), n. An adventure in which two or more persons are partakers.

Coadventure
Co•ad•ven´ture, v. i. To share in a venture. Howell.

Coadventurer
Co•ad•ven´tur•er, n. A fellow adventurer.

Coafforest
Co•af•for´est, v. t. To convert into, or add to, a forest. Howell.

Coag, n. See Coak, a kind of tenon.

Coagent
Co•a´gent, n. An associate in an act; a coworker. Drayton.

Coagment
Co•ag•ment´, v. t. [L. coagmentare, fr. coagmentum a joining together, fr. cogere. See Cogent.] To join together. [Obs.] Glanvill.

Coagulability
Co•ag•u•la•bil´i•ty, n. The quality of being coagulable; capacity of being coagulated. Ure.

Coagulable
Co•ag´u•la•ble, a. Capable of being coagulated. Boyle.

Coagulant
Co•ag´u•lant, n. [L. coagulans, p. pr.] That which produces coagulation.

Coagulate
Co•ag´u•late, a. [L. coagulatus, p. p. of coagulare to coagulate, fr. coagulum means of coagulation, fr. cogere, coactum, to drive together, coagulate. See Cogent.] Coagulated. [Obs.] Shak.

Coagulate
Co•ag´u•late, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coagulated p. pr. & vb. n. Coagulating ] To cause (a liquid) to change into a curdlike or semisolid state, not by evaporation but by some kind of chemical reaction; to curdle; as rennet coagulates milk; heat coagulates the white of an egg.

Coagulate
Co•ag´u•late, v. i. To undergo coagulation. Boyle.
Syn. — To thicken; concrete; curdle; clot; congeal.

Coagulated
Co•ag´u•la•ted, a. Changed into, or contained in, a coagulum or a curdlike mass; curdled. Coagulated proteid (Physiol. Chem.), one of a class of bodies formed in the coagulation of a albuminous substance by heat, acids, or other agents.

Coagulation
Co•ag•u•la´tion, n. [L. coagulatio.]
1. The change from a liquid to a thickened, curdlike, insoluble state, not by evaporation, but by some kind of chemical reaction; as the spontaneous coagulation of freshly drawn blood; the coagulation of milk by rennet, or acid, and the coagulation of egg albumin by heat. Coagulation is generally the change of an albuminous body into an insoluble modification.
2. The substance or body formed by coagulation.

Coagulative
Co•ag´u•la•tive, a. Having the power to cause coagulation; as a coagulative agent. Boyle.

Coagulator
Co•ag´u•la•tor, n. That which causes coagulation. Hixley.

Coagulatory
Co•ag´u•la•to•ry, a. Serving to coagulate; produced by coagulation; as coagulatory effects. Boyle.

Coagulum
Co•ag´u•lum, n. ; pl. Coagula (#). [L. See Coagulate, a. ] The thick, curdy precipitate formed by the coagulation of albuminous matter; any mass of coagulated matter, as a clot of blood.

Coak (kok), n. See Coke, n.

Coak, n.
1. (Carp.) A kind of tenon connecting the face of a scarfed timber with the face of another timber, or a dowel or pin of hard wood or iron uniting timbers. [Also spelt coag.]
2. A metallic bushing or strengthening piece in the center of a wooden block sheave.

Coak, v. t. (Carp.) To unite, as timbers, by means of tenons or dowels in the edges or faces. Totten.

Coal, n. [AS. col; akin to D. kool, OHG. chol, cholo, G. kohle, Icel. kol, pl., Sw. kol, Dan. kul; cf. Skr. jval to burn. Cf. Kiln, Collier.]
1. A thoroughly charred, and extinguished or still ignited, fragment from wood or other combustible substance; charcoal.
2. (Min.) A black, or brownish black, solid, combustible substance, dug from beds or veins in the earth to be used for fuel, and consisting, like charcoal, mainly of carbon, but more compact, and often affording, when heated, a large amount of volatile matter. This word is often used adjectively, or as the first part of self-explaining compounds; as coal-black; coal formation; coal scuttle; coal ship. etc. In England the plural coals is used, for the broken mineral coal burned in grates, etc.; as to put coals on the fire. In the United States the singular in a collective sense is the customary usage; as a hod of coal. Age of coal plants. See Age of Acrogens, under Acrogen. — Anthracite or Glance coal. See Anthracite. — Bituminous coal. See under Bituminous. — Blind coal. See under Blind. — Brown coal, or Lignite. See Lignite. — Caking coal, a bituminous coal, which softens and becomes pasty or semi-viscid when heated. On increasing the heat, the volatile products are driven off, and a coherent, grayish black, cellular mass of coke is left. — Cannel coal, a very compact bituminous coal, of fine texture and dull luster. See Cannel coal. — Coal bed (Geol.), a layer or stratum of mineral coal. — Coal breaker, a structure including machines and machinery adapted for crushing, cleansing, and assorting coal. — Coal field (Geol.), a region in which deposits of coal occur. Such regions have often a basinlike structure, and are hence called coal basins. See Basin. — Coal gas, a variety of carbureted hydrogen, procured from bituminous coal, used in lighting streets, houses, etc., and for cooking and heating. — Coal heaver, a man employed in carrying coal, and esp. in putting it in, and discharging it from, ships. — Coal measures. (Geol.) (a) Strata of coal with the attendant rocks. (b) A subdivision of the carboniferous formation, between the millstone grit below and the Permian formation above, and including nearly all the workable coal beds of the world. — Coal oil, a general name for mineral oils; petroleum. — Coal plant (Geol.), one of the remains or impressions of plants found in the strata of the coal formation. — Coal tar. See in the Vocabulary. — To haul over the coals, to call to account; to scold or censure. [Colloq.] — Wood coal. See Lignite.

Coal, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coaled p. pr. & vb. n. Coaling.]
1. To burn to charcoal; to char. [R.]
"Charcoal of roots, coaled into great pieces." - Bacon.
2. To mark or delineate with charcoal. Camden.
3. To supply with coal; as to coal a steamer.

Coal, v. i. To take in coal; as the steamer coaled at Southampton.

Coal tar
Coal" tar A thick, black, tarry liquid, obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal in the manufacture of illuminating gas; used for making printer’s ink, black varnish, etc. It is a complex mixture from which many substances have been obtained, especially hydrocarbons of the benzene or aromatic series. Among its important ingredients are benzene, aniline, phenol, naphtalene, anthracene, etc., which are respectively typical of many dye stuffs, as the aniline dyes, the phthaleïns, indigo, alizarin, and many flavoring extracts whose artificial production is a matter of great commercial importance.

Coal works
Coal" works A place where coal is dug, including the machinery for raising the coal.

Coal-black
Coal´-black (-blak•), a. As black as coal; jet black; very black. Dryden.

Coalery
Coal´er•y, n. [Obs.] See Colliery.

Coalescent
Co•a•les´cent, a. [L. coalescens, p. pr.] Growing together; cohering, as in the organic cohesion of similar parts; uniting.

Coalfish
Coal´fish, n. [Named from the dark color of the back.] (Zoöl.) (a) The pollock; — called also coalsey, colemie, colmey, coal whiting, etc. See Pollock. (b) The beshow or candlefish of Alaska. (c) The cobia.

Coalite
Co´a•lite, v. i. [L. coalitus, p. p. of coalescere. See Coalesce.] To unite or coalesce. [Obs.]
"Let them continue to coalite." - Bolingbroke.

Coalite
Co´a•lite, v. t. To cause to unite or coalesce. [Obs.]
"Time has by degrees blended … and coalited the conquered with the conquerors." - Burke.

Coalition
Co•a•li´tion, n. [LL. coalitio: cf. F. coalition. See Coalesce.]
1. The act of coalescing; union into a body or mass, as of separate bodies or parts; as a coalition of atoms. Bentley.
2. A combination, for temporary purposes, of persons, parties, or states, having different interests.
"A coalition of the puritan and the blackleg." - J. Randolph.
"The coalition between the religious and worldly enemies of popery." - Macaulay.
Syn. — Alliance; confederation; confederacy; league; combination; conjunction; conspiracy; union.

Coalitionist
Co•a•li´tion•ist, n. One who joins or promotes a coalition; one who advocates coalition.

Co-ally
Co•-al•ly´, n. ; pl. Co-allies (#). A joint ally. Kent.

Coal-meter
Coal´-me•ter, n. A licensed or official coal measurer in London. See Meter. Simmonds.

Coalpit
Coal´pit, n.
1. A pit where coal is dug.
2. A place where charcoal is made. [U. S.]

Coalsack
Coal´sack, n. [ Coal + 2d sack.] (Astron.) Any one of the spaces in the Milky Way which are very black, owing to the nearly complete absence of stars; esp., the large space near the Southern Cross sometimes called the Black Magellanic Cloud.

Coal-whipper
Coal´-whip•per, n. One who raises coal out of the hold of a ship. [Eng.] Dickens.

Coaly
Coal´y, a. [From Coal, n. ] Pertaining to, or resembling, coal; containing coal; of the nature of coal.

Coaptation
Co•ap•ta´tion, n. [L. coaptatio, fr. coaptare to fit together; co- + aptare. See Aptate.] The adaptation or adjustment of parts to each other, as of a broken bone or dislocated joint. { Co•arct´, Co•arc´tate }, v. t. [See Coarctate, a. ]
1. To press together; to crowd; to straiten; to confine closely. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. To restrain; to confine. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

Coarse (kors), a. [ Compar. Coarser (kors"er); superl. Coarsest.] [As this word was anciently written course, or cours, it may be an abbreviation of of course, in the common manner of proceeding, common, and hence, homely, made for common domestic use, plain, rude, rough, gross, e. g., "Though the threads be course." Gascoigne. See Course.]
1. Large in bulk, or composed of large parts or particles; of inferior quality or appearance; not fine in material or close in texture; gross; thick; rough; — opposed to fine; as coarse sand; coarse thread; coarse cloth; coarse bread.
2. Not refined; rough; rude; unpolished; gross; indelicate; as coarse manners; coarse language.
"I feel Of what coarse metal ye are molded." - Shak.
"To copy, in my coarse English, his beautiful expressions." - Dryden.
Syn. — Large; thick; rough; gross; blunt; uncouth; unpolished; inelegant; indelicate; vulgar.

Coarsely
Coarse´ly, adv. In a coarse manner; roughly; rudely; inelegantly; uncivilly; meanly.

Coarsen
Coars´en (kors"’n), v. t. To make coarse or vulgar; as to coarsen one’s character. [R.] Graham.

Coarseness
Coarse´ness (kors"nes), n. The quality or state of being coarse; roughness; inelegance; vulgarity; grossness; as coarseness of food, texture, manners, or language. "The coarseness of the sackcloth." Dr. H. More.
"Pardon the coarseness of the illustration. L’Estrange."
"A coarseness and vulgarity in all the proceedings." - Burke.

Coarticulation
Co•ar•tic•u•la´tion, n. (Anat.) The union or articulation of bones to form a joint.

Co-assessor
Co•-as•sess´or, n. A joint assessor.

Coast, n. [OF. coste, F. côte, rib, hill, shore, coast, L. costa rib, side. Cf. Accost, v. t., Cutlet.]
1. The side of a thing. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton.
2. The exterior line, limit, or border of a country; frontier border. [Obs.]
"From the river, the river Euphrates, even to the uttermost sea, shall your coast be." - Deut. xi. 24.
3. The seashore, or land near it.
"He sees in English ships the Holland coast." - Dryden.
"We the Arabian coast do know At distance, when the species blow." - Waller.
The coast is clear, the danger is over; no enemy in sight. Dryden. Fig.: There are no obstacles. "Seeing that the coast was clear, Zelmane dismissed Musidorus." Sir P. Sidney. — Coast guard. (a) A body of men originally employed along the coast to prevent smuggling; now, under the control of the admiralty, drilled as a naval reserve. [Eng.] (b) The force employed in life-saving stations along the seacoast. [U. S.] — Coast rat (Zoöl.), a South African mammal ( Bathyergus suillus), about the size of a rabbit, remarkable for its extensive burrows; — called also sand mole. — Coast waiter, a customhouse officer who superintends the landing or shipping of goods for the coast trade. [Eng.]

Coast, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Coasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Coasting.] [OE. costien, costeien, costen, OF. costier, costoier, F. côtoyer, fr. Of. coste coast, F. côte. See Coast, n. ]
1. To draw or keep near; to approach. [Obs.]
"Anon she hears them chant it lustily, And all in haste she coasteth to the cry." - Shak.
2. To sail by or near the shore.
"The ancients coasted only in their navigation." - Arbuthnot.
3. To sail from port to port in the same country.
4. [Cf. OF. coste, F. côte, hill, hillside.] To slide down hill; to slide on a sled, upon snow or ice. [Local, U. S.]

