Scandlic
adj. disgraceful, S. See Schonde.
Scaplorye
sb. a kind of scarf, Prompt.; scaplory, scapelory, Cath.,
S; scaplorey, Voc.; scapelary, Prompt.; chapolory,
S3; scaplery, Cath. (n); scapularye, Cath.
(n); scopelarie, Cath. (n).—Church Lat.
scapulare, from scapula, shoulder (Vulg.).
Scarl
sb. scare-crow, bugbear, HD; scarle, Cath.
Scarren
v. to scare, SD; see Skerren.
Scars
adj. scarce, SD; scarce, Prompt.; scarsliche,
adv., scarcely, SD; scarslych, sparingly, S2;
scarsly, parsimoniously, C, Prompt.; scarseli,
W.—AF. escars; Late Lat. excarpsum.
Scarsetè
sb. scarcity, C3; scarste, S2.—OF. scharseté
(Ducange).
Scarsnesse
sb. scarceness, Prompt.
Scarth
sb. sherd, H; skarth, JD.—Icel. skarð. Cf.
Scherde.
Scat
sb. treasure, S.—AS. sceat: OS. skat; cp.
OHG. scaz (Tatian).
Scaðe
sb. harm, S, C2; schathe, S2; skaith, S3;
skathe, C, G; scath, WA; skath, H.—Icel.
skaði; cp. OHG. scado (Otfrid).
Scean
pt. s. shone, S; see Schynen.
Sceappend
sb. creator, S; see Scheppende.
Scel
Schal.
Sceolde
Scholde.
Scewie
imp. pl. let us see, S; see Schewen.
Schade
sb. shade, shadow, WA; schadowe, Prompt.; schadewe,
S; shadwe, C2, C3. Phr.: in ssede, darkly,
S2.—AS. sceadu (stem sceadwa): OS. skado; cp.
OHG. scato (Tatian).
Schaft
sb. shape, make, form, creature, S, S2; schafte, PP;
shafte, PP; scepþe, S2; schafte, pl., S;
safte, S; ssepþes, S2.—AS.
(ge)sceaft.
Schakaris
sb. pl. drops of dew hanging down, S3.
Schaken
v. to shake, Prompt.; ssake, S2; sakeð, pr.
s., S; schok, pt. s., S, S2; schake,
pp., C.—AS. sceacan, pt. scóc, pp.
scacen.
Schal
1, 3 pt. pr. s. shall, S; sceal, S; scal, S;
sceol, S; scel, S; schel, S2; ssel, S2;
shal, S, S2, C2, C3; sal, S, S2; sall, H;
sale, S2; salt, 2 pr. s., S2;
ssalt, S2; schulen, pl., S; schullen, S. S2;
schulle, S; schulleþ, S; schule, S; sculen,
S; schuln, C; scullen, S; scule, S; shulen,
S; shullen, C3; shulle, S; shul, S2, C3;
shule, S2; sulen, S; sule, S; sullen, S;
sulle, S; scholle, S2; sholen, S; shole, S;
ssolle, S2; solle, S; salle, S2; schaltow,
saltou, shalt thou, S2. Cf. Scholde.
Schalk
sb. servant, man, WA; schalke, S2.—AS. scealc
(Grein): Goth. skalks; cp. OHG. scalc (Tatian).
Schame
sb. shame, S, PP; schome, S; shome, S2;
scheome, S; scome, S; ssame, S2; same,
S.—AS. sceamu.
Schamefast
adj. modest, C.
Schamefastnesse
sb. modesty, C, W.
Schamelich
adj. shameful; schomelich, S, S2; shameliche,
adv., S; shamlic, S2.
Schamien
v. to shame, to be ashamed, S, W; shame, S2; ssame,
S2; samie, S.
Schamylle
sb. stool, Cath.; shamel (= Lat. scabellum),
H; schamel, Cath. (n); schambylle, macellum,
Cath.; shambles, pl., Sh.—AS. scamel (Mt. 5.
35), scamol, sceamul (Voc.); Lat. scamellum; cp.
OF. scamel (Ps. 109. 1), also Lat. scabellum, from
stem scam- in scamnum. See NQ (5. 5. 261).
Schap
sb. shape, PP, C, W2; shap, S, C2; schapp, S2;
schappe, PP; scheape, S; shappe, PP.—AS.
