(the Jewish religion, based on the Jewish Scriptures.)

Jul

(written abbreviation) (July.)

July

(the seventh month of the year, the month following June.) iulie

Jun

(written abbreviation)

June

(the sixth month of the year, the month following May.) iunie

['‹u:bilənt]

(showing and expressing triumphant joy: Jubilant crowds welcomed the victorious team home.) exaltant

adverb cu bucurie

noun ((sometimes in plural) (triumphant) rejoicing: There was great jubilation over the victory; The jubilations went on till midnight.) exaltare

(a celebration of a special anniversary (especially the 25th, 50th or 60th) of some event, eg the succession of a king or queen: The king celebrated his golden jubilee (= fiftieth anniversary of his succession) last year.) jubileu

judg(e)ment

1) (the decision of a judge in a court of law: It looked as if he might be acquitted but the judgement went against him.)

2) (the act of judging or estimating: Faulty judgement in overtaking is a common cause of traffic accidents.)

3) (the ability to make right or sensible decisions: You showed good judgement in choosing this method.)

4) ((an) opinion: In my judgement, he is a very good actor.)

judge

1) (to hear and try (cases) in a court of law: Who will be judging this murder case?) a judeca

2) (to decide which is the best in a competition etc: Is she going to judge the singing competition again?; Who will be judging the vegetables at the flower show?; Who is judging at the horse show?) a arbitra

3) (to consider and form an idea of; to estimate: You can't judge a man by his appearance; Watch how a cat judges the distance before it jumps; She couldn't judge whether he was telling the truth.) a aprecia, a evalua

4) (to criticize for doing wrong: We have no right to judge him - we might have done the same thing ourselves.) a critica, a dezaproba

1) (a public officer who hears and decides cases in a law court: The judge asked if the jury had reached a verdict.) judecător

2) (a person who decides which is the best in a competition etc: The judge's decision is final (= you cannot argue with the judge's decision); He was asked to be on the panel of judges at the beauty contest.)

3) (a person who is skilled at deciding how good etc something is: He says she's honest, and he's a good judge of character; He seems a very fine pianist to me, but I'm no judge.) cunoscător

- judging from / to judge from

- pass judgement on

- pass judgement

judging from / to judge from

(if one can use (something) as an indication: Judging from the sky, there'll be a storm soon.) judecând după

(of a judge or court of law: judicial powers; He might bring judicial proceedings against you.) judiciar

adverb din punct de vedere juridic

(showing wisdom and good sense: a judicious choice of words.) judicios

- judiciousness

judiciously

adverb în mod judicios

judiciousness

noun discernământ

judo

(a Japanese form of wrestling: He learns judo at the sports centre.) judo

jug

(a deep container for liquids, usually with a handle and a shaped lip for pouring: a milk-jug.) ulcior

(to keep throwing in the air and catching a number of objects (eg balls or clubs): He entertained the audience by juggling with four balls and four plates at once.) a jongla (cu)

noun jongleur

juice

1) (the liquid part of fruits or vegetables: She squeezed the juice out of the orange; tomato juice.) suc

2) ((often in plural) the fluid contained in meat: Roasting meat in tin foil helps to preserve the juices.) zeamă

3) ((in plural) fluid contained in the organs of the body, eg to help digestion: digestive/gastric juices.) lichid

noun suculenţă

juicy

adjective zemos, suculent

(a machine that plays selected records automatically when coins are put into it.)

((often with up or together) to mix or throw together without order: In this puzzle, the letters of all the words have been jumbled (up); His shoes and clothes were all jumbled (together) in the cupboard.) a amesteca

1) (a confused mixture: He found an untidy jumble of things in the drawer.) amestec

2) (unwanted possessions suitable for a jumble sale: Have you any jumble to spare?)

jumble sale

(a sale of unwanted possessions, eg used clothing, usually to raise money for a charity etc.)

jump

1) (to (cause to) go quickly off the ground with a springing movement: He jumped off the wall / across the puddle / over the fallen tree / into the swimming-pool; Don't jump the horse over that fence!) a sări, a sălta, a face să salte

2) (to rise; to move quickly (upwards): She jumped to her feet; He jumped into the car.) a sări

3) (to make a startled movement: The noise made me jump.) a tresări

4) (to pass over (a gap etc) by bounding: He jumped the stream easily.) a sări (peste)

1) (an act of jumping: She crossed the stream in one jump.) săritură

2) (an obstacle to be jumped over: Her horse fell at the third jump.) obstacol

3) (a jumping competition: the high jump.) salt

4) (a startled movement: She gave a jump when the door suddenly banged shut.) tresărire

5) (a sudden rise, eg in prices: There has been a jump in the price of potatoes.) creştere bruscă

- jump the queue

- jump to conclusions / jump to the conclusion that

(to take or accept eagerly: He jumped at the chance to go to Germany for a fortnight.) a primi cu plăcere

jump for joy

(to show great pleasure.) a sări în sus de bucurie

(to make a sudden attack on: He was waiting round the corner and jumped on me in the dark.) a sări pe

jump the gun

(to start before the proper time: We shouldn't be going on holiday till tomorrow, but we jumped the gun and caught today's last flight.) a începe înainte de timpul stabilit

jump the queue

(to move ahead of others in a queue without waiting for one's proper turn: Many wealthy or important people try to jump the queue for hospital beds.)

jump to conclusions / jump to the conclusion that

(to form an idea without making sure of the facts: He saw my case in the hall and jumped to the conclusion that I was leaving.) a trage concluzii pripite

