There is a great book "Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain" by Maryanne Wolf in which she talks about how reading effects the brain. Apparently several different areas in the brain are activated when reading. The areas used differ depending on if you are reading Latin text or Chinese/Japanese text. There is also quite a lot about dyslexia and how there are several different types and how they can be treated.
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