(ge)sceap.
Schapen
v. to form, create, ordain, refl. to dispose oneself,
endeavour, S, C, PP, S3; shape, PP; schop, pt. s.,
S, S2; shop, S; shoop, C2; scop, S; sop, S;
schope, S2; shope, S2, H; schapen, pp., C;
shapen, S, S2, C2; shape, C2; y-schape, S2;
yshapen, C2; yshape, C3.—AS. sceapan, pt.
scóp (scéop), pp. sceapen.
Schapien
v. to create, form; schepien,
S; schapide, pt. s., W; shaped, pp., S. Cf.
Scheppen.
Schaply
adj. fit, C.
Schaplynesse
sb. beauty, W2.
Scharp
adj. sharp; scharpe, S; scherpe, S; scærp,
S; scharpe, adv., S; sharpe, C2.—AS.
scearp.
Scharpin
v. to make sharp; scherpit, pt. s., S3.
Schaven
v. to shave, scrape, PP; schauyde, pt. s., W2;
shauen, pp., S; schave, C; y-schaue, S2;
y-shaue, C2; ischaven, S. Der.: shauing,
a thin slice, C3.—AS. sceafan, pt. scóf, pp.
scafen.
Schawe
sb. a shaw, wood, grove, S2, G, S3, HD, Cath.; schaw, WA,
B; schowe, HD; shawes, pl., PP.—AS.
scaga; cp. Icel. skógr.
Schawen
v. to shew, S, S2, S3; see Schewen.
Schawere
sb. a veil, S; scawere, mirror, S; sseawere, S2;
schewere, WA.
Schawles
sb. scare-crow, an appearance, S; schewelles, ND;
sewell, HD.—From the same root as G. scheuche. See
Schey.
Sche
Sheo.
Scheawen
v. to appear, S2; see Schewen.
Schede
sb. the parting of a man’s hair, Cath.; see Schode.
Scheden
v. to separate, to part the hair, to shed, pour, S, PP, W2;
shædenn, S; sheden, PP; shode, HD; schedde,
pt. s., PP; shedde, C2; shadde, C2; ssedde,
S2; i-sched, pp., S; shad, S.—AS.
scéadan, pt. scéod, pp. scéaden; cp. OHG.
skeidan (Tatian), G. scheiten.
Scheef
sb. sheaf, Prompt.; shef, C; schof, Prompt.;
scheffe, Prompt.; shæfess, pl., S.—AS.
scéaf.
Scheep
sb. sheep, Prompt.; shep, S; schepe, Cath.;
pl., S2; shep, S; sep, S.—AS.
scéap.
Scheep
sb. shepherd, S2, PP; shepe, P; shep, PP;
chep, PP, Notes (p. 458).—AS. *scéapa (scépa).
Scheld
sb. shield, S, C, W2; sheld, S; sseld, S2;
scheeld, C; shel, S; scheelde, Prompt.—AS.
scield, scyld.
Schelden
v. to shield, PP; schilden, S, G; shilden, C2;
silden, S.
Schelder
sb. shielder, S2.
Scheltroun
sb. shelter, defence, a strong shield, also a body of
troops, battalion, PP; scheltron, Prompt.; scheltrone,
acies, Voc.; scheltrom, PP, S2; scheltrun, W2;
shultrom, PP; schiltrum, B; childrome, B;
jeltron, shield, shelter, SkD (s.v. shelter).—AS.
scild-truma, a shield-troop (Leo); cp. AF.
chiltron.
Schench
sb. draught of beer or wine, SD; senche, S;
schenche, dat., S.—Icel. skenkr, the serving
of drink.
Schenchen
v. to pour out beer or wine, to offer a good thing, S, CM;
shenchen, S2; schenkyn, Prompt.—AS. scencan,
to pour out drink (Grein); cp. OHG. scenken (Otfrid), Icel.
skenkja; from AS. sceanc, shank, a hollow bone used
for drawing off liquor. See SkD (s.v. nunchion).
Schenden
v. to harm, ruin, disgrace, PP, S, S2, W2, S3; shenden,
PP, C2, H; scenden, S; ssende, S2; sende, S;
shende, pt. s., S; schente, S; schent,
pp., S, S2, C, W2, G; shent, PP, C2.—AS.
scendan. See Schonde.