Coast, v. t.
1. To draw near to; to approach; to keep near, or by the side of. [Obs.] Hakluyt.
2. To sail by or near; to follow the coast line of.
"Nearchus, … not knowing the compass, was fain to coast that shore." - Sir T. Browne.
3. To conduct along a coast or river bank. [Obs.]
"The Indians … coasted me along the river." - Hakluyt.

Coast and Geodetic Survey. A bureau of the United States government charged with the topographic and hydrographic survey of the coast and the execution of belts of primary triangulation and lines of precise leveling in the interior. It now belongs to the Department of Commerce and Labor.

Coastal
Coast´al, a. Of or pertaining to a coast.

Coaster
Coast´er, n.
1. A vessel employed in sailing along a coast, or engaged in the coasting trade.
2. One who sails near the shore.

Coasting
Coast´ing, a. Sailing along or near a coast, or running between ports along a coast. Coasting trade, trade carried on by water between neighboring ports of the same country, as distinguished from foreign trade or trade involving long voyages. — Coasting vessel, a vessel employed in coasting; a coaster.

Coasting
Coast´ing, n.
1. A sailing along a coast, or from port to port; a carrying on a coasting trade.
2. Sliding down hill; sliding on a sled upon snow or ice. [Local, U. S.] { Coast´wise• (-wiz•), Coast´ways• } adv. By way of, or along, the coast.

Coat (kot; 110), n. [OF. cote, F. cotte, petticoat, cotte d’armes coat of arms, cotte de mailles coat of mail, LL. cota, cotta, tunic, prob. of German origin; cf. OHG. chozzo coarse mantle, G. klotze, D. kot, hut, E. cot. Cf. Cot a hut.]
1. An outer garment fitting the upper part of the body; especially, such a garment worn by men.
"Let each His adamantine coat gird well." - Milton.
2. A petticoat. [Obs.] "A child in coats." Locke.
3. The habit or vesture of an order of men, indicating the order or office; cloth.
"Men of his coat should be minding their prayers." - Swift.
"She was sought by spirits of richest coat." - Shak.
4. An external covering like a garment, as fur, skin, wool, husk, or bark; as the horses coats were sleek.
"Fruit of all kinds, in coat Rough or smooth rined, or bearded husk, or shell." - Milton.
5. A layer of any substance covering another; a cover; a tegument; as the coats of the eye; the coats of an onion; a coat of tar or varnish.
6. Same as Coat of arms. See below.
"Hark, countrymen! either renew the fight, Or tear the lions out of England’s coat." - Shak.
7. A coat card. See below. [Obs.]
"Here’s a trick of discarded cards of us! We were ranked with coats as long as old master lived." - Massinger.
Coat armor. See under Armor. — Coat of arms (Her.), a translation of the French cotte d’armes, a garment of light material worn over the armor in the 15th and 16th centuries. This was often charged with the heraldic bearings of the wearer. Hence, an heraldic achievement; the bearings of any person, taken together. — Coat card, a card bearing a coated figure; the king, queen, or knave of playing cards. "•I am a coat card indeed.’ •Then thou must needs be a knave, for thou art neither king nor queen.’" Rowley. — Coat link, a pair of buttons or studs joined by a link, to hold together the lappels of a double-breasted coat; or a button with a loop for a single-breasted coat. — Coat of mail, a defensive garment of chain mail. See Chain mail, under Chain. — Mast coat (Naut.), a piece of canvas nailed around a mast, where it passes through the deck, to prevent water from getting below. — Sail coat (Naut.), a canvas cover laced over furled sails, and the like, to keep them dry and clean.

Coat, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coated; p. pr. & vb. n. Coating.]
1. To cover with a coat or outer garment.
2. To cover with a layer of any substance; as to coat a jar with tin foil; to coat a ceiling.

Coati
Co•a´ti (ko•ä"te or ko•a"ti), n. [From the native name: cf. F. coati.] (Zoöl.) A mammal of tropical America of the genus Nasua, allied to the raccoon, but with a longer body, tail, and nose. The red coati ( N. socialis), called also coati mondi, inhabits Mexico and Central America. The brown coati ( N. narica) is found in Surinam and Brazil.

Coating
Coat´ing, n.
1. A coat or covering; a layer of any substance, as a cover or protection; as the coating of a retort or vial.
2. Cloth for coats; as an assortment of coatings.

Coatless
Coat´less, a. Not wearing a coat; also not possessing a coat.

Coax ( 110), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coaxed p. pr. & vb. n. Coaxing.] [Cf. OE. cokes fool, a person easily imposed upon, W. coeg empty, foolish; F. coquin knave, rogue.] To persuade by gentle, insinuating courtesy, flattering, or fondling; to wheedle; to soothe.
Syn. — To wheedle; cajole; flatter; persuade; entice.

Coax, n. A simpleton; a dupe. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Coaxation
Co•ax•a´tion, n. [Gr. the noise of frogs.] The act of croaking. [R] Dr. H. More.

Coaxer
Coax´er, n. One who coaxes.

Coaxingly
Coax´ing•ly, adv. In a coaxing manner; by coaxing.

Cob (kob), n. [Cf. AS. cop, copp, head, top, D. kop, G. kopf, kuppe, LL. cuppa cup (cf. E. brainpan), and also W. cob tuft, spider, cop, copa, top, summit, cobio to thump. Cf. Cop top, Cup, n. ]
1. The top or head of anything. [Obs.] W. Gifford.
2. A leader or chief; a conspicuous person, esp. a rich covetous person. [Obs.]
"All cobbing country chuffs, which make their bellies and their bags their god, are called rich cobs." - Nash.
3. The axis on which the kernels of maize or indian corn grow. [U. S.]
4. (Zoöl.) A spider; perhaps from its shape; it being round like a head.
5. (Zoöl.) A young herring. B. Jonson.
6. (Zoöl.) A fish; — also called miller’s thumb.
7. A short-legged and stout horse, esp. one used for the saddle. [Eng.]
8. (Zoöl.) A sea mew or gull; esp., the black-backed gull ( Larus marinus). [Written also cobb.]
9. A lump or piece of anything, usually of a somewhat large size, as of coal, or stone.
10. A cobnut; as Kentish cobs. See Cobnut. [Eng.]
11. Clay mixed with straw. [Prov. Eng.]
"The poor cottager contenteth himself with cob for his walls, and thatch for his covering." - R. Carew.
12. A punishment consisting of blows inflicted on the buttocks with a strap or a flat piece of wood. Wright.
13. A Spanish coin formerly current in Ireland, worth abiut 4s. 6d. [Obs.] Wright. Cob coal, coal in rounded lumps from the size of an egg to that of a football; — called also cobbles. Grose. — Cob loaf, a crusty, uneven loaf, rounded at top. Wright. — Cob money, a kind of rudely coined gold and silver money of Spanish South America in the eighteenth century. The coins were of the weight of the piece of eight, or one of its aliquot parts.

Cob, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cobbed p. pr. & vb. n. Cobbing.]
1. To strike [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
2. (Mining) To break into small pieces, as ore, so as to sort out its better portions. Raymond.
3. (Naut.) To punish by striking on the buttocks with a strap, a flat piece of wood, or the like.

Cobalt
Co´balt (ko"bolt; 277, 74), n. [G. kobalt, prob. fr. kobold, kobel, goblin, MHG. kobolt; perh. akin to G. koben pigsty, hut, AS. cofa room, cofgodas household gods, Icel. kofi hut. If so, the ending - old stands for older -walt, -wald, being the same as -ald in E. herald and the word would mean ruler or governor in a house, house spirit, the metal being so called by miners, because it was poisonous and troublesome. Cf. Kobold, Cove, Goblin.]
1. (Chem.) A tough, lustrous, reddish white metal of the iron group, not easily fusible, and somewhat magnetic. Atomic weight 59.1. Symbol Co. It occurs in nature in combination with arsenic, sulphur, and oxygen, and is obtained from its ores, smaltite, cobaltite, asbolite, etc. Its oxide colors glass or any flux, as borax, a fine blue, and is used in the manufacture of smalt. It is frequently associated with nickel, and both are characteristic ingredients of meteoric iron.
2. A commercial name of a crude arsenic used as fly poison. Cobalt bloom. Same as Erythrite. — Cobalt blue, a dark blue pigment consisting of some salt of cobalt, as the phosphate, ignited with alumina; — called also cobalt ultramarine, and Thenard’s blue. — Cobalt crust, earthy arseniate of cobalt. — Cobalt glance. (Min.) See Cobaltite. — Cobalt green, a pigment consisting essentially of the oxides of cobalt and zinc; — called also Rinman’s green. — Cobalt yellow (Chem.), a yellow crystalline powder, regarded as a double nitrite of cobalt and potassium.

Cobaltiferous
Co•balt•if´er•ous, a. [ Cobalt + -ferous.] (Min.) Containing cobalt. { Co´balt•ine, Co´balt•ite } n. (Min.) A mineral of a nearly silver-white color, composed of arsenic, sulphur, and cobalt.

Cobaltous
Co•balt´ous, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cobalt; — said esp. of cobalt compounds in which the metal has its lower valence. Cobaltous chloride, a crystalline compound, CoCl₂, of a pale rose color when hydrous, blue when dehydrated. Its solution is used for a sympathetic ink, the writing being nearly colorless when dried in the air, owing to absorbed moisture, and becoming bright blue when warmed.

Cobbing
Cob´bing, a. Haughty; purse-proud. See Cob, n. , 2. [Obs.] Withals (1608).

Cobby
Cob´by, a. [From Cob, n. ]
1. Headstrong; obstinate. [Obs.] Brockett.
2. Stout; hearty; lively. [Obs.]

Cobia
Co´bi•a, n. (Zoöl.) An oceanic fish of large size ( Elacate canada); the crabeater; — called also bonito, cubbyyew, coalfish, and sergeant fish.

Cobiron
Cob´i•ron, n. [From Cob the top.] An andiron with a knob at the top. Bacon.

Coble
Co´ble, n. [AS. cuopel; cf. W. ceubal skiff, ferryboat.] A flat-floored fishing boat with a lug sail, and a drop rudder extending from two to four feet below the keel. It was originally used on the stormy coast of Yorkshire, England.

Cobnut
Cob´nut, n.
1. (Com.) A large roundish variety of the cultivated hazelnut.
2. A game played by children with nuts.

Coboose
Co•boose´, n. See Caboose.

Cobra
Co´bra, n. See Copra.

Cobra
Co´bra, n. The cobra de capello.

Cobra de capello
Co"bra de ca•pel"lo [Pg., serpent of the hood.] (Zoöl.) The hooded snake ( Naia tripudians), a highly venomous serpent inhabiting India.

Cobstone
Cob´stone, n. Cobblestone. [Prov. Eng.]

Cobswan
Cob´swan, n. A large swan. B. Jonson.

Cobwall
Cob´wall, n. [ Cob clay mixed with straw + wall.] A wall made of clay mixed with straw.

Cobweb
Cob´web, n. [ Cob a spider + web.]
1. The network spread by a spider to catch its prey.
2. A snare of insidious meshes designed to catch the ignorant and unwary.
"I can not but lament thy splendid wit Entangled in the cobwebs of the schools." - Cowper.
3. That which is thin and unsubstantial, or flimsy and worthless; rubbish.
"The dust and cobwebs of that uncivil age." - Sir P. Sidney.
4. (Zoöl.) The European spotted flycatcher. Cobweb lawn, a fine linen, mentioned in 1640 as being in pieces of fifteen yards. Beck. Draper’s Dict.
"Such a proud piece of cobweb lawn. Beau. & Fl." — Cobweb micrometer, a micrometer in which threads of cobweb are substituted for wires.

Cobwebbed
Cob´webbed, a. Abounding in cobwebs. "The cobwebbed cottage." Young.

Cobwebby
Cob´web•by, a. Abounding in cobwebs, or any fine web; resembling a cobweb.

Cobwork
Cob´work, a. Built of logs, etc., laid horizontally, with the ends dovetailed together at the corners, as in a log house; in marine work, often surrounding a central space filled with stones; as a cobwork dock or breakwater.

Coca
Co´ca, n. [Sp., fr. native name.] The dried leaf of a South American shrub ( Erythroxylon Coca). In med., called Erythroxylon. Coca leaves resemble tea leaves in size, shape, and odor, and are chewed (with an alkali) by natives of Peru and Bolivia to impart vigor in prolonged exertion, or to sustain strength in absence of food. Mexican coca, an American herb ( Richardsonia scabra), yielding a nutritious fodder. Its roots are used as a substitute for ipecacuanha.

