local nmap = require "nmap"
local shortport = require "shortport"
local stdnse = require "stdnse"
local string = require "string"
local table = require "table"
local xmpp = require "xmpp"

description = [[
Connects to XMPP server (port 5222) and collects server information such as:
supported auth mechanisms, compression methods, whether TLS is supported
and mandatory, stream management, language, support of In-Band registration,
server capabilities.  If possible, studies server vendor.
]]

---
-- @output
-- PORT     STATE SERVICE REASON  VERSION
-- 5222/tcp open  jabber  syn-ack ejabberd (Protocol 1.0)
-- | xmpp-info:  
-- |   Respects server name
-- |   info: 
-- |     xmpp: 
-- |       lang: en
-- |       version: 1.0
-- |     capabilities:
-- |       node: http://www.process-one.net/en/ejabberd/
-- |       ver: TQ2JFyRoSa70h2G1bpgjzuXb2sU=
-- |     features: 
-- |       In-Band Registration
-- |     auth_mechanisms:
-- |       DIGEST-MD5
-- |       SCRAM-SHA-1
-- |       PLAIN
-- |   pre_tls: 
-- |     features:
-- |_      TLS
--@xmloutput
-- <elem>Respects server name</elem>
-- <table key="info">
--   <table key="xmpp">
--     <elem key="lang">en</elem>
--     <elem key="version">1.0</elem>
--   </table>
--   <table key="capabilities">
--     <elem key="node">http://www.process-one.net/en/ejabberd/</elem>
--     <elem key="ver">TQ2JFyRoSa70h2G1bpgjzuXb2sU=</elem>
--   </table>
--   <table key="features">
--     <elem>In-Band Registration</elem>
--   </table>
--   <table key="auth_mechanisms">
--     <elem>DIGEST-MD5</elem>
--     <elem>SCRAM-SHA-1</elem>
--     <elem>PLAIN</elem>
--   </table>
-- </table>
-- <table key="pre_tls">
--   <table key="features">
--     <elem>TLS</elem>
--   </table>
-- </table>
--
-- @args xmpp-info.server_name If set, overwrites hello name sent to the server.
--       It can be necessary if XMPP server's name differs from DNS name.
-- @args xmpp-info.alt_server_name If set, overwrites alternative hello name sent to the server.
--       This name should differ from the real DNS name.  It is used to find out whether
--       the server refuses to talk if a wrong name is used.  Default is ".".
-- @args xmpp-info.no_starttls If set, disables TLS processing.


author = "Vasiliy Kulikov"
license = "Same as Nmap--See http://nmap.org/book/man-legal.html"
categories = {"default", "safe", "discovery", "version"}


local known_features = {
    ['starttls'] = true,
    ['compression'] = true,
    ['mechanisms'] = true,
    ['register'] = true,
    ['dialback'] = true,
    ['session'] = true,
    ['auth'] = true,
    ['bind'] = true,
    ['c'] = true,
    ['sm'] = true,
    ['amp'] = true,
    ['ver'] = true
}

local check_citadele = function(id1, id2)
    stdnse.print_debug("CHECK")
    local i1 = tonumber(id1, 16)
    local i2 = tonumber(id2, 16)
    return i2 - i1 < 20 and i2 > i1
end

-- Be carefull while adding fingerprints into the table - it must be well sorted
-- as some fingerprints are actually supersetted by another...
local id_database = {
    { 
                --f3af7012-5d06-41dc-b886-42521de4e198
                --''
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 8) .. '[-]' ..
                             string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 4) .. '[-]' ..
                             string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 4) .. '[-]' ..
                             string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 4) .. '[-]' ..
                             string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 12) .. '$',
            regexp2 = '^$',
            name = 'prosody'
    },

    {
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 8) .. '$',
            regexp2 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 8) .. '$',
            name = 'Citidel',
            check = check_citadele
    },

    { 
                --1082952309
                --(no)
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9]', 9) .. '$',
            regexp2 = nil,
            name = 'jabberd'
    },
    { 
                --1082952309
                --(no)
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9]', 10) .. '$',
            regexp2 = nil,
            name = 'jabberd'
    },

    { 
                --8npnkiriy7ga6bak1bdpzn816tutka5sxvfhe70c
                --egnlry6t9ji87r9dk475ecxc8dtmkuyzalk2jrvt
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-z]', 40) .. '$',
            regexp2 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-z]', 40) .. '$',
            name = 'jabberd2'
    },

    { 
                --4c9e369a841db417
                --fc0a60b82275289e
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 16) .. '$',
            regexp2 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 16) .. '$',
            name = 'Isode M-Link'
    },