Schendful
adj. disgraceful, SD; schendfulliche, adv., PP;
shendfulliche, PP.
Schendlac
sb. disgrace, S.
Schendschip
sb. disgrace, hurt, ruin; schenschip, W, W2;
schenship, H; schenshepe, PP.
Schene
adj. bright, S, S2, S3, C; scene, S2; scheyn, S3;
shene, C2, S3; sheene, S2, S3, C3; schenre,
comp., S.—AS. scéne: OS. skóni; cp. OHG.
scóni (Otfrid).
Scheome
sb. shame, S; see Schame.
Scheot
pr. s. shoots, S; see Scheten.
Schepieð
imp. pl. shape, S; see Schapien.
Schepne
sb. shed, stall, stable, C; schepyn, bostar, Voc.;
shippen, HD; schyppune, Voc.; shepnes, pl.,
CM.—AS. scypen, ‘bovile’ (Voc.). Cf. Schoppe.
Scheppen
v. to create, form, SD; schupte, pt. s.,
S.—AS. sceppan, scyppan.
Scheppende
sb. creator; sceppende, S; sceppend, S;
sceappend, S; sheppendes, pl., S.
Scheppere
sb. creator; schuppere, S; shepper, PP.—Cp.
OHG. sceppheri (Otfrid), G. schöpfer.
Scherald
adj. cut by the plough-share, S3.
Scherde
sb. sherd, Prompt.
Schere
sb. shears, C; shere, C2, PP; særes,
pl., S.
Schere
v. to shear, S3, S2; schæren, S; sheren, to reap,
cut, S, C2; scorn, pp., S2; soren, S;
y-schore, S2.—AS. sceran (scieran), pt.
scear (pl. scéaron), pp. scoren.
Schere
adj. pure, bright, clear, SD; skere, adv., SD;
sker, clean, entirely, S. Comb.: Shere Þursdai, the
Thursday in Holy Week, S.—Icel. skærr; cp.
skíri-þórsdagr, skír-dagr, names for Maundy Thursday. See
Schyre.
Scherpit
pt. s. sharpened, S3; see Scharpin.
Scherreue
sb. sheriff, G; see under Schyre.
Scherte
sb. shirt, C, C2, PP, Voc.; sherte, PP; shurte,
SkD; schyrt, Voc.; shirte, SkD.—Icel.
skyrta.
Schete
sb. sheet, Prompt., P; shete, C3.—AS. scéte,
for scýte, see SkD.
Scheten
v. to shoot, rush, S, W2, Prompt.; scheete, G;
ssete, S2; schut, S2; schute, B; scheot,
pr. s., S; schot, pt. s., S2, B; sscet, S2;
shote, pp., S2; ishote, S; iscote, S;
issote, S2.—AS. scéotan, pt. scéat (pl.
scuton), pp. scoten.
Scheter
sb. shooter, SD; schetare, Prompt.;
ssetar, S2.
Schethe
sb. sheath, W (Jo. 15. 11), Cath.; shethe, C2.—AS.
scéað; cp. OHG. skeidâ (Tatian).
Schetten
v. to shut, C3, Prompt.; schitte, G, W2; schitte,
pt. s., W; shette, G, P; pl., C2, C3; schet,
pp., C, W; shet, C3; schit, W; ischet, G;
y-schette, S2, C3.—AS. scyttan.
Schewen
v. to show, appear, S, PP, S3; scheawen, S2;
scheauwen, S; schewi, S, S2; schaw, S2, S3, S;
sceawen, S; sceu, S2; scawen, S; shewe, PP;
shæwenn, S; sseawy, S2; seawen, S.—AS.
scéawian, to see, also to make to see, shew: OS. skáwon,
to look, see.
Schey
adj. timid, shy, Prompt.; sceouh, SkD.—AS.
scéoh. Cf. Eschewen,
Schawles.
Schide
sb. a splinter, WA.—AS. scíde; cp. G. scheit,
see Kluge.
Schift
sb. shift, change; shift, Sh. Phr.: at a
schift, on a sudden, in a moment, S2.
Schiften
v. to change, shift, to part asunder, to divide, to discern, SkD;
schyftyn, Prompt.; shifte, C3; scyft, pr.
s., S; shifte him, pt. s., removed himself,
PP.—AS. sciftan (scyftan), to divide.