Cocagne
Coc•agne´, n. [F. cocagne, pays de cocagne; of uncertian origin, cf. Prov. F. couque cake, Catal. coca, L. coquere to cook; as if the houses in this country were covered with cakes. Cf. Cook, Cockney.]
1. An imaginary country of idleness and luxury.
2. The land of cockneys; cockneydom; — a term applied to London and its suburbs. Smart.

Cocainism
Co•ca´in•ism, n. (Med.) A morbid condition produced by the habitual and excessive use of cocaine. — Co•ca´in•ist, n.

Cocainize
Co•ca´in•ize, v. t. To treat or anaesthetize with cocaine. — Co•ca•in•i•za´tion (#), n.

Cocciferous
Coc•cif´er•ous, a. [L. coccum a berry + -ferous. See Coccus.] Bearing or producing berries; bacciferous; as cocciferous trees or plants.

Coccolite
Coc´co•lite, n. [Gr. a grain, seed + -lite: cf. F. coccalite.] (Min.) A granular variety of pyroxene, green or white in color.

Coccolith
Coc´co•lith, n. [Gr. a grain, seed + -lith.] (Biol.) One of a kind of minute, calcareous bodies, probably vegetable, often abundant in deep-sea mud.

Coccosphere
Coc´co•sphere, n. [Gr. a grain, seed + E. sphere.] (Biol.) A small, rounded, marine organism, capable of braking up into coccoliths.

Coccosteus
Coc•cos´te•us, n. [NL., from Gr. grain, seed + bone.] (Paleon.) An extinct genus of Devonian ganoid fishes, having the broad plates about the head studded with berrylike tubercles.

Cocculus Indicus
Coc"cu•lus In"di•cus, n. [NL. cocculus (dim. of L. coccum kermes berry) + L. Indicus of India.] (Bot.) The fruit or berry of the Anamirta Cocculus, a climbing plant of the East Indies. It is a poisonous narcotic and stimulant.

Coccus
Coc´cus, n. ; pl. Cocci (#). [NL., fr. Gr. grain, seed. See Cochineal.]
1. (Bot.) One of the separable carpels of a dry fruit.
2. (Zoöl.) A genus of hemipterous insects, including scale insects, and the cochineal insect ( Coccus cacti).
3. (Biol.) A form of bacteria, shaped like a globule.

Coccygeous
Coc•cyg´e•ous, a. Coccygeal. [R.]

Coccyx
Coc´cyx, n. ; pl. L. Coccyges (#). [L., cuckoo, Gr., cuckoo, coccyx. So called from its resemblance to the beak of a cuckoo.] (Anat.) The end of the vertebral column beyond the sacrum in man and tailless monkeys. It is composed of several vertebrae more or less consolidated.

Cochin fowl
Co"chin fowl, (Zoöl.) A large variety of the domestic fowl, originally from Cochin China (Anam).

Cochineal
Coch´i•neal (koch"i•nel; 277), [Sp. cochinilla, dim. from L. coccineus, coccinus, scarlet, fr. coccum the kermes berry, G. ko•kkos berry, especially the kermes insect, used to dye scarlet, as the cochineal was formerly supposed to be the grain or seed of a plant, and this word was formerly defined to be the grain of the Quercus coccifera; but cf. also Sp. cochinilla wood louse, dim. of cochina sow, akin to F. cochon pig.] A dyestuff consisting of the dried bodies of females of the Coccus cacti, an insect native in Mexico, Central America, etc., and found on several species of cactus, esp. Opuntia cochinellifera. These insects are gathered from the plant, killed by the application of heat, and exposed to the sun to dry. When dried they resemble small, rough berries or seeds, of a brown or purple color, and form the cochineal of the shops, which is used for making carmine, and also as a red dye. Cochineal contains as its essential coloring matter carminic acid, a purple red amorphous substance which yields carmine red.

Cochineal fig
Coch"i•neal fig, (Bot.) A plant of Central and Southern America, of the Cactus family, extensively cultivated for the sake of the cochineal insect, which lives on it.

Cochlea
Coch´le•a (kok"le•a), n. [L., a snail, or snail shell, Gr. kochli•as a snail, fr. ko•chlos a shellfish with a spiral shell.] (Anat.) An appendage of the labyrinth of the internal ear, which is elongated and coiled into a spiral in mammals. See Ear.

Cochleare
Coch•le•a´re, n. [L.]
1. A spoon. Andrews.
2. (Med) A spoonful. Dungleson.

Cochleariform
Coch•le•ar´i•form, a. [ Cochleare + -form.] Spoon-shaped.

Cochleary
Coch´le•a•ry, a. [L. cochlearum penfor snails (meaning formerly given, snail shell). See Cjchlea.] Same as Cochleate. { Coch´le•ate, Coch´le•a•ted } a. [L. cochleatus spiral or screw- formed. See Cochlea.] Having the form of a snail shell; spiral; turbinated.

Cockade
Cock•ade´ (kok•ad"), n. [F. cocarble, fr. coquard vain, OF. coquart, fr. coq cock, prob. of imitative origin. The ornament is so named from its resemblance to the crest of a cock. Cf. Coquette.] A badge, usually in the form of a rosette, or knot, and generally worn upon the hat; — used as an indication of military or naval service, or party allegiance, and in England as a part of the livery to indicate that the wearer is the servant of a military or naval officer.
"Seduced by military liveries and cockades." - Burke.

Cock-a-hoop
Cock•-a-hoop´, a. Boastful; defiant; exulting. Also used adverbially.

Cockal
Cock´al (kok"al), n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
1. A game played with sheep’s bones instead of dice [Obs.]
2. The bone used in playing the game; — called also huckle bone. [Obs.] Nares.
"A little transverse bone Which boys and bruckeled children call (Playing for points and pins) cockal." - Herrick.

Cockaleekie
Cock•a•leek´ie (kok•a•le"ki), n. [From cock + leek.] A favorite soup in Scotland, made from a capon highly seasoned, and boiled with leeks and prunes.

Cockamaroo
Cock•a•ma•roo´, n. The Russian variety of bagatelle.

Cockateel
Cock´a•teel (kok•a•tel"), n. (Zoöl.) An Australian parrot ( Calopsitta Novae-Hollandiae); — so called from its note.

Cockatoo
Cock•a•too´ (kok•a•too"), n. [Malayan kakatua.] (Zoöl.) A bird of the Parrot family, of the subfamily Cacatuinae, having a short, strong, and much curved beak, and the head ornamented with a crest, which can be raised or depressed at will. There are several genera and many species; as the broad-crested ( Plictolophus, or Cacatua, cristatus), the sulphur-crested ( P. galeritus), etc. The palm or great black cockatoo of Australia is Microglossus aterrimus.

Cockatrice
Cock´a•trice (-tris; 277), n. [OF. cocatrice crocodile, F. cocatrix, cocatrice. The word is a corruption from the same source as E. crocodile, but was confused with cock the bird, F. coq, whence arose the fable that the animal was produced from a cock’s egg. See Crocodile.]
1. A fabulous serpent whose breath and look were said to be fatal. See Basilisk.
"That bare vowel, I, shall poison more Than the death-darting eye of cockatrice." - Shak.
2. (Her.) A representation of this serpent. It has the head, wings, and legs of a bird, and tail of a serpent.
3. (Script.) A venomous serpent which which cannot now be identified.
"The weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice’s [Rev. Ver. basilisk’s] den." - Is. xi. 8.
4. Any venomous or deadly thing.
"This little cockatrice of a king." - Bacon.

Cockchafer
Cock´chaf•er, n. [See Chafer the beetle.] (Zoöl.) A beetle of the genus Melolontha (esp. M. vulgaris) and allied genera; — called also May bug, chafer, or dorbeetle. { Cock´crow, Cock´crow•ing } n. The time at which cocks first crow; the early morning.

Cockerel
Cock´er•el, n. [Prob. a double dim. of cock.] A young cock.

Cocket
Cock´et, a. [F. coquet coquettish. See Coquette, n. ] Pert; saucy. [Obs.] Halliwell.

Cocket
Cock´et, n.
1. (Eng. Law) A customhouse seal; a certified document given to a shipper as a warrant that his goods have been duly entered and have paid duty.
2. An office in a customhouse where goods intended for export are entered. [Eng.]
3. A measure for bread. [Obs.] Blount.

Cockeye
Cock´eye, n. [From cock to turn up.] A squinting eye. Forby.

Cockeye
Cock´eye, n. (Mach.) The socket in the ball of a millstone, which sits on the cockhead.

Cockfight
Cock´fight, n. A match or contest of gamecocks.

Cockfighting
Cock´fight•ing, n. The act or practice of pitting gamecocks to fight.

Cockfighting
Cock´fight•ing, a. Addicted to cockfighting.

Cockhead
Cock´head, n. (Mach.) The rounded or pointed top of a grinding mill spindle, forming a pivot on which the stone is balanced.

Cockhorse
Cock´horse, n.
1. A child’s rocking-horse.
"Ride a cockhorse to Banbury cross." - Mother Goose.
2. A high or tall horse. [R.]

Cockhorse
Cock´horse, a.
1. Lifted up, as one is on a tall horse.
2. Lofty in feeling; exultant; proud; upstart.
"Our painted fools and cockhorse peasantry." - Marlowe.

Cockieleekie
Cock•ie•leek´ie, n. Same as Cockaleekie.

Cockle
Coc´kle (kok"k’l), n. [OE. cockes cockles, AS. saecoccas sea cockles, prob, from Celtic; cf. W. cocs cockles, Gael. cochull husk. Perh. influenced by F. coquille shell, a dim. from the root of E. conch. Cf. Coach.]
1. (Zoöl.) A bivalve mollusk, with radiating ribs, of the genus Cardium, especially C. edule, used in Europe for food; — sometimes applied to similar shells of other genera.
2. A cockleshell.
3. The mineral black tourmaline or schorl; — so called by the Cornish miners. Raymond.
4. The fire chamber of a furnace. [Eng.] Knight.
5. A hop-drying kiln; an oast. Knight.
6. The dome of a heating furnace. Knight. Cockle hat, a hat ornamented with a cockleshell, the badge of a pilgrim. Shak. — Cockle stairs, winding or spiral stairs.

Cockle
Coc´kle, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cockled p. pr. & vb. n. Cockling ] [Of uncertian origin.] To cause to contract into wrinkles or ridges, as some kinds of cloth after a wetting. Cockling sea, waves dashing against each other with a short and quick motion. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Cockle
Coc´kle, n. [AS. coccel, cocel; cf. Gael. cogall tares, husks, cockle.] (Bot.) (a) A plant or weed that grows among grain; the corn rose ( Luchnis Githage). (b) The Lotium, or darnel.

Cocklebur
Coc´kle•bur, n. (Bot.) A coarse, composite weed, having a rough or prickly fruit; one of several species of the genus Xanthium; — called also clotbur.

Cockled
Coc´kled, a. Inclosed in a shell.
"The tender horns of cockled snails." - Shak.

Cockled
Coc´kled, a. Wrinkled; puckered.
"Showers soon drench the camlet’s cockled grain." - Gay.

Cockler
Coc´kler, n. One who takes and sells cockles.

Cockleshell
Coc´kle•shell, n.
1. One of the shells or valves of a cockle.
2. A light boat.
"To board the cockleshell in those plunding waters." - W. Black.

Cockloft
Cock´loft ( 115) n. [Prop., a loft where cocks roost.] An upper loft; a garret; the highest room in a building. Dryden. Swift.

Cockmaster
Cock´mas•ter, n. One who breeds gamecocks. L’Estrange.

Cockmatch
Cock´match, n. A cockfight.

Cockney
Cock´ney (kok"ny), n. ; pl. Cockneys (- niz). [OE. cocknay, cokenay, a spoiled child, effeminate person, an egg; prob. orig. a cock’s egg, a small imperfect egg; OE. cok cock + nay, neye, for ey egg (cf. Newt), AS. aeg. See 1st Cock, Egg, n. ]
1. An effeminate person; a spoilt child. "A young heir or cockney, that is his mother’s darling." Nash (1592).
"This great lubber, the world, will prove a cockney." - Shak.
2. A native or resident of the city of London; — used contemptuously.
"A cockney in a rural village was stared at as much as if he had entered a kraal of Hottentots." - Macaulay.

Cockney
Cock´ney, a. Of or relating to, or like, cockneys.

Cockneydom
Cock´ney•dom (kok"ni•dum), n. The region or home of cockneys; cockneys, collectively. Thackeray.

Cockneyfy
Cock´ney•fy (-fi), v. t. [ Cockney + -fy.] To form with the manners or character of a cockney. [Colloq.]

Cockneyish
Cock´ney•ish, a. Characteristic of, or resembling, cockneys.

Cockneyism
Cock´ney•ism (kok"ni•iz’m), n. The characteristics, manners, or dialect, of a cockney.

