How to change the line spacing of a font

IceHand · 03-29-2008, 07:16 PM

The line spacing on the Cybook is determined by the currently used font's metrics. The following how-to was made by trial-and-error, as I don't have much knowledge about font metrics.
In the examples I'm going to show, I used the free font Bitstream Vera Sans (Vera.ttf).

First download and install FontForge.
Start FontForge and open the font you want to edit. You should see something that looks like this:

Click on "Element" then "Font Info..." or press Ctrl+Shift+F.
Now select "OS/2" on the left side of the Font Information and then the "Metrics" tab on the right side.

Set all numbers to zero in the metrics fields, but don't uncheck the "Is Offset" boxes.

Now comes the tricky part: Depending on the font you'll need to experiment a little to get the line spacing right.
"HHead Ascent Offset" should be a negative number in most cases around -100 to -200 (the lower the value the smaller the line spacing).
"HHead Descent Offset" should be a positive number in most cases around 100 to 200 (the higher the value the smaller the line spacing).
You can make an educated guess by looking at the character size, Vera Sans for example is very large and needs some line spacing. I think HHead Ascent Offset -100 and HHead Descent Offset 100 look nice:

Most Serif fonts have smaller characters and would probably need something like -200 and 200.

Now click OK and select "File" -> "Generate Fonts...". The font type should be TrueType or OpenType (CFF), both formats will work fine on the Cybook.
Click "Save" and ignore any error messages or uncheck "Validate Before Saving" before saving.

Copy the saved font to the Cybook and check if the line spacing looks right now. If not, try other values for "HHead Ascent Offset" and/or "HHead Descent Offset".
When the line spacing is looking good, remember the values for "HHead Ascent Offset" and "HHead Descent Offset" and repeat the procedure described above with the Italic, Bold and Bold-Italic version of the font.

Boeboe · 03-29-2008, 09:13 PM

Do you have pictures with the result? Or either the adapted font ready for download, so we can see it/test it without having to install this extra software

IceHand · 03-30-2008, 06:30 AM

My camera's batteries are charging right now, so I can't offer screenshots at the moment, but I attached the adapted font. You can compare it to the original font, which I linked to above.

DDHarriman · 03-30-2008, 03:43 PM

IceHand

Outstanding work and tutorial.

I have just downloaded the font you have put here and it does give me 3 more lines then Verdana in the same eBook and same font size (24 lines with Verdana against 27 with your font!)
Note: the font size being the 3th in size from the 12 we have available in the Cybook.

One more info - this font shows my country diacritics (ã, ç, á, etc…) without a problem.

Best regards,

Halk · 03-30-2008, 04:22 PM

Thankyou!

I've just switched over to that font and it's clear and readable, and the line spacing is miles better than Verdana. So much so I'm now thinking Verdana is crap and I'm wondering how Bookeen allowed the Cybook to ship without a good font

delphidb96 · 03-30-2008, 07:16 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by IceHand

My camera's batteries are charging right now, so I can't offer screenshots at the moment, but I attached the adapted font. You can compare it to the original font, which I linked to above.

LOVE your tutorial. Just one *SMALL* problem. I can't get Cygwin to properly install on my machine (about as plain-vanilla a Windows XP version as one can get with an HP Pavilion (Pentium D)) so that means I can't get FontForge to install, either.

As I prefer Book Antiqua, Berling Antiqua and Georgia, I guess I'll just have to suffer quietly.

Derek

IceHand · 03-31-2008, 07:32 AM

Derek, you've got mail.

Here are two screenshots showing Book Antiqua before and after I changed the line spacing. I used the values -400 and 400.

EDIT: Made better screenshots, still Book Antiqua before and after though.

Hadrien · 03-31-2008, 09:35 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by IceHand

Derek, you've got mail.

Here are two screenshots showing Book Antiqua before and after I changed the line spacing. I used the values -400 and 400.

Impressive !

It looks MUCH better with this custom font.