Schilden
v. to shield, S; see Schelden.
Schip
sb. ship, S; schup, S; scipen, dat., S;
schupe, S; sipe, S; schupes, gen., S;
schipes, pl., S; schippes, S; scipen, S;
sipes, S; ssipes, S2. Comb.: schip-bord;
phr.: on schipbord, on board a ship, S2;
ship-breche, shipwreck, W; schip-man, shipman, C;
shipman, C2; scipenmonnen, pl. dat., S;
ssip-uol, shipful, S2; schupeward, shipward, S;
ship-wracke, shipwreck, S3.—AS. scip.
Schirchen
v. to shriek, S; see Schrychen.
Schirmen
v. to skirmish, fence, S; skirmen, S; skyrmez,
pr. s., glides swiftly on flapping wings, S2.—Cp. Du.
schermen, to fence, from scherm, screen, protection, OHG.
scirm, protection (Otfrid).
Schitte
v. to shut, G; see Schetten.
Scho
sb. shoe, W2; schoo, C, Prompt.; schon, pl.,
S2, S3; schone, S, W; schoon, S2, W, G; shoon, C2,
W; shon, PP.—AS. scéoh, pl. scéos, gen. pl.
scéona.
Scho
Sheo.
Schod
pp. shod, W, Prompt.; shodde, P.
Schode
sb. the parting of a man’s hair, the temple or top of the head,
C; schood, CM.—AS. scáde, ‘vertex capilli’ (Grein);
cp. G. scheitel. See Scheden.
Schoggyn
v. to shake, toss, Prompt.; schogs, pr. s., WA;
schoggid, pp., W.
Scholde
pt. s. should, S, S2; scolde, S; sceolde, S;
sholde, S, C2, C3; sculde, S; schulde, S;
shulde, S, C2, C3; sulde, S; suld, S2;
shuld, S2; solde, S; scholte, S; soul, H;
soule, H; scholden, pl., S; scolden, S;
ssolde, S2; suld, S2.—AS. scolde. See Schal.
Scholle
Schal.
Schome
sb. shame, S; see Schame.
Schomelich
adj. shameful, S; see Schamelich.
Schon
pl. of Scho, q.v.
Schon
pt. s. shone, C, G; see Schynen.
Schonde
sb. disgrace, S; shonde, C2.—AS. scand
(sceand), scond (OET).
Schonye
v. shun, P; see Schunien.
Schop
pt. s. created, S; see Schapen.
Schoppe
sb. shop, S2, Prompt., SkD. Cf. Schepne.
Schore
sb. a notch or line cut, a number, score, twenty, S2, PP;
score, G, Prompt., PP.—AS. scor; cp. Icel.
skor, an incision. See Scheren.
Schort
adj. short, Prompt.; schorte, S2; scort, S,
S2.—AS. sceort; cp. OHG. scurz.
Schorteliche
adv. briefly, C.
Schorten
v. to make short, C, Prompt.
Schot
pt. s. rushed, S2; see Scheten.
Schouel
sb. shovel, Prompt.; showell, S3.—AS. scofl
(Voc.).
Schowpe
sb. a hip, cornum, Cath. Comb.: schowpe-tre,
the briar, Cath.; scope-tre, Cath. (n).
Schowre
sb. shower, Prompt.; schur, SD; shoures,
pl., PP, C2; sures, S.—AS. scúr: Goth.
skura.
Schowwyn
v. to shove, Prompt.; schowued, pp., S2.—AS.
scofian.
Schowynge
sb. pushing, Prompt.; showuing, C3.
Schraf
pt. s. shrove, S3; see Schriuen.
Schrapen
v. to scrape, PP.—Icel. skrapa.
Schreden
v. to clothe, S; see Schrouden.
Schreden
v. to cut, Prompt.; shredde, pt. s., C2.—AS.
scréadian.
Schredynge
sb. a cutting of herbs, Prompt.; schridyng, W2.
Schrenchen
v. to make to fall, to deceive, S; screnche, S;
scrennkenn, S.—AS. (ge)screncan,
‘supplantare,’ Ps. 17. 40 (VP); cp. OHG. screnken (Otfrid).
Schrewe
adj. and sb. wicked, bad, a wicked one, sinner,
peevish woman, the devil, G, W2, S2, P, S, CM; shrewe, C2, P;
shrew, S3, H, S2, C3; screwe, PP. Cp. AS. scréawa,
a shrew-mouse (Voc.).