Cock-paddle
Cock´-pad•dle, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.) See Lumpfish. [Scot.]

Cockscomb
Cocks´comb (koks"kom•), n. [1st cock, n. + comb crest.]
1. See Coxcomb.
2. (Bot.) A plant ( Celosia cristata), of many varieties, cultivated for its broad, fantastic spikes of brilliant flowers; — sometimes called garden cockscomb. Also the Pedicularis, or lousewort, the Rhinanthus Crista-galli, and the Onobrychis Crista-galli.

Cockshut
Cock´shut, n. A kind of net to catch woodcock. [Obs.] Nares. Cockshut time or light, evening twilight; nightfall; — so called in allusion to the tome at which the cockshut used to be spread. [Obs.] Shak. B. Jonson.

Cockshy
Cock´shy, n.
1. A game in which trinkets are set upon sticks, to be thrown at by the players; — so called from an ancient popular sport which consisted in "shying" or throwing cudgels at live cocks.
2. An object at which stones are flung.
""Making a cockshy of him," replied the hideous small boy." - Dickens.

Cockspur
Cock´spur, n. (Bot.) A variety of Crataegus, or hawthorn ( C. Crus- galli), having long, straight thorns; — called also Cockspur thorn.

Cocksure
Cock´sure, a.
1. Perfectly safe. [Obs.]
"We steal as in a castle, cocksure: … we walk invisible." - Shak.
2. Quite certain. [Colloq.]
"I thought myself cocksure of the horse which he readily promised me." - Pope.

Cockswain
Cock´swain (?, colloq. ?), n. [ Cock a boat + swain; hence, the master of a boat.] The steersman of a boat; a petty officer who has charge of a boat and its crew.

Cocktail
Cock´tail, n.
1. A beverage made of brandy, whisky, or gin, iced, flavored, and sweetened. [U. S.]
2. (Stock Breeding) A horse, not of pure breed, but having only one eighth or one sixteenth impure blood in his veins. Darwin.
3. A mean, half-hearted fellow; a coward. [Slang, Eng.]
"It was in the second affair that poor little Barney showed he was a cocktail." - Thackeray.
4. (Zoöl.) A species of rove beetle; — so called from its habit of elevating the tail.

Cockup
Cock´up, n. (Zoöl.) A large, highly esteemed, edible fish of India ( Lates calcarifer); — also called begti.

Cockweed
Cock´weed, n. (Bot.) Peppergrass. Johnson.

Cocky
Cock´y, a. [See Cocket.] Pert. [Slang] { Co´co (ko"ko), n. or Co"co palm (ko"ko päm•).} See Cocoa. { Co´coa (ko"ko), n. , Co"coa palm• (päm•) } [Sp. & Pg. coco cocoanut, in Sp. also cocoa palm. The Portuguese name is said to have been given from the monkeylike face at the base of the nut, fr. Pg. coco a bugbear, an ugly mask to frighten children. Cf., however, Gr. koy^ki the cocoa palm and its fruit, ko•i:x, ko•i:kos, a kind of Egyptian palm.] (Bot.) A palm tree producing the cocoanut ( Cocos nucifera). It grows in nearly all tropical countries, attaining a height of sixty or eighty feet. The trunk is without branches, and has a tuft of leaves at the top, each being fifteen or twenty feet in length, and at the base of these the nuts hang in clusters; the cocoanut tree.

Cocoanut
Co´coa•nut (-nut•), n. The large, hard-shelled nut of the cocoa palm. It yields an agreeable milky liquid and a white meat or albumen much used as food and in making oil. { Co•co•bo´lo, Co•co•bo´las }, n. [Sp. cocobolo.] (Bot.) A very beautiful and hard wood, obtained in the West India Islands. It is used in cabinetmaking, for the handles of tools, and for various fancy articles.

Cocoon
Co•coon´, n. [F. cocon, dim. of coque shell of egge and insects, fr. L. concha mussel shell. See Conch.]
1. An oblong case in which the silkworm lies in its chrysalis state. It is formed of threads of silk spun by the worm just before leaving the larval state. From these the silk of commerce is prepared.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The case constructed by any insect to contain its larva or pupa. (b) The case of silk made by spiders to protect their eggs. (c) The egg cases of mucus, etc., made by leeches and other worms.

Coctible
Coc´ti•ble, a. [See Coctile.] Capable of being cooked. Blount.

Cocus wood
Co"cus wood A West Indian wood, used for making flutes and other musical instruments.

Cod (kod), n. [AS. codd small bag; akin to Icel. koddi pillow, Sw. kudde cushion; cf. W. cod, cwd, bag, shell.]
1. A husk; a pod; as a peas cod. [Eng.] Mortimer.
2. A small bag or pouch. [Obs.] Halliwell.
3. The scrotum. Dunglison.
4. A pillow or cushion. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Cod, n. [Cf. G. gadde, and (in Heligoland) gadden, L. gadus merlangus.] (Zoöl.) An important edible fish ( Gadus morrhua), taken in immense numbers on the northern coasts of Europe and America. It is especially abundant and large on the Grand Bank of Newfoundland. It is salted and dried in large quantities. There are several varieties; as shore cod, from shallow water; bank cod, from the distant banks; and rock cod, which is found among ledges, and is often dark brown or mottled with red. The tomcod is a distinct species of small size. The bastard, blue, buffalo, or cultus cod of the Pacific coast belongs to a distinct family. See Buffalo cod, under Buffalo. Cod fishery, the business of fishing for cod. — Cod line, an eighteen-thread line used in catching codfish. McElrath.

Coda
Co´da (ko"da), n. [It., tail, fr. L. cauda.] (Mus.) A few measures added beyond the natural termination of a composition.

Codder
Cod´der, n. A gatherer of cods or peas. [Obs. or Prov.] Johnson.

Codding
Cod´ding, a. Lustful. [Obs.] Shak.

Coddle
Cod´dle (kod"d’l), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coddled (-d’ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Coddling (- dling).] [Cf. Prov. E. caddle to coax, spoil, fondle, and Cade, a. & v. t.] [Written also codle.]
1. To parboil, or soften by boiling.
"It [the guava fruit] may be coddled." - Dampier.
2. To treat with excessive tenderness; to pamper.
"How many of our English princes have been coddled at home by their fond papas and mammas!" - Thackeray.
"He [Lord Byron] never coddled his reputation." - Southey.

Code (kod), n. [F., fr. L. codex, caudex, the stock or stem of a tree, a board or tablet of wood smeared over with wax, on which the ancients originally wrote; hence, a book, a writing.]
1. A body of law, sanctioned by legislation, in which the rules of law to be specifically applied by the courts are set forth in systematic form; a compilation of laws by public authority; a digest. The collection of laws made by the order of Justinian is sometimes called, by way of eminence. "The Code" Wharton.
2. Any system of rules or regulations relating to one subject; as the medical code, a system of rules for the regulation of the professional conduct of physicians; the naval code, a system of rules for making communications at sea means of signals. Code civil or Code Napoleon, a code enacted in France in 1803 and 1804, embodying the law of rights of persons and of property generally. Abbot.

Codefendant
Co•de•fend´ant, n. A joint defendant. Blackstone.

Codeine
Co•de´ine, n. [Gr. poppy head: cf. F. codine.] (Chem.) One of the opium alkaloids; a white crystalline substance, C₁₈H₂₁NO₃, similar to and regarded as a derivative of morphine, but much feebler in its action; — called also codeia.

Codetta
Co•det´ta, n. [It., dim. of coda tail.] (Mus.) A short passage connecting two sections, but not forming part of either; a short coda.

Codex
Co´dex, n. ; pl. Codices (#). [L. See Code.]
1. A book; a manuscript.
2. A collection or digest of laws; a code. Burrill.
3. An ancient manuscript of the Sacred Scriptures, or any part of them, particularly the New Testament.
4. A collection of canons. Shipley.

Codicil
Cod´i•cil, n. [L. codicillus, dim. of codex: cf. F. codicille. See Code.] (Law) A clause added to a will.

Codification
Co•di•fi•ca´tion, n. [Cf. F. codification.] The act or process of codifying or reducing laws to a code.

Codifier
Co´di•fi•er, n. One who codifies.

Codify
Co´di•fy (? or 277), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Codified p. pr. & vb. n. Codifying.] [ Code + - fy: cf. F. codifier.] To reduce to a code, as laws.

Codille
Co•dille´, n. [F. codile.] A term at omber, signifying that the game is won. Pope.

Codist
Co´dist, n. A codifier; a maker of codes. [R.]

Codle
Co´dle, v. t. See Coddle. { Cod´lin, Cod´ling }, n. [Cf. AS. codaeppel a quince.] (a) An apple fit to stew or coddle. (b) An immature apple.
"A codling when ’t is almost an apple." - Shak.
Codling moth (Zoöl.), a small moth ( Carpocapsa Pomonella), which in the larval state (known as the apple worm) lives in apples, often doing great damage to the crop.

Codpiece
Cod´piece, n. [ Cod, n., + piece.] A part of male dress in front of the breeches, formerly made very conspicuous. Shak. Fosbroke.

Coeducation
Co•ed•u•ca´tion ( 135), n. An educating together, as of persons of different sexes or races. Co•ed•u•ca´tion•al, a.

Coefficacy
Co•ef´fi•ca•cy, n. Joint efficacy.

Coefficiency
Co•ef•fi´cien•cy, n. Joint efficiency; coöperation. Glanvill.

Coefficient
Co•ef•fi´cient, a. Coöperating; acting together to produce an effect. Co•ef•fi´cient•ly, adv.

Coefficient
Co•ef•fi´cient, n.
1. That which unites in action with something else to produce the same effect.
2. [Cf. F. coefficient.] (Math.) A number or letter put before a letter or quantity, known or unknown, to show how many times the latter is to be taken; as 6 x; b. ; here 6 and b are coefficients of x.
3. (Physics) A number, commonly used in computation as a factor, expressing the amount of some change or effect under certain fixed conditions as to temperature, length, volume, etc.; as the coefficient of expansion; the coefficient of friction. Arbitrary coefficient (Math.), a literal coefficient placed arbitrarily in an algebraic expression, the value of the coefficient being afterwards determined by the conditions of the problem.

Coehorn
Coe´horn, n. [From its inventor, Baron Coehorn.] (Mil.) A small bronze mortar mounted on a wooden block with handles, and light enough to be carried short distances by two men.

Coelectron
Co•e•lec´tron, n. See Electron.

Coequality
Co•e•qual´i•ty, n. The state of being on an equality, as in rank or power.

Coequally
Co•e´qual•ly, adv. With coequality.

Coerce
Co•erce´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coerced p. pr. & vb. n. Coercing.] [L. coërcere; co- + arcere to shut up, to press together. See Ark.]
1. To restrain by force, especially by law or authority; to repress; to curb. Burke.
"Punishments are manifold, that they may coerce this profligate sort." - Ayliffe.
2. To compel or constrain to any action; as to coerce a man to vote for a certain candidate.
3. To compel or enforce; as to coerce obedience.
Syn. — To Coerce, Compel. To compel denotes to urge on by force which cannot be resisted. The term aplies equally to physical and moral force; as compelled by hunger; compelled adverse circumstances; compelled by parental affection. Coerce had at first only the negative sense of checking or restraining by force; as to coerce a bad man by punishments or a prisoner with fetters. It has now gained a positive sense., viz., that of driving a person into the performance of some act which is required of him by another; as to coerce a man to sign a contract; to coerce obedience. In this sense (which is now the prevailing one), coerce differs but little from compel, and yet there is a distinction between them. Coercion is usually acomplished by indirect means, as threats and intimidation, physical force being more rarely employed in coercing.

Coercion
Co•er´cion, n. [L. coercio, fr. coercere. See Coerce.]
1. The act or process of coercing.
2. (Law) The application to another of either physical or moral force. When the force is physical, and cannot be resisted, then the act produced by it is a nullity, so far as concerns the party coerced. When the force is moral, then the act, though voidable, is imputable to the party doing it, unless he be so paralyzed by terror as to act convulsively. At the same time coercion is not negatived by the fact of submission under force. "Coactus volui" (I consented under compulsion) is the condition of mind which, when there is volition forced by coercion, annuls the result of such coercion. Wharton.

Coercive
Co•er´cive, a. Serving or intended to coerce; having power to constrain. — Co•er´cive•ly, adv. — Co•er"cive•ness, n.
"Coercive power can only influence us to outward practice." - Bp. Warburton.
Coercive or Coercitive force (Magnetism), the power or force which in iron or steel produces a slowness or difficulty in imparting magnetism to it, and also interposes an obstacle to the return of a bar to its natural state when active magnetism has ceased. It plainly depends on the molecular constitution of the metal. Nichol.
"The power of resisting magnetization or demagnization is sometimes called coercive force." - S. Thompson.

