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Old 10-17-2010, 03:13 PM   #46
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I suppose it depends on your definition of flawed.

I mentioned a while back on another thread that one of Maxwell's Equations boundary conditions (there are two of them) implies that the speed of light is not a constant. It was a dead letter issue until the 1999 discovery of negative Permeability and Permittivity. Experiments could be done to check it out, but aren't, because everybody knows the Speed of Light in a vacuum is constant.

(The other boundary condition implied that in a negative P and P, a light wave would propagate along one axis while another portion of it would be appear to be travelling in the opposite direction. Experimental proven...)

To say my comment about it was considered "fringe", was to put it mildly.
Well, with all due respect, what you've done so far is not science, so perhaps that's why nobody's taken you seriously.

What you need to do is to say "IF my theory is correct, THEN the result would be..." ie, use your theory to make a prediction that is experimentally testable, and then propose an experiment to test it. That is science.

The problem you'll face is that there are centuries of experiments which appear to indicate that the speed of light in vacuo is, in fact, constant. Among the simplest is something that you can do with any small telescope - time the mutual events of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter. The four major satellites of Jupiter all orbit in the plane of the planet's equator and are subject to a complex and ever-changing pattern of eclipses, occulations, transits of their shadows across the face of the planet, etc. These events can be easily predicted, but the time that we see them occur on Earth depends on long it takes the light to travel from Jupiter to us, which depends in turn on how far away Jupiter is from the Earth, something that's constantly changing as Jupiter and the Earth move in their respective orbits. Demonstrate convincingly that these events are not being seen "on schedule" due to a variable speed of light, and you've won a Nobel Prize for Physics.

So really, Ralph, the ball's entirely in your court. If you think that Maxwell's equations are incorrect, make an experimentally verifiable prediction.
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Old 10-17-2010, 03:27 PM   #47
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the speed of light in vacuo is, in fact, constant.
If i remember correctly, Harry and Ralph, the speed of light changes in presence of a gravitational field, obviously associated to mass but not necessarily along the trajectory of the particular portion of the light wave field. So light that passes in the vicinity of the sun follows curved trajectories. This was demonstrated experimentally. Therefore is not in vacuo or not in vacuo the question, but in presence of a gravitational field. But maybe you are both physicists that do not like waves but particles.
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Old 10-17-2010, 04:03 PM   #48
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If i remember correctly, Harry and Ralph, the speed of light changes in presence of a gravitational field, obviously associated to mass but not necessarily along the trajectory of the particular portion of the light wave field. So light that passes in the vicinity of the sun follows curved trajectories. This was demonstrated experimentally. Therefore is not in vacuo or not in vacuo the question, but in presence of a gravitational field. But maybe you are both physicists that do not like waves but particles.
No, that's not entirely corrrect. You are absolutely right that a large mass does cause the path of light to "bend", but this is actually the result of the presence of the mass "bending space" - the photons travel in a "straight line through space", but space itself is "curved". This was one of the earliest experimental tests of the General Theory of Relativity. During a total eclipse of the Sun is 1919, Sir Arthur Eddington performed an experiment involving photographing the positions of stars close the the eclipsed Sun, and showed that their apparent position in the sky was slightly altered, to just the extent predicted by General Relativity, as a result of the light from the star passing close to the Sun.

Although, however, the path of the light is changed, its speed is not. The speed of light is constant for all observers - that is the central tenet of relativity.
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Old 10-17-2010, 04:18 PM   #49
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One reason, though, that the peer-review process is anonymous (the reviewer doesn't know the name of the author(s) of the article being reviewed, and the author doesn't know who's reviewing it) is to try to eliminate the element of personal bias.
But there are reports of gender bias in scientific paper publication, and according to a Scientific American blog entry :
"Standard practice is: reviewers selected for their expertise and fluency in the chosen discipline are aware of all authors' names and affiliations, while authors are kept in the dark about the identity of their reviewers (although some journals allow them to request specific referees). The growing argument against this lopsided method is that knowledge of author's identity gender, nationality, research institution, level of experience in the field can (and does) bias reviewers' opinions on the merit of the research."
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Old 10-17-2010, 04:40 PM   #50
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No, that's not entirely corrrect. You are absolutely right that a large mass does cause the path of light to "bend", but this is actually the result of the presence of the mass "bending space" - the photons travel in a "straight line through space", but space itself is "curved". This was one of the earliest experimental tests of the General Theory of Relativity. During a total eclipse of the Sun is 1919, Sir Arthur Eddington performed an experiment involving photographing the positions of stars close the the eclipsed Sun, and showed that their apparent position in the sky was slightly altered, to just the extent predicted by General Relativity, as a result of the light from the star passing close to the Sun.