Schrewen
v. to curse, CM, C.
Schrewid
adj. cursed, bad, W, W2.
Schrewidnesse
sb. wickedness, W2; shrewednesse, P.
Schrift
sb. shrift, confession, S2; scrift, S; schrifte,
dat., S2; shrifte, S.—AS. scrift.
Schrifte
sb. confessor, S; shrifte, S; scrifte, S.
Schrippe
sb. scrip, bag, S2, PP; shrippe, PP; scrippe, S,
S2, W; scryppe, Prompt.
Schriuen
v. to prescribe penance, to confess, S; schryue, S2;
shriue, S; shrife, S2; schraf, pt. s., S2;
schrof, PP; ssriue, pl., S2; shriuen,
pp., S; shryuen, P; scriuen, S2; y-shryue,
PP.—AS. scrífan, to prescribe penance, to receive
confessions; Lat. scribere.
Schroud
sb. dress, garment, PP; scrud, S; shrud, S;
srud, S; schroude, WA, S2; shroudes, pl.,
rough outer clothes, P.—AS. scrúd (Voc.).
Schrouden
v. to clothe; scruden, S; schruden, S;
schreden, S; shrut, pr. s., S; scred, S;
schrowdis, S3; schredde, pt. s.; S, CM;
srid, S; schred, 2 pt. s., S2;
schrudde, pl., S; y-schrowdyt, pp., S3;
ischrud, S; iscrud, S.—AS. scrýdan, also
scrédan.
Schrychen
v. to shriek, screech, Prompt.; schriken, SkD;
scriken, SkD; shriken, SkD; schirchen, S;
shryghte, pt. s., C2; schrighte, C; shryght,
S3; shryched, pl., S3; schrykede, C.—Cp.
Swed. skrika.
Schulde
Scholde.
Schuldere
sb. shoulder, Voc., W, S, C; shulder, Voc.;
ssoldren, pl., S2.—AS. sculdor.
Schulen
Schal.
Schulen
v. to squint, S; skoul, SkD (s.v. scowl).—Cp.
Dan. skule, to scowl.
Schulle
adv. shrilly, S; see Schylle.
Schunchen
v. to cause to shun, to frighten, S.
Schunien
v. to shun, S; schonye, S; shonye, P; sunen,
S.—AS. scúnian.
Schup
sb. ship, S; see Schip.
Schuppere
sb. creator, S; see Scheppere.
Schupte
pt. s. created, S; see Scheppen.
Schur
sb. shower; see Schowre.
Schurge
sb. scourge, S; see Scorge.
Schurten
v. reflex. to amuse (oneself), S.
Schut
v. to shoot, S2; see Scheten.
Schylle
adj. sonorous, shrill, Prompt., Cath.; schille, S, S2;
schill, S3; schille, adv., S, S2; schulle,
S; shulle, PP.
Schylly
adv. sharply, Prompt.
Schyllynge
sb. shilling, Prompt.; schilling, pl., S2;
solidus, Cath.—AS. scilling.
Schyne
sb. shin, C; schynne, Prompt. Comb.:
schyn-bone, Voc.—AS. scina (Voc.).
Schynen
v. to shine, Prompt.; sinen, S; schinen, S;
ssynen, S2; scean, pt. s., S; schon, C, G;
shoon, C2 schane, pl.,
S3, H; sinen, pp., S.—AS. scínan, pt.
scán (pl. scinon), pp. scinen.
Schynyng
sb. lightning, W2.
Schynyngli
adv. splendidly, W.
Schyre
sb. a shire, PP; ssire, S2. Comb.:
schir-reue, shire-reeve, sheriff, S, C; scherreue, G;
schyreue, P; syrreue, S; schirreues, pl.,
S2, PP; shriues, S3; shireues, P.—AS.
scír.
Schyre
adj. bright, clear, Prompt.; schire, S2; shire, H;
shir, S; shyrest, superl., H. Der.:
shyrnes, clearness, purity, H.—AS. scír; cp. Goth.
skeirs. Cf. Schere.
Schytel
sb. shuttle, used for shooting the thread of the woof
between the threads of the warp, SkD; schutylle, Cath.;
schetyl, Prompt. (p. 470). Comb.:
shyttel-cocke, shuttle-cock, S3. See Scheten.