Coessential
Co•es•sen´tial, a. Partaking of the same essence. — Co•es•sen´tial•ly, adv.
"We bless and magnify that coessential Spirit, eternally proceeding from both [The Father and the Son]." - Hooker.

Coessentiality
Co•es•sen•ti•al´i•ty (? or 106), n. Participation of the same essence. Johnson.

Coestablishment
Co•es•tab´lish•ment, n. Joint establishment. Bp. Watson.

Coestate
Co•es•tate´, n. Joint estate. Smolett.

Coetanean
Co•e•ta´ne•an, n. A person coetaneous with another; a contemporary. [R.]
"A … coetanean of the late earl of Southampton." - Aubrey.

Coetaneous
Co•e•ta´ne•ous, a. [L. coaetaneus; co- + aetas age.] Of the same age; beginning to exist at the same time; contemporaneous. — Co•e•ta´ne•ous•ly, adv.
"And all [members of the body] are coetaneous." - Bentley.

Coeternal
Co•e•ter´nal, a. Equally eternal. — Co•e•ter´nal•ly, adv.
"Hail, holy Light, offspring of Heaven first born! Or of the Eternal coeternal beam." - Milton.

Coeternity
Co•e•ter´ni•ty, n. Existence from eternity equally with another eternal being; equal eternity.

Coeval
Co•e´val, a. [L. coaevus; co- + aevum lifetime, age. See Age, n. ] Of the same age; existing during the same period of time, especially time long and remote; — usually followed by with.
"Silence! coeval with eternity!" - Pope.
"Oaks coeval spread a mournful shade." - Cowper.

Coeval
Co•e´val, n. One of the same age; a contemporary.
"As if it were not enough to have outdone all your coevals in wit." - Pope.

Coevous
Co•e´vous, a. Coeval [Obs.] South.

Coexecutor
Co•ex•ec´u•tor, n. A joint executor.

Coexecutrix
Co•ex•ec´u•trix, n. A joint executrix.

Coexist
Co•ex•ist, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Coexisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Coexisting.] To exist at the same time; — sometimes followed by with.
"Of substances no one has any clear idea, farther than of certain simple ideas coexisting together." - Locke.
"So much purity and integrity … coexisting with so much decay and so many infirmities." - Warburton.

Coexistent
Co•ex•ist´ent, a. Existing at the same time with another. — n. That which coexists with another.
"The law of coexistent vibrations." - Whewell.

Coexisting
Co•ex•ist´ing, a. Coexistent. Locke.

Coextend
Co•ex•tend, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coextended; p. pr. & vb. n. Coextending.] To extend through the same space or time with another; to extend to the same degree.
"According to which the least body may be coextended with the greatest." - Boyle.
"Has your English language one single word that is coextended through all these significations?" - Bentley.

Coextensive
Co•ex•ten´sive, a. Equally extensive; having equal extent; as consciousness and knowledge are coextensive. Sir W. Hamilton. — Co•ex•ten´sive•ly, adv. — Co•ex•ten"sive•ness, n.

Coffee
Cof´fee ( 115), n. [Turk. qahveh, Ar. qahuah wine, coffee, a decoction of berries. Cf. Cafe.]
1. The "beans" or "berries" (pyrenes) obtained from the drupes of a small evergreen tree of the genus Coffea, growing in Abyssinia, Arabia, Persia, and other warm regions of Asia and Africa, and also in tropical America.
2. The coffee tree. There are several species of the coffee tree, as Coffea Arabica, C. occidentalis, and C. Liberica. The white, fragrant flowers grow in clusters at the root of the leaves, and the fruit is a red or purple cherrylike drupe, with sweet pulp, usually containing two pyrenes, commercially called "beans" or "berries".
3. The beverage made from the roasted and ground berry.
"They have in Turkey a drink called coffee… . This drink comforteth the brain and heart, and helpeth digestion." - Bacon.
The use of coffee is said to have been introduced into England about 1650, when coffeehouses were opened in Oxford and London. Coffee bug (Zoöl.), a species of scale insect ( Lecanium coffaea), often very injurious to the coffee tree. — Coffee rat (Zoöl.) See Musang.

Coffeeman
Cof´fee•man, n. One who keeps a coffeehouse. Addison.

Coffeepot
Cof´fee•pot, n. A covered pot in which coffee is prepared, or is brought upon the table for drinking.

Coffeeroom
Cof´fee•room, n. A public room where coffee and other refreshments may be obtained.

Coffer
Cof´fer ( 115), n. [OF. cofre, F. coffre, L. cophinus basket, fr. Gr. . Cf. Coffin, n. ]
1. A casket, chest, or trunk; especially, one used for keeping money or other valuables. Chaucer.
"In ivory coffers I have stuffed my crowns." - Shak.
2. Fig.: Treasure or funds; — usually in the plural.
"He would discharge it without any burden to the queen’s coffers, for honor sake." - Bacon.
"Hold, here is half my coffer." - Shak.
3. (Arch.) A panel deeply recessed in the ceiling of a vault, dome, or portico; a caisson.
4. (Fort.) A trench dug in the bottom of a dry moat, and extending across it, to enable the besieged to defend it by a raking fire.
5. The chamber of a canal lock; also a caisson or a cofferdam. Coffer dam. (Engin.) See Cofferdam, in the Vocabulary. — Coffer fish. (Zoöl.) See Cowfish.

Coffer
Cof´fer, v. t.
1. To put into a coffer. Bacon.
2. (Mining.) To secure from leaking, as a shaft, by ramming clay behind the masonry or timbering. Raymond.
3. To form with or in a coffer or coffers; to furnish with a coffer or coffers.

Cofferdam
Cof´fer•dam, n. A water- tight inclosure, as of piles packed with clay, from which the water is pumped to expose the bottom (of a river, etc.) and permit the laying of foundations, building of piers, etc.

Cofferer
Cof´fer•er, n. One who keeps treasures in a coffer. [R.]

Cofferwork
Cof´fer•work, n. (Masonry) Rubblework faced with stone. Knight.

Coffin
Cof´fin ( 115), n. [OE., a basket, receptacle, OF. cofin, fr. L. cophinus. See Coffer, n. ]
1. The case in which a dead human body is inclosed for burial.
"They embalmed him [Joseph], and he was put in a coffin." - Gen. 1. 26.
2. A basket. [Obs.] Wyclif (matt. xiv. 20).
3. A casing or crust, or a mold, of pastry, as for a pie.
"Of the paste a coffin I will rear." - Shak.
4. A conical paper bag, used by grocers. [Obs.] Nares.
5. (Far.) The hollow crust or hoof of a horse’s foot, below the coronet, in which is the coffin bone. Coffin bone, the foot bone of the horse and allied animals, inclosed within the hoof, and corresponding to the third phalanx of the middle finger, or toe, of most mammals. — Coffin joint, the joint next above the coffin bone.

Coffin
Cof´fin, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coffined p. pr. & vb. n. Coffining.] To inclose in, or as in, a coffin.
"Would’st thou have laughed, had I come coffined home?" - Shak.
"Devotion is not coffined in a cell. John Hall (1646)."

Coffle
Cof´fle ( 115), n. [Ar. kafala caravan.] A gang of negro slaves being driven to market.

Cog, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cogged p. pr. & vb. n. Cogging.] [Cf. W. coegio to make void, to beceive, from coeg empty, vain, foolish. Cf. Coax, v. t.]
1. To seduce, or draw away, by adulation, artifice, or falsehood; to wheedle; to cozen; to cheat. [R.]
"I’ll … cog their hearts from them." - Shak.
2. To obtrude or thrust in, by falsehood or deception; as to cog in a word; to palm off. [R.]
"Fustian tragedies … have, by concerted applauses, been cogged upon the town for masterpieces." - J. Dennis
"To cog a die, to load so as to direct its fall; to cheat in playing dice." - Swift.

Cog, v. i. To deceive; to cheat; to play false; to lie; to wheedle; to cajole.
"For guineas in other men’s breeches, Your gamesters will palm and will cog." - Swift.

Cog, n. A trick or deception; a falsehood. Wm. Watson.

Cog, n. [Cf. Sw. kugge a cog, or W. cocos the cogs of a wheel.]
1. (Mech.) A tooth, cam, or catch for imparting or receiving motion, as on a gear wheel, or a lifter or wiper on a shaft; originally, a separate piece of wood set in a mortise in the face of a wheel.
2. (Carp.) (a) A kind of tenon on the end of a joist, received into a notch in a bearing timber, and resting flush with its upper surface. (b) A tenon in a scarf joint; a coak. Knight.
3. (Mining.) One of the rough pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a mine.

Cog, v. t. To furnish with a cog or cogs. Cogged breath sound (Auscultation), a form of interrupted respiration, in which the interruptions are very even, three or four to each inspiration. Quain.

Cog, n. [OE. cogge; cf. D. kog, Icel. kuggr Cf. Cock a boat.] A small fishing boat. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Cogent
Co´gent (ko"jent), a. [L. cogens, p. pr. of cogere to drive together, to force; co- + agere to drive. See Agent, a. , and cf. Coact to force, Coagulate, p. a.]
1. Compelling, in a physical sense; powerful. [Obs.]
"The cogent force of nature." - Prior.
2. Having the power to compel conviction or move the will; constraining; conclusive; forcible; powerful; not easily reasisted.
"No better nor more cogent reason." - Dr. H. More.
"Proofs of the most cogent description." - Tyndall.
"The tongue whose strains were cogent as commands, Revered at home, and felt in foreign lands." - Cowper.
Syn. — Forcible; powerful; potent; urgent; strong; persuasive; convincing; conclusive; influential.

Cogger
Cog´ger (kog"ger), n. [From Cog to wheedle.] A flatterer or deceiver; a sharper.

Coggle
Cog´gle, n. [See Cog small boat.] A small fishing boat. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Coggle
Cog´gle, n. [Cf. Cobble a cobblestone.] A cobblestone. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Cogitable
Cog´i•ta•ble, a. [L. cogitabilis, fr. cogitare to think.] Capable of being brought before the mind as a thought or idea; conceivable; thinkable.
"Creation is cogitable by us only as a putting forth of divine power." - Sir W. Hamilton.

Cogitabund
Cog´i•ta•bund, a. [L. cogitabundus.] Full of thought; thoughtful. [R.] Leigh Hunt.

Cogitate
Cog´i•tate, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Cogitated p. pr. & vb. n. Cogitating.] [L. cogitatus, p. p. of cogitare to reflect upon, prob. fr. co- + the root of aio I say; hence, prop., to discuss with one’s self. Cf. Adage.] To engage in continuous thought; to think.
"He that calleth a thing into his mind, whether by impression or recordation, cogitateth and considereth, and he that employeth the faculty of his fancy also cogitateth." - Bacon.

Cogitate
Cog´i•tate, v. t. To think over; to plan.
"He … is our witness, how we both day and night, revolving in our minds, did cogitate nothing more than how to satisfy the parts of a good pastor." - Foxe.

Cogitation
Cog•i•ta´tion, n. [L. cogitatio: cf. F. cogitation.] The act of thinking; thought; meditation; contemplation. "Fixed in cogitation deep." Milton.

Cogitative
Cog´i•ta•tive, a. [Cf. LL. cogitativus.]
1. Possessing, or pertaining to, the power of thinking or meditating. "Cogitative faculties." Wollaston.
2. Given to thought or contemplation. Sir H. Wotton.

Cogman
Cog´man, n. A dealer in cogware or coarse cloth. [Obs.] Wright.

Cognac
Co´gnac, n. [F.] A kind of French brandy, so called from the town of Cognac.

Cognate
Cog´nate, a. [L. cognatus; co- + gnatus, natus, p. p. of nasci, anciently gnasci, to be born. See Nation, and cf. Connate.]
1. Allied by blood; kindred by birth; specifically (Law), related on the mother’s side.
2. Of the same or a similar nature; of the same family; proceeding from the same stock or root; allied; kindred; as a cognate language.

Cognate
Cog´nate, n.
1. (Law) One who is related to another on the female side. Wharton.
2. One of a number of things allied in origin or nature; as certain letters are cognates.

Cognateness
Cog´nate•ness, n. The state of being cognate.

Cognati
Cog•na´ti, n. pl. [L.] (Law) Relatives by the mother’s side. Wharton.

Cognation
Cog•na´tion, n. [L. cognatio.]
1. Relationship by blood; descent from the same original; kindred.
"As by our cognation to the body of the first Adam." - Jer. Taylor.
2. Participation of the same nature. Sir T. Browne.
"A like temper and cognation." - Sir K. Digby.
3. (Law) That tie of consanguinity which exists between persons descended from the same mother; — used in distinction from agnation.