    { 
                --1114798225
                --494549622
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9]', 8) .. string.rep('[0-9]?', 2) .. '$',
            regexp2 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9]', 8) .. string.rep('[0-9]?', 2) .. '$',
            name = 'ejabberd'
    },

    { 
                --5f049d72
                --3b5b40b
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 6) .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]?', 2) .. '$',
            regexp2 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 6) .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]?', 2) .. '$',
            name = 'Openfire'
    },


    { 
                --c7cd895f-e006-473b-9623-c0aae85f17fc
                --tigase-error-tigase
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 8) .. '[-]' ..
                             string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 4) .. '[-]' ..
                             string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 4) .. '[-]' ..
                             string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 4) .. '[-]' ..
                             string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 12) .. '$',
            regexp2 = '^tigase[-]error[-]tigase$',
            name = 'Tigase'
    },
    { 
                -- tigase.org (in case of bad DNS name):
                --tigase-error-tigase
                --tigase-error-tigase
            regexp1 = '^tigase[-]error[-]tigase$',
            regexp2 = '^tigase[-]error[-]tigase$',
            name = 'Tigase'
    },

    { 
                --4c9e369a841db417
                --fc0a60b82275289e
            regexp1 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 16) .. '$',
            regexp2 = '^' .. string.rep('[0-9a-f]', 16) .. '$',
            name = 'Isode M-Link'
    },

    {
            regexp1 = "^c2s_",
            regexp2 = "^c2s_",
            name = 'VKontakte/XMPP'
    }
}

local receive_tag = function(conn)
    local status, data = conn:receive_buf(">", true)
    if data then stdnse.print_debug(2, "%s: %s", SCRIPT_NAME, data) end
    return status and xmpp.XML.parse_tag(data)
end

local log_tag = function(tag)
    stdnse.print_debug(2, "%s: %s", SCRIPT_NAME, "name=" .. tag.name)
    stdnse.print_debug(2, "%s: %s", SCRIPT_NAME, "finish=" .. tostring(tag.finish))
    stdnse.print_debug(2, "%s: %s", SCRIPT_NAME, "empty=" .. tostring(tag.empty))
    stdnse.print_debug(2, "%s: %s", SCRIPT_NAME, "contents=" .. tag.contents)
end

local make_request = function(server_name, xmlns)
    local request = "<?xml version='1.0'?><stream:stream xmlns:stream='http://etherx.jabber.org/streams'" ..
                    " xmlns=" .. xmlns .." xml:lang='ru-RU' to='" .. server_name .. "' version='1.0'>"
    return request
end

local connect_tls = function(s, xmlns, server_name)
    local request = make_request(server_name, xmlns)
    request = request .. "<starttls xmlns='urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-tls'/>"
    s:send(request)
    while true do
        local tag = receive_tag(s)
        if not tag then break end
        log_tag(tag)
        if tag.name == "proceed" and tag.finish then
            local status, error = s:reconnect_ssl()
            if status then return true end
            break
        elseif tag.name == "failure" then
            return false
        end
    end
end

local scan = function(host, port, server_name, tls)
    local data, status
    local client = nmap.new_socket()
    local tls_text
    local stream_id

    -- Looks like 10 seconds is enough for non RFC-compliant servers...
    client:set_timeout(10 * 1000);

    local caps = stdnse.output_table()
    local err = {}
    local features_list = {}
    local mechanisms = {}
    local methods = {}
    local unknown = {}
    local t_xmpp = stdnse.output_table()

    local xmlns
    stdnse.print_debug(port.version.name)
    if port.version.name == 'xmpp-client' then
        xmlns = "'jabber:client'"
    else
        xmlns = "'jabber:server'"
    end
    if tls then tls_text = ", tls" else tls_text = "" end
    stdnse.print_debug("name '" .. server_name .. "', ns '" .. xmlns .. "'" .. tls_text)

    status, data = client:connect(host, port)
    if not status then
        client:close()
        return
    end
    if tls and not connect_tls(client, xmlns, server_name) then
        client:close()
        return
    end

    local request = make_request(server_name, xmlns)

    if not client:send(request) then
        client:close()
        return
    end

    local tag_stack = {}
    table.insert(tag_stack, "")
    local _inside = function(...)
        local v = select('#',...)
        for n = 1, v do
            local e = select(v - n + 1,...)
            if e ~= tag_stack[#tag_stack - n + 1] then return nil end
        end
        return true
    end
    local inside = function(...) return _inside('stream:features', ...) end