Schyue
sb. a slice, small piece, Prompt.; shive, Sh., ND;
sheeve, ND, JD; schyfes, bits of tow, Cath.—Cp.
Icel. skífa.
Schyuere
sb. a shiver, piece of wood, slice, Prompt.; shiuer, SkD;
scifren, pl., SkD; sciuren, SkD. See above.
Schyueren
v. to break into shivers, splinters, C.
Scipen
pl. ships, S; see Schip.
Scite
sb. city, S; see Citee.
Sclate
sb. slate, Prompt.; sklat, Prompt.; sclattis,
pl., tegulae, W.—OF. esclat, a shiver,
splinter, something broken off with violence (Cotg.), F.
éclat.
Sclaundre
sb. scandal, slander, C2, PP; sclaunder, Prompt.;
sklaundre, PP; slaunder, Prompt.—AF.
esclaundre, OF. escandle; Lat. scandalum (Vulg.);
Gr. σκάνδαλον.
Sclaundre
v. to scandalize, to slander, W, C3; slaunderyd,
pp., Prompt.
Sclauyne
sb. pilgrim’s cloak, S, Cath. (n); slaveyne,
a garment, Prompt., HD; slavyn, Cath.; sklavyn, HD;
sclauayn, Voc.; sclavene, Voc.; slaueyn,
PP.—Low Lat. sclavina, a long garment like that worn
in Slavonic countries (Ducange); cp. AF. esclavine; from the
people called Slav, a name said to be connected with Russ.
slovo, a word, and to mean ‘the speaking, the intelligible.’
See SkD (p. 828).
Sclender
adj. slender, C, SkD; sklendre, C, C2; slendyr,
Prompt.—OF. esclendre (Palsg.); of Teutonic origin; cp.
ODu. slinder; see BH, § 50.
Scleyre
sb. veil, PP; see Sklayre.
Sco
Sheo.
Scolden
Scholde.
Scole
sb. the bowl of a balance, a bowl, Prompt.; scoale,
S; scale, Cath.—Icel. skál, a bowl.
Scole
sb. school, S, C, C2, Prompt. Comb.: scol-meistre,
schoolmistress, S (meistre; OF. meistre; Lat.
magistra, see BH).—Lat. schola; Gr. σχολή, leisure.
Scoler
sb. scholar, C.
Scoleye
v. to attend school, to study, C.
Scop
pt. s. made, S; see Schapen.
Scorclen
v. to scorch, SkD (p. 826); scorkelyn, Prompt.;
scorklyd, pp., Prompt.
Scorcnen
v. to scorch, S.
Scorge
sb. scourge, Prompt.; scourge, W (Jo. 2. 15);
schurge, S.—AF. escorge, OF. escurge; cp. It.
scoreggia (Florio); Lat. ex + corrigia,
a thong, rein, girdle (Ducange), see Diez, p. 109. Derived
from this Lat. corrigia is AF. escurgie, OF.
escourgee (Cotg.): It. scoreggiáta (Florio); Late Lat.
excorrigiata, see Diez, p. 289, and Brachet.
Scorn
pp. shorn, S2; see Schere.
Scoute
sb. scout, spy, SkD.—OF. escoute (Cotg.).
Scouten
v. to scout, pry; skowtez, pr. s., S2.—AF.
escouter, to listen; OF. ascouter, escolter; Lat.
auscultare.
Scowkyng
sb. sculking, ambush, S2, B.—Cp. Dan. skulke, to
slink.
Scred
pr. s. clothes, S; see Schrouden.
Scrippe
sb. scrip, bag, S, S2, W; see Schrippe.
Scriptour
sb. pencase, S3.—OF. escriptoire, a penner
(Cotg.); Late Lat. scriptorium, pencase (Ducange).
Scrit
sb. writing, document, S2; scrip, Sh.; script,
SkD.—OF. escrit, escript; Lat. scriptum.
Scrud
sb. dress, S; see Schroud.
Scruden
v. to clothe,
S; see Schrouden.
Sculde
Scholde.
Sculptilis
sb. pl. idols, W2.—Lat. sculptile, a carved
image (Vulg.).
Scæ
Sheo.
Scærp
adj. sharp, S; see Scharp.