(to hurry up: If you don't jump to it you'll miss the train.) a se grăbi

1) (a sweater or jersey.) bluză fără mâneci

2) ((American) a pinafore dress.)

jumpy

adjective (nervous; easily upset: He has been very jumpy and irritable lately.) nervos

(a place at which things (eg railway lines) join: a railway junction; There was an accident at the junction of Park Road and School Lane.) joncţiune

- at this/that juncture

(a thick growth of trees and plants in tropical areas: the Amazon jungle; Tigers are found in the jungles of Asia; (also adjective) soldiers trained in jungle warfare.) junglă

1. noun, adjective

((a person who is) younger in years or lower in rank or authority: He is two years my junior; The school sent two juniors and one senior to take part; junior pupils; He is junior to me in the firm; the junior school.) junior; subaltern; cadet

((often abbreviated to Jnr, Jr or Jun. when written) used to indicate the son of a person who is still alive and who has the same name: John Jones Junior.) fiu

((especially American) a name for the child (usually a son) of a family: Do bring Junior!) cel mic

(a type of evergreen shrub with berries and prickly leaves.) ienupăr

junk

(unwanted or worthless articles; rubbish: That cupboard is full of junk; (also adjective) This vase was bought in a junk shop (= a shop that sells junk).) gunoi

II

noun

(a Chinese flat-bottomed sailing ship, high in the bow and stern.) joncă

noun (food such as potato chips, sweets and doughnuts, which is mass-produced and is of low nutritional value.)

(a dish made of curdled and sweetened milk.) brânză dulce de vacă cu nucşoară şi frişcă

(a slang word for a person who is addicted to drugs, especially heroin.) drogat

junta

(a group of army officers that has taken over the administration of a country by force.) juntă

plural; see jury

jurisdiction

[‹uəris'dikʃən]

(legal power; authority.) jurisdicţie

jurisprudence

[‹uəris'pru:dəns]

(the science of law.) jurisprudenţă

juror

nouns (a member of a jury in a law court.) jurat

jury

plural - juries; noun

1) (a group of people legally selected to hear a case and to decide what are the facts, eg whether or not a prisoner accused of a crime is guilty: The verdict of the jury was that the prisoner was guilty of the crime.)

2) (a group of judges for a competition, contest etc: The jury recorded their votes for the song contest.)

nouns (a member of a jury in a law court.) jurat

just

1) (right and fair: not favouring one more than another: a fair and just decision.) drept

2) (reasonable; based on one's rights: He certainly has a just claim to the money.) legitim

3) (deserved: He got his just reward when he crashed the stolen car and broke his leg.) întemeiat

II

adverb

1) ((often with as) exactly or precisely: This penknife is just what I needed; He was behaving just as if nothing had happened; The house was just as I'd remembered it.) exact

2) ((with as) quite: This dress is just as nice as that one.) la fel de

3) (very lately or recently: He has just gone out of the house.) tocmai

4) (on the point of; in the process of: She is just coming through the door.) tocmai

5) (at the particular moment: The telephone rang just as I was leaving.) exact în momentul în care

6) ((often with only) barely: We have only just enough milk to last till Friday; I just managed to escape; You came just in time.) de-abia

7) (only; merely: They waited for six hours just to get a glimpse of the Queen; `Where are you going?' `Just to the post office'; Could you wait just a minute?) numai, doar

8) (used for emphasis, eg with commands: Just look at that mess!; That just isn't true!; I just don't know what to do.) chiar; doar

9) (absolutely: The weather is just marvellous.) absolut

•

(more or less: Is your watch just about right?) mai mult sau mai puţin

1) (at this particular moment: I can't do it just now.) tocmai acum

2) (a short while ago: She fell and banged her head just now, but she feels better again.) cu puţin timp în urmă

just the job

(entirely suitable: These gloves are just the job for gardening.) tocmai bun

1) (at that particular moment: He was feeling rather hungry just then.) într-un anume moment

2) (in the next minute: She opened the letter and read it. Just then the door bell rang.) imediat

1) (fairness or rightness in the treatment of other people: Everyone has a right to justice; I don't deserve to be punished - where's your sense of justice?) justiţie

2) (the law or the administration of it: Their dispute had to be settled in a court of justice.) justiţie

3) (a judge.) judecată

- bring to justice

- do

- in justice to

justifiable

adjective ((negative unjustifiable) able to be justified: Is dishonesty ever justifiable?) justificabil

justification

1) ((the act of) justifying or excusing.) justificabil

2) (something that justifies: You have no justification for criticizing him in that way.) motiv credibil

1) (to prove or show (a person, action, opinion etc) to be just, right, desirable or reasonable: How can the government justify the spending of millions of pounds on weapons when there is so much poverty in the country?)

2) (to be a good excuse for: Your state of anxiety does not justify your being so rude to me.) a justifica

- justification

adverb He was justly blamed for the accident.) în mod întemeiat

noun dreptate; justiţie

jut

past tense, past participle - jutted; verb

((usually with out) to stick out or project: His top teeth jut out.)

jute

noun, adjective

((of) the fibre of certain plants found in Pakistan and India, used for making sacks etc.) (de/din) iută

see jut

1) ((also noun) (a person who is) young or youthful: She will not be sent to prison - she is still a juvenile; juvenile offenders.) juvenil

2) (childish: juvenile behaviour.) copilăros