Cognatus
Cog•na´tus, n. [L., a kinsman.] (Law) A person connected through cognation. { Cog•ni•sor´, Cog•ni•see } n. See Cognizor, Cognizee.

Cognizable
Cog´ni•za•ble (? or ), a. [F. connaissable, fr. connaître to know, L. cognoscere. See Cognition.]
1. Capable of being known or apprehended; as cognizable causes.
2. Fitted to be a subject of judicial investigation; capable of being judicially heard and determined.
"Cognizable both in the ecclesiastical and secular courts." - Ayliffe.

Cognizably
Cog´ni•za•bly, adv. In a cognizable manner.

Cognizance
Cog´ni•zance (? or 277), n. [OF. conissance, conoissance, F. connaissance, LL. cognoscentia, fr. L. cognoscere to know. See Cognition, and cf. Cognoscence, Connoisseur.]
1. Apprehension by the understanding; perception; observation.
"Within the cognizance and lying under the control of their divine Governor." - Bp. Hurd
2. Recollection; recognition.
"Who, soon as on that knight his eye did glance, Eftsoones of him had perfect cognizance." - Spenser.
3. (Law) (a) Jurisdiction, or the power given by law to hear and decide controversies. (b) The hearing a matter judicially. (c) An acknowledgment of a fine of lands and tenements or confession of a thing done. [Eng.] (d) A form of defense in the action of replevin, by which the defendant insists that the goods were lawfully taken, as a distress, by defendant, acting as servant for another. [Eng.] Cowell. Mozley & W.
4. The distinguishing mark worn by an armed knight, usually upon the helmet, and by his retainers and followers: Hence, in general, a badge worn by a retainer or dependent, to indicate the person or party to which he belonged; a token by which a thing may be known.
"Wearing the liveries and cognizance of their master." - Prescott.
"This pale and angry rose, As cognizance of my blood-drinking hate." - Shak.

Cognizor
Cog•ni•zor, n. [See Cognizance.] (Law) One who acknowledged the right of the plaintiff or cognizee in a fine; the defendant. Blackstone.

Cognominal
Cog•nom´i•nal, a. Of or pertaining to a cognomen; of the nature of a surname.

Cognominal
Cog•nom´i•nal, n. One bearing the same name; a namesake. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Cognomination
Cog•nom•i•na´tion, n. [L. cognominatio.] A cognomen or surname. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

Cognoscence
Cog•nos´cence, n. [LL. cognoscentia. See Cognizance.] Cognizance. [R.] Dr. H. More.

Cognoscibility
Cog•nos•ci•bil´i•ty, n. The quality of being cognoscible. Cudworth.

Cognoscible
Cog•nos´ci•ble, a.
1. Capable of being known. "Matters intelligible and cognoscible." Sir M. Hale.
2. Liable to judicial investigation. Jer. Taylor.

Cognoscitive
Cog•nos´ci•tive, a. Having the power of knowing. [Obs.] "An innate cognoscitive power." Cudworth.

Cognovit
Cog•no´vit, n. [L., he has acknowledged.] (Law) An instrument in writing whereby a defendant in an action acknowledges a plaintiff’s demand to be just. Mozley & W.

Cogon
Co•gon´, n. [Sp., prob. fr. a native name.] A tall, coarse grass ( Imperata arundinacea) of the Philippine Islands and adjacent countries, used for thatching.

Coguardian
Co•guard´i•an, n. A joint guardian.

Cogue, n. [Cf. Cog a small boat.] A small wooden vessel; a pail. [Scot.] Jamieson.

Cogwheel
Cog´wheel, n. A wheel with cogs or teeth; a gear wheel. See Illust. of Gearing.

Cohabitation
Co•hab´i•ta´tion, n. [L. cohabitatio.]
1. The act or state of dwelling together, or in the same place with another. Feltham.
2. (Law) The living together of a man and woman in supposed sexual relationship.
"That the duty of cohabitation is released by the cruelty of one of the parties is admitted." - Lord Stowell.

Cohabiter
Co•hab´it•er, n. A cohabitant. Hobbes.

Coheir
Co•heir, n. A joint heir; one of two or more heirs; one of several entitled to an inheritance.

Coheiress
Co•heir´ess, n. A female heir who inherits with other heiresses; a joint heiress.

Coheirship
Co•heir´ship, n. The state of being a coheir.

Coherald
Co•her´ald, n. A joint herald.

Cohere
Co•here´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Cohered p. pr. & vb. n. Cohering ] [L. cohaerere, cohaesum; co- + haerere to stick, adhere. See Aghast, a. ]
1. To stick together; to cleave; to be united; to hold fast, as parts of the same mass.
"Neither knows he … how the solid parts of the body are united or cohere together." - Locke.
2. To be united or connected together in subordination to one purpose; to follow naturally and logically, as the parts of a discourse, or as arguments in a train of reasoning; to be logically consistent.
"They have been inserted where they best seemed to cohere." - Burke.
3. To suit; to agree; to fit. [Obs.]
"Had time cohered with place, or place with wishing." - Shak.
Syn. — To cleave; unite; adhere; stick; suit; agree; fit; be consistent. { Co•her´ence, Co•her´en•cy }, n. [L. cohaerentia: cf. F. coherence.]
1. A sticking or cleaving together; union of parts of the same body; cohesion.
2. Connection or dependence, proceeding from the subordination of the parts of a thing to one principle or purpose, as in the parts of a discourse, or of a system of philosophy; consecutiveness.
"Coherence of discourse, and a direct tendency of all the parts of it to the argument in hand, are most eminently to be found in him." - Locke.

Coherer
Co•her´er, n. (Elec.) Any device in which an imperfectly conducting contact between pieces of metal or other conductors loosely resting against each other is materially improved in conductivity by the influence of Hertzian waves; — so called by Sir O. J. Lodge in 1894 on the assumption that the impact of the electic waves caused the loosely connected parts to cohere, or weld together, a condition easily destroyed by tapping. A common form of coherer as used in wireless telegraphy consists of a tube containing filings (usually a pinch of nickel and silver filings in equal parts) between terminal wires or plugs (called conductor plugs. { Co•hune´, n. , or Cohune palm }. [Prob. fr. a native name in Honduras.] A Central and South American pinnate-leaved palm ( Attalea cohune), the very large and hard nuts of which are turned to make fancy articles, and also yield an oil used as a substitute for coconut oil.

Cohesibility
Co•he•si•bil´i•ty, n. The state of being cohesible. Good.

Cohesible
Co•he´si•ble, a. Capable of cohesion.

Cohesion
Co•he´sion, n. [Cf. F. cohesion. See Cohere.]
1. The act or state of sticking together; close union.
2. (Physics) That from of attraction by which the particles of a body are united throughout the mass, whether like or unlike; — distinguished from adhesion, which unites bodies by their adjacent surfaces.
"Solids and fluids differ in the degree of cohesion, which, being increased, turns a fluid into a solid." - Arbuthnot.
3. Logical agreement and dependence; as the cohesion of ideas. Locke.

Cohobate
Co•ho•bate, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cohobated; p. pr. & vb. n. Cohobating.] [LL. cohobare; prob. of Arabic origin: cf. F. cohober.] (Anc. Chem.) To repeat the distillation of, pouring the liquor back upon the matter remaining in the vessel. Arbuthnot.

Cohorn
Co´horn, n. (Mil.) See Coehorn.

Coif (koif), n. [OF. coife, F. coiffe, LL. cofea, cuphia, fr. OHG. kuppa, kuppha, miter, perh. fr. L. cupa tub. See Cup, n. ; but cf. also Cop, Cuff the article of dress, Quoif, n. ] A cap. Specifically: (a) A close-fitting cap covering the sides of the head, like a small hood without a cape. (b) An official headdress, such as that worn by certain judges in England. [Written also quoif.]
"From point and saucy ermine down To the plain coif and russet gown." - H. Brocke.
"The judges, … althout they are not of the first magnitude, nor need be of the degree of the coif, yet are they considerable." - Bacon.

Coif (koif), v. t. [Cf. F. coiffer.] To cover or dress with, or as with, a coif.
"And coif me, where I’m bald, with flowers." - J. G. Cooper.

Coifed (koift), a. Wearing a coif.

Coiffeur
Coif•feur´, n. [F.] A hairdresser.

Coiffure
Coif´fure, n. [F., fr. coiffer. See Coif.] A headdress, or manner of dressing the hair. Addison.

Coilon
Coi´lon, n. [F. See Cullion.] A testicle. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Coinage
Coin´age, n. [From Coin, v. t., cf. Cuinage.]
1. The act or process of converting metal into money.
"The care of the coinage was committed to the inferior magistrates." - Arbuthnot.
2. Coins; the aggregate coin of a time or place.
3. The cost or expense of coining money.
4. The act or process of fabricating or inventing; formation; fabrication; that which is fabricated or forged. "Unnecessary coinage … of words." Dryden.
"This is the very coinage of your brain." - Shak.

Coincidency
Co•in´ci•den•cy, n. Coincidence. [R.]

Coincident
Co•in´ci•dent (ko•in"si•d ent), a. [Cf. F. coïncident.] Having coincidence; occupying the same place; contemporaneous; concurrent; — followed by with.
"Christianity teaches nothing but what is perfectly suitable to, and coincident with, the ruling principles of a virtuous and well-inclined man." - South.

Coincident
Co•in´ci•dent, n. One of two or more coincident events; a coincidence. [R.] "Coincidents and accidents." Froude.

Coincidental
Co•in•ci•den´tal, a. Coincident.

Coincidently
Co•in´ci•dent•ly, adv. With coincidence.

Coincider
Co•in•cid´er, n. One who coincides with another in an opinion.

Coindication
Co•in•di•ca´tion, n. [Cf. F. coïdication.] One of several signs or symptoms indicating the same fact; as a coindication of disease.

Coiner
Coin´er, n.
1. One who makes or stamps coin; a maker of money; — usually, a maker of counterfeit money.
"Precautions such as are employed by coiners and receivers of stolen goods." - Macaulay.
2. An inventor or maker, as of words. Camden.

Coinhabitant
Co•in•hab´it•ant, n. One who dwells with another, or with others. "Coinhabitants of the same element." Dr. H. More.

Coinhere
Co•in•here´, v. i. To inhere or exist together, as in one substance. Sir W. Hamilton.

Coinheritance
Co•in•her´it•ance, n. Joint inheritance.

Coinheritor
Co•in•her´it•or, n. A coheir.

Coinitial
Co•in•i´tial, a. (Math.) Having a common beginning.

Coinquinate
Co•in´qui•nate, v. t. [L. coinquinatus, p. p. of coinquinare to defile. See Inquinate.] To pollute. [Obs.] Skelton.

Coinstantaneous
Co•in´stan•ta´ne•ous, a. Happening at the same instant. C. Darwin.

Coinsurance
Co•in•sur´ance, n. [ Co- + insurance.] Insurance jointly with another or others; specif., that system of fire insurance in which the insurer is treated as insuring himself to the extent of that part of the risk not covered by his policy, so that any loss is apportioned between him and the insurance company on the principle of average, as in marine insurance or between other insurers.

Cointense
Co•intense´, a. Equal in intensity or degree; as the relations between 6 and 12, and 8 and 16, are cointense. H. Spencer.

Cointension
Co•in•ten´sion, n. The condition of being of equal in intensity; — applied to relations; as 3:6 and 6:12 are relations of cointension.
"Cointension … is chosen indicate the equality of relations in respect of the contrast between their terms." - H. Spencer.

Coir (koir), n. [Tamil kayiru.]
1. A material for cordage, matting, etc., consisting of the prepared fiber of the outer husk of the cocoanut. Homans.
2. Cordage or cables, made of this material.

Coistril
Cois´tril, n. [Prob. from OF. coustillier groom or lad. Cf. Custrel.]
1. An inferior groom or lad employed by an esquire to carry the knight’s arms and other necessaries. [Written also coistrel.]
2. A mean, paltry fellow; a coward. [Obs.] Shak.

Cojoin
Co•join´, v. t. To join; to conjoin. [R.] Shak.

Cojuror
Co•ju´ror, n. One who swears to another’s credibility. W. Wotton.

Coke, n. [Perh. akin to cake, n.] Mineral coal charred, or depriver of its bitumen, sulphur, or other volatile matter by roasting in a kiln or oven, or by distillation, as in gas works. It is lagerly used where smokeless fire is required. [Written also coak.] Gas coke, the coke formed in gas retorts, as distinguished from that made in ovens.

Coke, v. t. To convert into coke.

Cokenay
Coke´nay, n. A cockney. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Cokernut
Co´ker•nut, n. (Com.) The cocoanut. A mode of spelling introduced by the London customhouse to distinguish more widely between this and other articles spelt much in the same manner.

