Raymond Chandler [1888-1959]
The Simple Art of Murder [1950]
An essay on detective fiction.
From Wikipedia:
"The Simple Art of Murder" refers to both a critical essay and a collection of short stories written by hard-boiled detective fiction author Raymond Chandler. The essay was first published in The Atlantic Monthly in December 1944. It was reprinted in 1950 by Houghton Mifflin along with eight of Chandler's early stories pre-dating his first novel, The Big Sleep.
The essay is considered a seminal piece of literary criticism. Although Chandler's primary topic is the art (and failings) of detective fiction, he touches on general literature and modern society as well.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Simple_Art_of_Murder