JSWolf · 03-31-2008, 10:12 AM

I have to agree. Looks quite a bit better. Also makes it more readable. Plus I like that you've gone from 17 lines to 21 lines. Less pages per book and less page turns equals more battery life.

delphidb96 · 03-31-2008, 11:21 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by JSWolf

I have to agree. Looks quite a bit better. Also makes it more readable. Plus I like that you've gone from 17 lines to 21 lines. Less pages per book and less page turns equals more battery life.

Yes! I suppose if I could figure out how to make FontCreator do the same thing, I'd have used that, but I found out the hard way that FontCreator has as steep a learning curve as Photoshop - and given that I'm not going to be using it for more than a handful of fonts, it just doesn't make sense to do so. (Except for the niggling little detail that I can't seem to get all the right things to install with Cygwin to make FontForge work on my machine.

)

Oh well. Maybe someone can start up a line of freeware fonts optimized for the Cybook and other ereaders.

Derek

wallcraft · 03-31-2008, 11:38 AM

Is there a way to produce larger fonts in Cybook's Reader via FontForge? The current maximum size is about 24pt, which is not large enough for everyone - see Does the new CyBook support ultra-large fonts (>72 points)?.

Like line spacing, this would be better handled by the reader software internally. And adding larger font sizes to the reader is probably easier for Bookeen to do than adding a user-specified line spacing. Even so, I think a double size (say) font would be an interesting demonstration.

tompe · 03-31-2008, 11:42 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Hadrien

Impressive !

It looks MUCH better with this custom font.

I thought it might be harder to read. With the modified font the word spacing can visually be greater than the line spacing and that can lead to mistake in reading. And it looks strange.

delphidb96 · 03-31-2008, 11:44 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by wallcraft

Is there a way to produce larger fonts in Cybook's Reader via FontForge? The current maximum size is about 24pt, which is not large enough for everyone - see Does the new CyBook support ultra-large fonts (>72 points)?.

Like line spacing, this would be better handled by the reader software internally. And adding larger font sizes to the reader is probably easier for Bookeen to do than adding a user-specified line spacing. Even so, I think a double size (say) font would be an interesting demonstration.

I imagine one could make a TrueType font that starts with 18pt and goes to 36pt or even 48pt. Someone may have to try that - and as I'm not a font guru, my imagination may well be completely out of sync with how TrueType works.

GeoffC · 03-31-2008, 11:50 AM

An absolutely stupid ,
ridiculous ,
' bad '
question ,
but can one " pinch " fonts from MS Windows , and use them ????

wallcraft · 03-31-2008, 12:00 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by delphidb96

I imagine one could make a TrueType font that starts with 18pt and goes to 36pt or even 48pt.

TrueType fonts can (always?) render whatever size you want. The trick here is for the Cybook to select 24pt but actually get back 48pt. There are lots of reasons why this might not work, but perhaps there is a way to make it happen.

03-29-2008, 07:16 PM	#1
IceHand Linux User Posts: 323 Karma: 13682 Join Date: Aug 2007 Location: Germany Device: Kindle 3	How to change the line spacing of a font The line spacing on the Cybook is determined by the currently used font's metrics. The following how-to was made by trial-and-error, as I don't have much knowledge about font metrics. In the examples I'm going to show, I used the free font Bitstream Vera Sans (Vera.ttf). First download and install FontForge. Start FontForge and open the font you want to edit. You should see something that looks like this: Click on "Element" then "Font Info..." or press Ctrl+Shift+F. Now select "OS/2" on the left side of the Font Information and then the "Metrics" tab on the right side. Set all numbers to zero in the metrics fields, but don't uncheck the "Is Offset" boxes. Now comes the tricky part: Depending on the font you'll need to experiment a little to get the line spacing right. "HHead Ascent Offset" should be a negative number in most cases around -100 to -200 (the lower the value the smaller the line spacing). "HHead Descent Offset" should be a positive number in most cases around 100 to 200 (the higher the value the smaller the line spacing). You can make an educated guess by looking at the character size, Vera Sans for example is very large and needs some line spacing. I think HHead Ascent Offset -100 and HHead Descent Offset 100 look nice: Most Serif fonts have smaller characters and would probably need something like -200 and 200. Now click OK and select "File" -> "Generate Fonts...". The font type should be TrueType or OpenType (CFF), both formats will work fine on the Cybook. Click "Save" and ignore any error messages or uncheck "Validate Before Saving" before saving. Copy the saved font to the Cybook and check if the line spacing looks right now. If not, try other values for "HHead Ascent Offset" and/or "HHead Descent Offset". When the line spacing is looking good, remember the values for "HHead Ascent Offset" and "HHead Descent Offset" and repeat the procedure described above with the Italic, Bold and Bold-Italic version of the font.