Although, however, the path of the light is changed, its speed is not. The speed of light is constant for all observers - that is the central tenet of relativity.
right. this is the bias of considering photons and not considering waves. i do not consider essential one view or the other, it depends on the application. space curves, particle go straight, if there is something else, and the way around. It is a question of representation, not of reality.
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Old 10-18-2010, 12:21 PM   #51
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No, that's not entirely corrrect. You are absolutely right that a large mass does cause the path of light to "bend", but this is actually the result of the presence of the mass "bending space" - the photons travel in a "straight line through space", but space itself is "curved". This was one of the earliest experimental tests of the General Theory of Relativity. During a total eclipse of the Sun is 1919, Sir Arthur Eddington performed an experiment involving photographing the positions of stars close the the eclipsed Sun, and showed that their apparent position in the sky was slightly altered, to just the extent predicted by General Relativity, as a result of the light from the star passing close to the Sun.

Although, however, the path of the light is changed, its speed is not. The speed of light is constant for all observers - that is the central tenet of relativity.
Considering that light can enter a black hole but not exit, isn't the terminal speed of light that enters a black hole zero? Is this not caused by the gravitational force exerted the black hole?
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Old 10-18-2010, 12:25 PM   #52
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Standard laws of physics do not apply inside a black hole. We just don't know...at least that's my understanding.
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Old 10-18-2010, 12:38 PM   #53
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Considering that light can enter a black hole but not exit, isn't the terminal speed of light that enters a black hole zero? Is this not caused by the gravitational force exerted the black hole?
No. A photon that enters the event horizon of a black hole can never escape from it, because spacetime is not merely "curved" inside a black hole, but "disconnected" from the outside universe. There can be no transmission of information across the event horizon.
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Old 10-18-2010, 12:44 PM   #54
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Standard laws of physics do not apply inside a black hole. We just don't know...at least that's my understanding.
Black holes are actually pretty well understood. Physics "breaks down" at the singularity at the centre, but the large-scale characteristics of the object are pretty well understood. Objects have been discovered which are almost unquestionably black holes (most galaxies have a super-massive black hole at their core, for example), and which behave (to external view) just as physics says that they should do.
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Old 10-18-2010, 12:47 PM   #55
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Harry that's true from an external perspective, but as I said (and you said) we don't know what happens inside because there is no information across the event horizon.
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Old 10-18-2010, 12:52 PM   #56
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Harry that's true from an external perspective, but as I said (and you said) we don't know what happens inside because there is no information across the event horizon.
We can't see what happens inside, that's true. But the fact that our physical models of how black holes "work" produce a description of an object that behaves externally in the way that observed black holes work is a good indication that the theory is a reasonable approximation to the truth. Just as we can't see inside an atomic nucleus, but external observation allows us to be pretty confident of what's in there.
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Old 10-18-2010, 01:07 PM   #57
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That's true. What we can tell matches.

But it's still like asking what's outside the universe/multiverse or what happened before the big bang. We really don't know....we can speculate, but...
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Old 10-18-2010, 02:00 PM   #58
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There can be no transmission of information across the event horizon.
What about those particle pairs that change to match each other, so if one goes left, the other goes right (or something like that) regardless of how far apart they are - would that not work if they were either side of an event horizon? If it did would that not be considered transmission of information?
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Old 10-18-2010, 02:10 PM   #59
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Well of course there is Hawking radiation... That's pretty much you are talking about I think.
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Old 10-18-2010, 02:22 PM   #60
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Well of course there is Hawking radiation...
That stuff is dangerous! I hear that's how he ended up in that chair...
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