    local is_starttls, tls_required, in_error, got_text
    while true do
        local tag = receive_tag(client)
        if not tag then 
            table.insert(err, "(timeout)")
            break 
        end
        log_tag(tag)
        if tag.name == "stream:features" and tag.finish then
            break
        end

        if inside() and not known_features[tag.name] then
            stdnse.print_debug(tag.name)
            table.insert(unknown, tag.name)
        end

        if tag.name == "stream:stream" and tag.start then
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0198.html#ns
            if tag.attrs['xmlns:ack'] and
               tag.attrs['xmlns:ack'] == 'http://www.xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0198.html#ns' then
               table.insert(t_xmpp, "Stream Management")
            end
            if tag.attrs['xml:lang'] then
                t_xmpp["lang"] = tag.attrs['xml:lang']
            end
            if tag.attrs.from and tag.attrs.from ~= server_name then
                t_xmpp["server name"] = tag.attrs.from
            end

            stream_id = tag.attrs.id

            if tag.attrs.version then
                t_xmpp["version"] = tag.attrs.version
            else
                -- Alarm! Not an RFC-compliant server...
                -- sample: chirimoyas.es
                t_xmpp["version"] = "(none)"
            end
        end

        if tag.name == "sm" and tag.start and inside() then
            stdnse.print_debug("OK")
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0198.html
            --sample: el-tramo.be
            local version = string.match(tag.attrs.xmlns, "^urn:xmpp:sm:(%.)")
            table.insert(features_list, 'Stream management v' .. version)
        end

        if tag.name == "starttls" and inside() then
            is_starttls = true
        elseif tag.name == "address" and tag.finish and inside() then
            --http://delta.affinix.com/specs/xmppstream.html
            table.insert(features_list, "MY IP: " .. tag.contents )
        elseif tag.name == "ver" and inside() then
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0237.html
            table.insert(features_list, "Roster Versioning")
        elseif tag.name == "dialback" and inside() then
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0220.html
            table.insert(features_list, "Server Dialback")
        elseif tag.name == "session" and inside() then
            --http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3921.txt
            table.insert(features_list, "IM Session Establishment")
        elseif tag.name == "bind" and inside() then
            --http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3920.txt
            table.insert(features_list, "Resource Binding")
        elseif tag.name == "amp" and inside() then
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0079.html
            table.insert(features_list, "Advanced Message Processing")
        elseif tag.name == "register" and inside() then
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0077.html
            --sample: jabber.ru
            table.insert(features_list, "In-Band Registration")
        elseif tag.name == "auth" and inside() then
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0078.html
            table.insert(mechanisms, "Non-SASL")
        elseif tag.name == "required" and inside('starttls') then
            tls_required = true
        elseif tag.name == "method" and inside('compression', 'method') then
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0138.html
            if tag.finish then
                table.insert(methods, tag.contents)
            end
        elseif tag.name == "mechanism" and inside('mechanisms', 'mechanism') then
            if tag.finish then
                table.insert(mechanisms, tag.contents)
            end
        elseif tag.name == "c" and inside() then 
            --http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0115.html
            --sample: jabber.ru
            if tag.attrs and tag.attrs.node then
                caps["node"] = tag.attrs.node

                -- It is a table of well-known node values of "c" tag
                -- If it matched then the server software is determined
                --TODO: Add more hints
                --      I cannot find any non-ejabberd public server publishing its <c> :(
                local hints = {
                    ["http://www.process-one.net/en/ejabberd/"] = "ejabberd"
                }
                local hint = hints[tag.attrs.node]
                if hint then
                    port.state = "open"
                    port.version.product = hint
                    port.version.name_confidence = 100
                    nmap.set_port_version(host, port)
                end

                -- Funny situation: we have a hash of server capabilities list,
                -- but we cannot explicitly ask him about the list because we have no name before the authentication.
                -- The ugly solution is checking the hash against the most popular capability sets...
                caps["ver"] = tag.attrs.ver
            end
        end

        if tag.name == "stream:error" then 
            if tag.start then
                in_error = tag.start
            elseif not got_text then -- non-RFC compliant server!
                if tag.contents ~= "" then 
                    table.insert(err, {text= tag.contents})
                end
                in_error = false
            end
        elseif in_error then
            if tag.name == "text" then
                if tag.finish then
                    got_text = true
                    table.insert(err, {text= tag.contents})
                end
            else
                table.insert(err, tag.name)
            end
        end