03-31-2008, 07:32 AM	#7
IceHand Linux User Posts: 323 Karma: 13682 Join Date: Aug 2007 Location: Germany Device: Kindle 3	Derek, you've got mail. Here are two screenshots showing Book Antiqua before and after I changed the line spacing. I used the values -400 and 400. EDIT: Made better screenshots, still Book Antiqua before and after though. Attached Thumbnails Last edited by IceHand; 03-31-2008 at 01:55 PM.

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03-29-2008, 09:13 PM	#2
Boeboe Member Posts: 23 Karma: 10 Join Date: Feb 2008 Location: Belgium Device: cybook gen3	Do you have pictures with the result? Or either the adapted font ready for download, so we can see it/test it without having to install this extra software

03-30-2008, 03:43 PM	#4
DDHarriman Guru Posts: 860 Karma: 4380 Join Date: Feb 2008 Location: Almada, Portugal Device: Cybook Gen3, Sony PRS 505, Kindle DXG and Samsung Galaxy Note	IceHand Outstanding work and tutorial. I have just downloaded the font you have put here and it does give me 3 more lines then Verdana in the same eBook and same font size (24 lines with Verdana against 27 with your font!) Note: the font size being the 3th in size from the 12 we have available in the Cybook. One more info - this font shows my country diacritics (ã, ç, á, etc…) without a problem. Best regards,

03-30-2008, 04:22 PM	#5
Halk Fanatic Posts: 534 Karma: 469999 Join Date: Feb 2008 Location: Scotland Device: Sony PRS-650 (PRS+ alpha - thanks Kartu!)	Thankyou! I've just switched over to that font and it's clear and readable, and the line spacing is miles better than Verdana. So much so I'm now thinking Verdana is crap and I'm wondering how Bookeen allowed the Cybook to ship without a good font

03-31-2008, 10:12 AM	#9
JSWolf Resident Curmudgeon Posts: 73,835 Karma: 128597114 Join Date: Nov 2006 Location: Roslindale, Massachusetts Device: Kobo Libra 2, Kobo Aura H2O, PRS-650, PRS-T1, nook STR, PW3	I have to agree. Looks quite a bit better. Also makes it more readable. Plus I like that you've gone from 17 lines to 21 lines. Less pages per book and less page turns equals more battery life.

03-31-2008, 11:38 AM	#11
wallcraft reader Posts: 6,975 Karma: 5183568 Join Date: Mar 2006 Location: Mississippi, USA Device: Kindle 3, Kobo Glo HD	Is there a way to produce larger fonts in Cybook's Reader via FontForge? The current maximum size is about 24pt, which is not large enough for everyone - see Does the new CyBook support ultra-large fonts (>72 points)?. Like line spacing, this would be better handled by the reader software internally. And adding larger font sizes to the reader is probably easier for Bookeen to do than adding a user-specified line spacing. Even so, I think a double size (say) font would be an interesting demonstration.

03-31-2008, 11:50 AM	#14
GeoffC Chocolate Grasshopper ... Posts: 27,600 Karma: 20821184 Join Date: Mar 2008 Location: Scotland Device: Muse HD , Cybook Gen3 , Pocketbook 302 (Black) , Nexus 10: wife has PW	An absolutely stupid , ridiculous , ' bad ' question , but can one " pinch " fonts from MS Windows , and use them ????