Cokes, n. [OE. Cf. Coax.] A simpleton; a gull; a dupe. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Col, n. [F., neck, fr. L. collum neck.] A short ridge connecting two higher elevations or mountains; the pass over such a ridge.

Col- . A prefix signifying with, together. See Com-.

Colander
Col´an•der, n. [L. colans, -antis, p. pr. of colare to filter, to strain, fr. colum a strainer. Cf. Cullis, Culvert.] A utensil with a bottom perforated with little holes for straining liquids, mashed vegetable pulp, etc.; a strainer of wickerwork, perforated metal, or the like.

Colchicine
Col´chi•cine, n. [Cf. F. colchicine.] (Chem.) A powerful vegetable alkaloid, C₁₇H₁₉NO₅, extracted from the Colchicum autumnale, or meadow saffron, as a white or yellowish amorphous powder, with a harsh, bitter taste; — called also colchicia.

Colchicum
Col´chi•cum, n. [L., a plant with a poisonous root, fr. Colchicus Colchian, fr. Colchis, Gr., an ancient province in Asia, east of the Black Sea, where was the home of Media the sorceress.] (Bot.) A genus of bulbous-rooted plants found in many parts of Europe, including the meadow saffron. Preparations made from the poisonous bulbs and seeds, and perhaps from the flowers, of the Colchicum autumnale (meadow saffron) are used as remedies for gout and rheumatism.

Colcothar
Col´co•thar (kol"ko•ther), n. [NL. colcothar vitrioli, fr. Ar. qolqotar.] (Chem.) Polishing rouge; a reddish brown oxide of iron, used in polishing glass, and also as a pigment; — called also crocus Martis.

Cold (kold), a. [ Compar. Colder (-er); superl. Coldest.] [OE. cold, cald, AS. cald, ceald; akin to OS. kald, D. koud, G. kalt, Icel. kaldr, Dan. kold, Sw. kall, Goth. kalds, L. gelu frost, gelare to freeze. Orig. p. p. of AS. calan to be cold, Icel. kala to freeze. Cf. Cool, a. , Chill, n. ]
1. Deprived of heat, or having a low temperature; not warm or hot; gelid; frigid. "The snowy top of cold Olympis." Milton.
2. Lacking the sensation of warmth; suffering from the absence of heat; chilly; shivering; as to be cold.
3. Not pungent or acrid. "Cold plants." Bacon
4. Wanting in ardor, intensity, warmth, zeal, or passion; spiritless; unconcerned; reserved.
"A cold and unconcerned spectator." - T. Burnet.
"No cold relation is a zealous citizen." - Burke.
5. Unwelcome; disagreeable; unsatisfactory. "Cold news for me." "Cold comfort." Shak.
6. Wanting in power to excite; dull; uninteresting.
"What a deal of cold business doth a man misspend the better part of life in!" - B. Jonson.
"The jest grows cold … when in comes on in a second scene." - Addison.
7. Affecting the sense of smell (as of hunting dogs) but feebly; having lost its odor; as a cold scent.
8. Not sensitive; not acute.
"Smell this business with a sense as cold As is a dead man’s nose." - Shak.
9. Distant; — said, in the game of hunting for some object, of a seeker remote from the thing concealed.
10. (Paint.) Having a bluish effect. Cf. Warm, 8. Cold abscess. See under Abscess. — Cold blast See under Blast, n. , 2. — Cold blood. See under Blood, n. , 8. — Cold chill, an ague fit. Wright. — Cold chisel, a chisel of peculiar strength and hardness, for cutting cold metal. Weale. — Cold cream. See under Cream. — Cold slaw. See Cole slaw. — In cold blood, without excitement or passion; deliberately.
"He was slain in cold blood after the fight was over." - Sir W. Scott.
To give one the cold shoulder, to treat one with neglect.
Syn. — Gelid; bleak; frigid; chill; indifferent; unconcerned; passionless; reserved; unfeeling; stoical.

Cold, n.
1. The relative absence of heat or warmth.
2. The sensation produced by the escape of heat; chilliness or chillness.
"When she saw her lord prepared to part, A deadly cold ran shivering to her heart." - Dryden.
3. (Med.) A morbid state of the animal system produced by exposure to cold or dampness; a catarrh. Cold sore (Med.), a vesicular eruption appearing about the mouth as the result of a cold, or in the course of any disease attended with fever. — To leave one out in the cold, to overlook or neglect him. [Colloq.]

Cold, v. i. To become cold. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Cold wave
Cold" wave". (Meteor.) In the terminology of the United States Weather Bureau, an unusual fall in temperature, to or below the freezing point, exceeding 16° in twenty-four hours or 20° in thirty-six hours, independent of the diurnal range. { Col•lar•et´, Col•la•rette´ }, n. [F. collerette, dim. of collier. See Collar.] A small collar; specif., a woman’s collar of lace, fur, or other fancy material.

Coldfinch
Cold´finch, n. (Zoöl.) A British wagtail.

Cold-hearted
Cold´-heart•ed, a. Wanting passion or feeling; indifferent. — Cold´-heart•ed•ness, n.

Coldish
Cold´ish, a. Somewhat cold; cool; chilly.

Coldly
Cold´ly, adv. In a cold manner; without warmth, animation, or feeling; with indifference; calmly.
"Withdraw unto some private place, And reason coldly of your grievances." - Shak.

Coldness
Cold´ness, n. The state or quality of being cold.

Cold-short
Cold´-short, a. Brittle when cold; as cold-short iron.

Cold-short
Cold´-short, a. [Prob. fr. Sw. kallskör; kall cold + skör brittle. Oxf. E. D.] (Metal.) Brittle when cold (that is, below a red heat). — Cold´-short•ness, n.

Cold-shut
Cold´-shut, a. (Metal.) Closed while too cold to become thoroughly welded; — said of a forging or casting. — n. An imperfection caused by such insufficient welding.

Cole, n. [OE. col, caul, AS. cawl, cawel, fr. L. caulis, the stalk or stem of a plant, esp. a cabbage stalk, cabbage, akin to Gr. . Cf. Cauliflower, Kale.] (Bot.) A plant of the Brassica or Cabbage genus; esp. that form of B. oleracea called rape and coleseed.

Colegoose
Cole´goose, n. (Zoöl.) See Coalgoose.

Colemouse
Cole´mouse, n. (Zoöl.) See Coletit.

Coleoptera
Co•le•op´te•ra, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. sheath-winged; sheath + wing.] (Zoöl.) An order of insects having the anterior pair of wings (elytra) hard and horny, and serving as coverings for the posterior pair, which are membranous, and folded transversely under the others when not in use. The mouth parts form two pairs of jaws (mandibles and maxillae) adapted for chewing. Most of the Coleoptera are known as beetles and weevils. { Co•le•op´ter•al, Co•le•op´ter•ous } a. [Gr. .] (Zoöl.) Having wings covered with a case or sheath; belonging to the Coleoptera.

Coleopteran
Co•le•op´ter•an, n. (Zoöl.) One of the order of Coleoptera.

Coleopterist
Co•le•op´ter•ist, n. One versed in the study of the Coleoptera.

Coleorhiza
Co•le•o•rhi´za, n. [NL., fr. Gr. sheath + root.] A sheath in the embryo of grasses, inclosing the caulicle. Gray.

Coleperch
Cole´perch, n. (Zoöl.) A kind of small black perch.

Colera
Col´e•ra, n. [L. cholera. See Choler.] Bile; choler. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Coleseed
Cole´seed, n. The common rape or cole.

Coleslaw
Cole´slaw, n. [D. kool slaa cabbage salad.] A salad made of sliced cabbage.

Co-lessee
Co•-les•see´, n. A partner in a lease taken.

Co-lessor
Co•-les•sor´, n. A partner in giving a lease.

Colestaff
Cole´staff, n. See Colstaff. { Col´et, Col´let }[Corrupted fr. acolyte.] An inferior church servant. [Obs.] See Acolyte. { Cole´tit•Coal´tit } n. (Zoöl.) A small European titmouse ( Parus ater), so named from its black color; — called also coalmouse and colemouse.

Colewort
Cole´wort, n. [AS. cawlwyrt; cawl cole + wyrt wort. Cf. Collards.]
1. A variety of cabbage in which the leaves never form a compact head.
2. Any white cabbage before the head has become firm.

Colic
Col´ic, n. [F. colique, fr. L. colicus sick with the colic, GR., fr.,, the colon. The disease is so named from its being seated in or near the colon. See Colon.] (Med.) A severe paroxysmal pain in the abdomen, due to spasm, obstruction, or distention of some one of the hollow viscera. Hepatic colic, the severe pain produced by the passage of a gallstone from the liver or gall bladder through the bile duct. — Intestinal colic, or Ordinary colic, pain due to distention of the intestines by gas. — Lead colic, Painter’s colic, a violent form of intestinal colic, associated with obstinate constipation, produced by chronic lead poisoning. — Renal colic, the severe pain produced by the passage of a calculus from the kidney through the ureter. — Wind colic. See Intestinal colic, above.

Colic
Col´ic, a.
1. Of or pertaining to colic; affecting the bowels. Milton.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the colon; as the colic arteries.

Colical
Col´ic•al, a. Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of, colic. Swift.

Colicky
Col´ick•y, a. Pertaining to, or troubled with, colic; as a colicky disorder.

Colicroot
Col´ic•root, n. A bitter American herb of the Bloodwort family, with the leaves all radical, and the small yellow or white flowers in a long spike ( Aletris farinosa and A. aurea). Called sometimes star grass, blackroot, blazing star, and unicorn root.

Colin
Col´in, n. [F. colin; prop. a dim. of Colas, contr. fr. Nicolas Nicholas.] (Zoöl.) The American quail or bobwhite. The name is also applied to other related species. See Bobwhite.

Coll, v. t. [OF. coler, fr. L. collum neck.] To embrace. [Obs.] "They coll and kiss him." Latimer.

Collaborateur
Col•la•bo•ra•teur´, n. [F.] See Collaborator.

Collaborator
Col•lab´o•ra•tor, n. [L. collaborare to labor together; col- + laborare to labor: cf. F. collaborateur.] An associate in labor, especially in literary or scientific labor.

Collagen
Col´la•gen, n. [Gr. ko•lla glue + -gen.] (Physiol. Chem.) The chemical basis of ordinary connective tissue, as of tendons or sinews and of bone. On being boiled in water it becomes gelatin or glue.

Collagenous
Col•lag´e•nous, a. (Physiol.) Containing or resembling collagen.

Collapse
Col•lapse´, v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Collapsed p. pr. & vb. n. Collapsing] [L. collapsus, p. p. of collabi to collapse; col- + labi to fall, slide. See Lapse.]
1. To fall together suddenly, as the sides of a hollow vessel; to close by falling or shrinking together; to have the sides or parts of (a thing) fall in together, or be crushed in together; as a flue in the boiler of a steam engine sometimes collapses.
"A balloon collapses when the gas escapes from it." - Maunder.
2. To fail suddenly and completely, like something hollow when subject to too much pressure; to undergo a collapse; as Maximilian’s government collapsed soon after the French army left Mexico; many financial projects collapse after attaining some success and importance.

Collapse
Col•lapse´, n.
1. A falling together suddenly, as of the sides of a hollow vessel.
2. A sudden and complete failure; an utter failure of any kind; a breakdown. [Colloq.]
3. (Med.) Extreme depression or sudden failing of all the vital powers, as the result of disease, injury, or nervous disturbance.

Collapsion
Col•lap´sion, n. [L. collapsio.] Collapse. [R.] Johnson.

Collar
Col´lar, n. [OE. coler, coller, OF. colier, F. collier, necklace, collar, fr. OF. col neck, F. cou, fr. L. collum; akin to AS. heals, G. & Goth. hals. Cf. Hals, n. ]
1. Something worn round the neck, whether for use, ornament, restraint, or identification; as the collar of a coat; a lady’s collar; the collar of a dog.
2. (Arch.) (a) A ring or cincture. (b) A collar beam.
3. (Bot.) The neck or line of junction between the root of a plant and its stem. Gray.
4. An ornament worn round the neck by knights, having on it devices to designate their rank or order.
5. (Zoöl.) (a) A ringlike part of a mollusk in connection with esophagus. (b) A colored ring round the neck of a bird or mammal.
6. (Mech.) A ring or round flange upon, surrounding, or against an object, and used for restraining motion within given limits, or for holding something to its place, or for hiding an opening around an object; as a collar on a shaft, used to prevent endwise motion of the shaft; a collar surrounding a stovepipe at the place where it enters a wall. The flanges of a piston and the gland of a stuffing box are sometimes called collars.
7. (Naut.) An eye formed in the bight or bend of a shroud or stay to go over the masthead; also a rope to which certain parts of rigging, as dead-eyes, are secured.
8. (Mining) A curb, or a horizontal timbering, around the mouth of a shaft. Raymond. Collar beam (Arch.), a horizontal piece of timber connecting and tying together two opposite rafters; — also called simply collar. — Collar of brawn, the quantity of brawn bound up in one parcel. [Eng.] Johnson. — Collar day, a day of great ceremony at the English court, when persons, who are dignitaries of honorary orders, wear the collars of those orders. — To slip the collar, to get free; to disentangle one’s self from difficulty, labor, or engagement. Spenser.

