When it comes to standard ePub format, Jellby's reply stands, spec does not allow for it.
However, due to the widespread use of ADE on dedicated ebook readers, there is a possibility to use one of their their
proprietary extensions. Details are available in Adobe's
EPUB Best Practices Guide, chapter "Adobe Extensions", section "Layout Template/Dynamic styling".
It is
not part of the standard, nor it is trivial to implement. Other ePub renderers should ignore that extension, but it is better to test such a publication against as many ePub viewers as it is possible.