        if tag.start and not tag.finish then
            table.insert(tag_stack, tag.name)
        elseif not tag.start and tag.finish and #tag_stack > 1 then
            table.remove(tag_stack, #tag_stack)
        end
    end

    if is_starttls then
        if tls_required then
            table.insert(features_list, "TLS (required)")
        else
            table.insert(features_list, "TLS")
        end
    end

    return {
      stream_id=stream_id,
      xmpp=t_xmpp,
      features=features_list,
      capabilities=caps,
      compression_methods=methods,
      auth_mechanisms=mechanisms,
      errors=err,
      unknown=unknown,
    }
end

local server_info = function(host, port, id1, id2)
    for s, v in pairs(id_database) do
        if ((not id1 and not v.regexp1) or (id1 and v.regexp1 and string.find(id1, v.regexp1))) and
           ((not id2 and not v.regexp2) or (id2 and v.regexp2 and string.find(id2, v.regexp2))) then
            if not v.check or v.check(id1, id2) then
                stdnse.print_debug("MATCHED")
                port.version.product = v.name
                stdnse.print_debug("  " .. v.name)
                port.version.name_confidence = 60
                nmap.set_port_version(host, port)
                break
            end
        end
    end
end

local factor = function( t1, t2 )
  local both = stdnse.output_table()
  local t1only = stdnse.output_table()
  local t2only = stdnse.output_table()
  --ordered key-value categories
  for _, cat in ipairs({"xmpp", "capabilities"}) do
    local both_c = stdnse.output_table()
    local t1only_c = stdnse.output_table()
    local t2only_c = stdnse.output_table()
    local t1c = t1[cat]
    local t2c = t2[cat]
    for k,v in pairs(t1c) do
      if t2c[k] then
        if t2c[k] == v then
          both_c[k] = v
        else
          t1only_c[k] = v
          t2only_c[k] = t2c[k]
        end
      else
        t1only_c[k] = v
      end
    end
    for k, v in pairs(t2c) do
      if not t1c[k] then
        t2only_c[k] = v
      end
    end
    both[cat] = (both_c() and both_c) or nil
    t1only[cat] = (t1only_c() and t1only_c) or nil
    t2only[cat] = (t2only_c() and t2only_c) or nil
  end
  --ordered list categories
  for _, cat in ipairs({"features", "compression_methods", "auth_mechanisms", "errors", "unknown"}) do
    local t1only_c = {}
    local t2only_c = {}
    local both_c = {}
    local t1c = t1[cat]
    local t2c = t2[cat]
    local union = {}
    for _, v in ipairs(t1c) do
      union[v] = 1
    end
    for _, v in ipairs(t2c) do
      if union[v] then
        union[v] = 2
      else
        table.insert(t2only_c, v)
      end
    end
    for v, num in pairs(union) do
      if num == 1 then
        table.insert(t1only_c, v)
      else
        table.insert(both_c, v)
      end
    end
    both[cat] = (next(both_c) and both_c) or nil
    t1only[cat] = (next(t1only_c) and t1only_c) or nil
    t2only[cat] = (next(t2only_c) and t2only_c) or nil
  end
  return both, t1only, t2only
end

portrule = shortport.port_or_service({5222, 5269}, {"jabber", "xmpp-client", "xmpp-server"})
action = function(host, port)
    local server_name = stdnse.get_script_args("xmpp-info.server_name") or host.targetname or host.name
    local alt_server_name = stdnse.get_script_args("xmpp-info.alt_server_name") or "."
    local tls_result
    local starttls_failed

    stdnse.print_debug(2, "%s: %s", SCRIPT_NAME, "server = " .. server_name)

    local altname_result = scan(host, port, alt_server_name, false)

    local plain_result = scan(host, port, server_name, false)

    server_info(host, port, altname_result["stream_id"], plain_result["stream_id"])

    if not stdnse.get_script_args("xmpp-info.no_starttls") then
        tls_result = scan(host, port, server_name, true)
        if not tls_result then starttls_failed = 1 end
    end


    local r = stdnse.output_table()

    if #altname_result["errors"] == 0 and #plain_result["errors"] == 0 then
      table.insert(r, "Ignores server name")
    elseif #altname_result["errors"] ~= #plain_result["errors"] then
      table.insert(r, "Respects server name")
    end

    if not tls_result then
        if starttls_failed then table.insert(r, "STARTTLS Failed") end
        r["info"] = plain_result
    else
      local i,p,t = factor(plain_result, tls_result)
      r["info"] = (i() and i) or nil
      r["pre_tls"] = (p() and p) or nil
      r["post_tls"] = (t() and t) or nil
    end

    return r
end