Collar
Col´lar, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Collared p. pr. & vb. n. Collaring.]
1. To seize by the collar.
2. To put a collar on. To collar beef (or other meat), to roll it up, and bind it close with a string preparatory to cooking it.

Collards
Col´lards, n. pl. [Corrupted fr. colewort.] Young cabbage, used as "greens"; esp. a kind cultivated for that purpose; colewort. [Colloq. Souther U. S.]

Collared
Col´lared, a.
1. Wearing a collar. "Collared with gold." Chaucer.
2. (Her.) Wearing a collar; — said of a man or beast used as a bearing when a collar is represented as worn around the neck or loins.
3. Rolled up and bound close with a string; as collared beef. See To collar beef, under Collar, v. t.

Collate
Col•late´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Collated; p. pr. & vb. n. Collating.] [From Collation.]
1. To compare critically, as books or manuscripts, in order to note the points of agreement or disagreement.
"I must collage it, word, with the original Hebrew." - Coleridge.
2. To gather and place in order, as the sheets of a book for binding.
3. (Eccl.) To present and institute in a benefice, when the person presenting is both the patron and the ordinary; — followed by to.
4. To bestow or confer. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Collate
Col•late´, v. i. (Ecl.) To place in a benefice, when the person placing is both the patron and the ordinary.
"If the bishop neglets to collate within six months, the right to do it devolves on the archbishop." - Encyc. Brit.

Collateral
Col•lat´er•al, a. [LL. collateralis; col- + lateralis lateral. See Lateral.]
1. Coming from, being on, or directed toward, the side; as collateral pressure. "Collateral light." Shak.
2. Acting in an indirect way.
"If by direct or by collateral hand They find us touched, we will our kingdom give … To you in satisfaction." - Shak.
3. Related to, but not strictly a part of, the main thing or matter under consideration; hence, subordinate; not chief or principal; as collateral interest; collateral issues.
"That he [Attebury] was altogether in the wrong on the main question, and on all the collateral questions springing out of it, … is true." - Macaulay.
4. Tending toward the same conclusion or result as something else; additional; as collateral evidence.
"Yet the attempt may give Collateral interest to this homely tale." - Wordsworth.
5. (Genealogy) Descending from the same stock or ancestor, but not in the same line or branch or one from the other; — opposed to lineal. Lineal descendants proceed one from another in a direct line; collateral relations spring from a common ancestor, but from different branches of that common stirps or stock. Thus the children of brothers are collateral relations, having different fathers, but a common grandfather. Blackstone. Collateral assurance, that which is made, over and above the deed itself. — Collateral circulation (Med. & Physiol.), circulation established through indirect or subordinate branches when the supply through the main vessel is obstructed. — Collateral issue. (Law) (a) An issue taken upon a matter aside from the merits of the case. (b) An issue raised by a criminal convict who pleads any matter allowed by law in bar of execution, as pardon, diversity of person, etc. (c) A point raised, on cross-examination, aside from the issue fixed by the pleadings, as to which the answer of the witness, when given, cannot subsequently be contradicted by the party asking the question. — Collateral security, security for the performance of covenants, or the payment of money, besides the principal security,

Collateral
Col•lat´er•al, n.
1. A collateral relative. Ayliffe.
2. Collateral security; that which is pledged or deposited as collateral security.

Collaterally
Col•lat´er•al•ly, adv.
1. Side by side; by the side.
"These pulleys … placed collaterally." - Bp. Wilkins.
2. In an indirect or subordinate manner; indirectly.
"The will hath force upon the conscience collaterally and indirectly." - Jer. Taylor.
3. In collateral relation; not lineally.

Collateralness
Col•lat´er•al•ness, n. The state of being collateral.

Collation
Col•la´tion, n. [OE. collacioun speech, conference, reflection, OF. collacion, F. collation, fr. L. collatio a bringing together, comparing, fr. collatum (used as the supine of conferre); col- + latium (used as the supine of ferre to bear), for tlatum. See Tolerate, v. t.]
1. The act of collating or comparing; a comparison of one copy er thing (as of a book, or manuscript) with another of a like kind; comparison, in general. Pope.
2. (Print.) The gathering and examination of sheets preparatory to binding.
3. The act of conferring or bestowing. [Obs.]
"Not by the collation of the king … but by the people." - Bacon.
4. A conference. [Obs.] Chaucer.
5. (Eccl. Law) The presentation of a clergyman to a benefice by a bishop, who has it in his own gift.
6. (Law) (a) The act of comparing the copy of any paper with its original to ascertain its conformity. (b) The report of the act made by the proper officers.
7. (Scots Law) The right which an heir has of throwing the whole heritable and movable estates of the deceased into one mass, and sharing it equally with others who are of the same degree of kindred. This also obtains in the civil law, and is found in the code of Louisiana. Bouvier.
8. (Eccles.) A collection of the Lives of the Fathers or other devout work read daily in monasteries.
9. A light repast or luncheon; as a cold collation; — first applied to the refreshment on fast days that accompanied the reading of the collation in monasteries.
"A collation of wine and sweetmeats." - Whiston.
Collation of seals (Old Law), a method of ascertaining the genuinendss of a$seal by’compariog it with another known to be genuine. Bouvier.

Collation
Col•la´tion, v. i. To partake of a collation. [Obs.]
"May 20, 1658, I … collationed in Spring Garden." - Evelyn.

Collationer
Col•la´tion•er, n. (Print.) One who examines the sheets of a book that has just been printed, to ascertain whether they are correctly printed, paged, etc. [Eng.]

Collatitious
Col•la•ti´tious, a. [L. collatitius. See Collation.] Brought together; contributed; done by contributions. [Obs.] Bailey.

Collator
Col•la´tor, n. [L.]
1. One who collates manuscripts, books, etc. Addison.
2. (Eccl. Law) One who collates to a benefice.
3. One who confers any benefit. [Obs.] Feltham.

Collaud
Col•laud´, v. t. [L. collaudare; col- + laudare to praise.] To join in praising. [Obs.] Howell.

Colleague
Col´league (kol"leg), n. [F. collègue, L. collega one chosen at the same time with another, a partner in office; col- + legare to send or choose as deputy. See Legate.] A partner or associate in some civil or ecclesiastical office or employment. It is never used of partners in trade or manufactures.
Syn. — Helper; assistant; coadjutor; ally; associate; companion; confederate.

Colleague
Col•league´ (kol•leg"), v. t. & i. To unite or associate with another or with others. [R.] Shak.

Colleagueship
Col´league•ship, n. Partnership in office. Milton.

Collect
Col•lect´, v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Collected; p. pr. & vb. n. Collecting.] [L. collecrus, p. p. of collerige to bind together; col- + legere to gather: cf. OF. collecter. See Legend, and cf. Coil, v. t., Cull, v. t.]
1. To gather into one body or place; to assemble or bring together; to obtain by gathering.
"A band of men Collected choicely from each country." - Shak.
"’Tis memory alone that enriches the mind, by preserving what our labor and industry daily collect." - Watts.
2. To demand and obtain payment of, as an account, or other indebtedness; as to collect taxes.
3. To infer from observed facts; to conclude from premises. [Archaic.] Shak.
"Which sequence, I conceive, is very ill collected." - Locke.
To collect one’s self, to recover from surprise, embarrassment, or fear; to regain self- control.
Syn. — To gather; assemble; congregate; muster; accumulate; garner; aggregate; amass; infer; deduce.

Collect
Col•lect´, v. i.
1. To assemble together; as the people collected in a crowd; to accumulate; as snow collects in banks.
2. To infer; to conclude. [Archaic]
"Whence some collect that the former word imports a plurality of persons." - South.

Collect
Col´lect, n. [LL. collecta, fr. L. collecta a collection in money; an assemblage, fr. collerige: cf. F. collecte. See Collect, v. t.] A short, comprehensive prayer, adapted to a particular day, occasion, or condition, and forming part of a liturgy.
"The noble poem on the massacres of Piedmont is strictly a collect in verse." - Macaulay.

Collectedly
Col•lect´ed•ly, adv. Composedly; coolly.

Collectedness
Col•lect´ed•ness, n. A collected state of the mind; self-possession.

Collectible
Col•lect´i•ble, a. Capable of being collected.

Collection
Col•lec´tion, n. [L. collectio: cf. F. collection.]
1. The act or process of collecting or of gathering; as the collection of specimens.
2. That which is collected; as: (a) A gathering or assemblage of objects or of persons. "A collection of letters." Macaulay. (b) A gathering of money for charitable or other purposes, as by passing a contribution box for freewill offerings. "The collection for the saints." 1 Cor. xvi. 1 (c) ( Usually in pl.) That which is obtained in payment of demands. (d) An accumulation of any substance. "Collections of moisture." Whewell. "A purulent collection." Dunglison.
3. The act of inferring or concluding from premises or observed facts; also that which is inferred. [Obs.]
"We may safely say thus, that wrong collections have been hitherto made out of those words by modern divines." - Milton.
4. The jurisdiction of a collector of excise. [Eng.]
Syn. — Gathering; assembly; assemblage; group; crowd; congregation; mass; heap; compilation.

Collectional
Col•lec´tion•al (- al), a. Of or pertaining to collecting.
"The first twenty-five [years] must have been wasted for collectional purposes." - H. A. Merewether.

Collective
Col•lect´ive, a. [L. collectivus: cf. F. collectif.]
1. Formed by gathering or collecting; gathered into a mass, sum, or body; congregated or aggregated; as the collective body of a nation. Bp. Hoadley.
2. Deducing consequences; reasoning; inferring. [Obs.] "Critical and collective reason." Sir T. Browne.
3. (Gram.) Expressing a collection or aggregate of individuals, by a singular form; as a collective name or noun, like assembly, army, jury, etc.
4. Tending to collect; forming a collection.
"Local is his throne … to fix a point, A central point, collective of his sons." - Young.
5. Having plurality of origin or authority; as in diplomacy, a note signed by the representatives of several governments is called a collective note. Collective fruit (Bot.), that which is formed from a mass of flowers, as the mulberry, pineapple, and the like; — called also multiple fruit. Gray.

Collective
Col•lect´ive, n. (Gram.) A collective noun or name.

Collectively
Col•lect´ive•ly, adv. In a mass, or body; in a collected state; in the aggregate; unitedly.

Collectiveness
Col•lect´ive•ness, n. A state of union; mass.

Collectivism
Col•lect´iv•ism, n. [Cf. F. collectivisme.] (Polit. Econ.) The doctrine that land and capital should be owned by society collectively or as a whole; communism. W. G. Summer.

Collectivist
Col•lect´iv•ist, n. [Cf. F. collectiviste.] An advocate of collectivism. — a. Relating to, or characteristic of, collectivism.

Collectivity
Col•lec•tiv´i•ty, n.
1. Quality or state of being collective.
2. The collective sum. aggregate, or mass of anything; specif., the people as a body; the state.
"The proposition to give work by the collectivity is supposed to be in contravention of the sacred principle of monopolistic competition." W. D. Howells.
3. (Polit. Econ.) Collectivism.

Collector
Col•lect´or, n. [LL. collector one who collects: cf. F. collecteur.]
1. One who collects things which are separate; esp., one who makes a business or practice of collecting works of art, objects in natural history, etc.; as a collector of coins.
"I digress into Soho to explore a bookstall. Methinks I have been thirty years a collector." - Lamb.
2. A compiler of books; one who collects scattered passages and puts them together in one book.
"Volumes without the collector’s own reflections." - Addison.
3. (Com.) An officer appointed and commissioned to collect and receive customs, duties, taxes, or toll.
"A great part of this is now embezzled … by collectors, and other officers." - Sir W. Temple.
4. One authorized to collect debts.
5. A bachelor of arts in Oxford, formerly appointed to superintend some scholastic proceedings in Lent. Todd.

Collectorate
Col•lect´or•ate, n. The district of a collector of customs; a collectorship.

Collectorship
Col•lect´or•ship, n. The office of a collector of customs or of taxes.

Colleen
Col•leen´, n. [Ir. cailin.] A girl; a maiden. [Anglo-Irish]
"Of all the colleens in the landSweet Mollie is the daisy." The Century.

Collegatary
Col•leg´a•ta•ry, n. [L. collegetarius. See Legatary.] (Law) A joint legatee.